The Impact of Social Determinants of Health on the Diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) Among Asian Indians (AIs) in New Jersey: A Secondary Analysis of the BRFSS Survey From 2013 to 2017.

Introduction: Asian Indians (AIs), the second largest immigrant population in the United States, are disproportionately affected by type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) at a lower age and body mass index (BMI). The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between social determinants of health (SDOH) and the diagnosis of T2DM among AIs in New Jersey (NJ).

Methodology: This was a secondary data analysis of the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) in NJ from 2013 to 2017.

Use of Adolescent "Community Researchers" to Address Obesity Among Mexican Immigrant Families.

Mexican-American immigrants have a disparate prevalence of overweight/obesity, and obesogenic illness. One approach is to train immigrant adolescents as "community researchers." (1) Design a program to train community researchers to address obesity among Mexican immigrant families and (2) identify the key components of a successful program.

Methods of training lay individuals in the use of evidence-based services for the management of mental and behavioral health disorders: a scoping review protocol.

Objective: The objective of this scoping review is to describe how lay individuals have been trained in evidence-based therapies to manage mental and behavioral health disorders as defined by the International Classification of Diseases, version 11.

Introduction: Health service delivery by lay individuals is common in under-resourced areas. Prior systematic reviews have examined the characteristics of lay workers, the types of services they provide, and the efficacy of their services.

Differences in Community Members' and Academics' Perceptions of Factors Contributing to Food Insecurity and Obesity among Mexican Immigrants: An Application of Concept Mapping.

Community-based participatory research has been identified as an approach to research where community members, organizational representatives, and academic researchers all participate in the research process. As research partners, community members and academics may find some common ground in identification of problems, but frequently differ in their perception of the cause of those problems and struggle with arriving at a "shared interpretation" of the data. Failure to account for these differences ultimately leads to issues with the design of interventions.

Using Concept Mapping within a Community-Academic Partnership to Examine Obesity among Mexican Immigrants.

Background: Weight gain is common following migration to a new country. Mexican immigrants have a disparate prevalence of overweight/obesity and food insecurity. Social stressors, such as unemployment, discrimination, and the threat of deportation, may fuel both food insecurity and weight gain in this population.

Design and Implementation of an Innovative Undergraduate Pediatric Clinical Experience With Teenagers of Mexican Heritage.

This article describes an innovative community-based pediatric clinical rotation for undergraduate nursing students. Students were charged with conducting interactive educational sessions on health-related topics of interest to participants in a six-week summer day camp for adolescents of Mexican heritage. At the completion of the experience, students identified social determinants of health that impacted the health of the community and the impact of the experience on their nursing practice.

The Impact of Childhood Growth Stunting and Post-Migration Dysbiosis on the Development of Metabolic Syndrome Among Indigenous Immigrant Mexican Women.

While weight gain is common following migration to a new country and Mexican Americans have a disparate prevalence of overweight and obesity. In particular, Mexican American women have one of the world's highest rates of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS), characterized by abdominal obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, all of which increase the risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD). Although the etiology of this dilemma is not well understood, using the framework of allostatic load (AL), we posit that exposure to multiple physiologic, psychosocial and environmental stressors over the course of the lifespan may contribute to an increased risk of MetS among indigenous Mexican immigrant women.

Strategies to establish and maintain trust when working in immigrant communities.

The nursing profession has historically advocated a strong commitment to social justice. As immigration issues have become increasingly politicized, nurses are being called upon to integrate principles of social justice when caring for immigrant populations. Nurse researchers have a particular challenge in winning and maintaining trust in immigrant communities.

Acculturation stress and allostatic load among Mexican immigrant women.

Objectives: this case-control study compared levels of stress and allostatic load (AL) among Mexican women in the US ( n =19) and Mexico ( n = 40).

Method: measures of stress included the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and the Hispanic Women's Social Stressor Scale (HWSSS). A composite measure of 8 indicators of AL (systolic and diastolic blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio, total cholesterol, glycated hemoglobin (hemoglobin A1C), triglycerides and C-reactive protein) was calculated.

Outcomes of a Culturally Tailored Partially Randomized Patient Preference Controlled Trial to Increase Physical Activity Among Low-Income Immigrant Latinas.

Introduction: Almost half (47.8%) of adult Latinas report they never engage in any leisure time physical activity (PA) which is an independent risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease and other chronic illnesses. There is a pressing need to develop and test PA interventions among Latinas.

Hispanic women and physical activity: an integrative review.

Hispanics/Latinos represent the largest, fastest growing, and youngest minority group in the United States. Although data suggest that most Hispanics/Latinos in the United States tend to be in better health than non-Hispanic Whites (the so-called "Hispanic Paradox"), these relative advantages in health status decrease markedly with the number of years of residence in the United States. Hispanic women or Latinas, in general, report less than recommended levels of physical activity (PA), putting them at greater risk for the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and other chronic illnesses associated with sedentary lifestyles.

A biobehavioral approach to understanding obesity and the development of obesogenic illnesses among Latino immigrants in the United States.

The prevalence of obesity and obesity-related illnesses is higher among Hispanics (Latinos) than other racial and ethnic groups, and rates increase exponentially with the number of years living in the United States. Mounting evidence suggests that the origins of many chronic illnesses among disadvantaged minority groups may lie with cumulative exposure to chronic psychological and physiological stressors through the biobehavioral process of allostatic load (AL). Among immigrant Latinos, acculturation stress may contribute to an increase in AL and thus may be an independent risk factor for the development of obesity and obesogenic illnesses.

The influence of marianismo beliefs on physical activity of immigrant Latinas.

Purpose: To verify and explicate the impact of marianismo beliefs on the physical activity behaviors of immigrant Latinas.

Design: Twenty-eight immigrant Latinas, aged 18 to 40 years, were recruited to participate in two focus group interviews. Data collection and analysis were driven by Spradley's Developmental Research Sequence.

Evaluation and revision of questionnaires for use among low-literacy immigrant Latinos.

As more Spanish speaking immigrants participate in and become the focus of research studies, questions arise about the appropriateness of existing research tools. Questionnaires have often been adapted from English language instruments and tested among college-educated Hispanic-Americans. Little has been written regarding the testing and evaluation of research tools among less educated Latino immigrants.

Getting started in CBPR: lessons in building community partnerships for new researchers.

There is a growing interest in community-based participatory research (CBPR) methods to address issues of health disparities. Although the success of CBPR is dependent upon the formation of community-researcher partnerships, new researchers as well as seasoned investigators who are transitioning to CBPR often lack the skills needed to develop and maintain these partnerships. The purpose of the article is to discuss the competencies needed by new researchers to form successful CBPR partnerships.

The influence of beliefs on physical activity of mid-life immigrant Latinas: a Photovoice study.

Various explanations have been proposed to explain the low levels of physical activity among Latinas. Included is the construct which describes the influence of cultural beliefs on gender role identity, including prioritisation of familial responsibilities over self-care. The purpose of the study was to explore the influence of beliefs on participation in habitual and incidental physical activity among middle-aged immigrant Hispanic women, using a community- based participatory research approach and Photovoice methodology.

A comparison of field methods to assess body composition in a diverse group of sedentary women.

Accurate assessment of body composition is essential in the evaluation of obesity. While laboratory methods are commonly used to assess fat mass, field measures (e.g.

Cultural beliefs and attitudes of Black and Hispanic college-age women toward exercise.

The purpose of this study was to examine the cultural knowledge that informs exercise behaviors among Black and Hispanic college-age women. Focus groups were conducted among 26 Black or Hispanic female college students. Questions were based on constructs from social cognitive theory.

An investigation of habitual and incidental physical activity among Costa Rican and Costa Rican American teenage girls.

A comparative survey design was used to examine habitual and incidental physical activity among native Costa Rican (CR) and Costa Rican American (CRA) adolescent girls. The purposive sample included 17 girls (ages 12-19 years) living in Limon, Costa Rica (n = 11), and the metropolitan New York/New Jersey area (n = 6). Participants in the CR group had significantly higher levels of habitual (p = .

A comparison of field methods to assess cardiorespiratory fitness among neophyte exercisers.

There is evidence to suggest that aerobic fitness levels among adults have declined markedly over the past 2 to 3 decades. Submaximal field measures of aerobic fitness, such as step tests, may now be seen as aversive by contemporary neophyte exercisers. In this study, a single-factor within-subjects (repeated measures) factorial design was used to compare three field measures of cardiorespiratory fitness among sedentary women: (a) the Queen's College step test (QCST), (b) the Rockport 1-mile walk (RW), and (c) a nonexercise estimation of VO(2) max (NE).

The Johnson-Neyman procedure as an alternative to ANCOVA.

ANCOVA is a widely used statistical procedure that is particularly useful in analyzing data from experimental designs. There are, however, a number of assumptions that must be tested before proceeding with the ANCOVA. Of particular concern is the assumption of homogeneity of regression slopes (HOS).

Outcomes of a program to enhance exercise self-efficacy and improve fitness in Black and Hispanic college-age women.

A quasi-experimental design was used to test the outcomes of an exercise program directed towards Black and Hispanic college-age women. Forty-four women (36 Black, 7 Hispanic, and 1 Black/Hispanic) attended exercise classes three times per week for 16 weeks. At program completion, women were classified as either high attendees (n = 26) or low attendees (n = 18).