Publications by authors named "Karen Schwartz"

Article Synopsis
  • - This evidence-based update reviews advancements in psychosocial interventions for youth depression from 2014 to 2022, building on past reviews from 1998, 2008, and 2017, and evaluates several randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
  • - Key findings reveal that for adolescents, therapies like cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT-A) are well-established, while no effective treatments were found for younger children; new interest in family involvement and technology-assisted therapies is also growing.
  • - The conclusion highlights the need for improved treatment methods and guidelines, more research on children and underserved groups, and strategies to enhance treatment effectiveness and scalability for youth struggling with depression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • The study aimed to assess the effectiveness of a school-based telehealth program, IPT-AST, for preventing depression in adolescents compared to standard services.
  • A total of 242 adolescents with high depression scores participated and provided data at baseline, 2 months, and 3 months to evaluate changes in depression and anxiety symptoms.
  • Results indicated that IPT-AST participants experienced significantly greater reductions in anxiety symptoms and were more engaged with the program, suggesting that telehealth interventions can be both feasible and beneficial for adolescent mental health.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objective: To test potential cognitive and interpersonal moderators of two evidence-based youth depression prevention programs.

Method: Two hundred four adolescents ( = 14.62 years, = 1.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

By adolescence, two-thirds of youth report exposure to at least one traumatic event, yet the impact of trauma history is not routinely considered when evaluating the effect of psychotherapeutic interventions. Trauma may be a particularly important moderator of the effects of transdiagnostic therapies for emotional disorders, as trauma exposure is associated with risk for the development of comorbid depression and anxiety. The current study examined the history of trauma exposure and the presence of clinically significant depression as moderators of treatment outcomes in the Brief Behavioral Therapy (BBT) trial, the largest study of transdiagnostic psychotherapy for youth.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objective: Effective "task shared," or nonspecialist delivered, psychological interventions for children and adolescents have been developed or adapted in low- and middle-income countries with the aim of closing the global treatment gap for youth mental health care. Yet, delivery remains limited, in part due to the lack of knowledge of associated implementation, or process, outcomes. This scoping review aims to describe, examine the quality of, and synthesize findings on implementation outcomes of child and adolescent psychological interventions in low-and middle-income countries.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Depression in early childhood increases risk of psychopathology and impairment across the lifespan. Parent-Child Interaction Therapy-Emotion Development (PCIT-ED) effectively treats depression and improves functioning in preschoolers. Parental depression has been associated with inconsistent parenting, depression onset and maintenance in offspring, and decreased treatment efficacy for youth.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objective: To report on broad-based outcomes of the Brief Behavioral Therapy (BBT) trial for pediatric anxiety and depression. Secondary data analyses expand on previous reports by assessing diagnostic remission and independent functioning, impact on targeted psychopathology, and spillover effects on non-targeted outcomes.

Method: Youth (N = 185; 8-16.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Depression is a highly prevalent, debilitating disorder that runs in families. Yet, empirical support for bidirectional mechanisms linking mother-adolescent depression symptoms remains limited. This study examined longitudinal bidirectional relations among emotion regulation (ER) constructs and depressive symptoms among mother-adolescent dyads over time.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Importance: Youth anxiety and depression are common and undertreated. Pediatric transdiagnostic interventions for anxiety and/or depression may be associated with improved access to treatment among youths.

Objective: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of a pediatric transdiagnostic brief behavioral therapy (BBT) program for anxiety and/or depression compared with assisted referral to community outpatient mental health care (ARC).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Irritability predicts concurrent and prospective psychiatric disorders across the lifespan. Anxiety commonly co-occurs with irritability, and such comorbidity complicates care. Understanding the mechanisms of comorbid traits is necessary to inform treatment decisions.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

We describe the discovery of three structurally differentiated potent and selective MTH1 inhibitors and their subsequent use to investigate MTH1 as an oncology target, culminating in target (in)validation. Tetrahydronaphthyridine was rapidly identified as a highly potent MTH1 inhibitor (IC = 0.043 nM).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Pediatric anxiety and depression are highly prevalent and debilitating disorders that often co-occur. Neural circuitry of reward processing has been shown to be implicated in both, and there is an emerging evidence base linking treatment response to brain patterns of reward processing. The current study aimed to add to this literature by investigating the association between clinical improvement and social and non-social reward in youth previously treated for anxiety and depression.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Sexual minority (SM) individuals are more likely to experience mental health concerns than heterosexual individuals. However, little is known to date about the psychological needs of SM cancer survivors. The objective of this systematic review was to identify whether SM cancer survivors experience disparate psychological outcomes compared with heterosexual cancer survivors.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objective: To report on the 32-week outcome of the Brief Behavioral Therapy (BBT) for Pediatric Anxiety and Depression in Primary Care clinical trial.

Method: A total of 185 youths aged 8 to 17 years with anxiety and/or depression identified through 9 pediatric primary care (PPC) settings in San Diego and Pittsburgh were randomized to receive Assisted Referral to Care (ARC) or up to 12 sessions of BBT over 16 weeks. The primary outcome was clinical response across anxiety and depression, defined as a Clinical Global Impressions-Improvement Score of ≤2.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objective: Although chronic irritability in childhood is prevalent, impairing, and predictive of later maladjustment, its pathophysiology is largely unknown. Deficits in reward processing are hypothesized to play a role in irritability. The current study aimed to identify how the developmental timing of irritability during preschool- and school-age relates to reward-related brain function during school-age.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The current study evaluated the interrater reliability of the Child and Adolescent Services Assessment (CASA), a widely used structured interview measuring pediatric mental health service use. Interviews (N = 72) were randomly selected from a pediatric effectiveness trial, and audio was coded by an independent rater. Regressions were employed to identify predictors of rater disagreement.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

I contend that painting, like psychoanalytic psychotherapy, is an intersubjective process able to connect hearts and minds of painters and viewers alike, because the creative process of making a painting brings painters into more complex and more animated relationship with themselves. My own painting process is largely nonverbal. Interactions between me and my evolving artwork-in-process reveal experiences, thoughts, and feelings not yet formulated in words, and so, not available explicitly to conscious awareness until visual representation allows questions of meaning and intention to be thought about and elaborated in the usual, verbal sense.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Women with intellectual/developmental disabilities in conflict with the law experience childhood trauma, substance abuse and intimate partner violence but continue to have difficulty accessing appropriate therapeutic services, both within correctional settings and upon discharge. The aim of this study is to explore women's service needs and to critically assess whether the available services are meeting their identified needs.

Method: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 16 women with intellectual/developmental disabilities who were in the Special Needs Unit of a women's correctional centre from December 2014 to March 2015.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

This study describes the mental health experiences of older adults living with HIV in Ottawa. Eleven participants aged 52 to 67 completed in-depth personal interviews. Mental health concerns pervaded the lives of these older adults.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Identifying neural profiles predictive of future psychopathology in at-risk individuals is important to efficiently direct preventive care. Alterations in reward processing may be a risk factor for depression. The current study characterized neural substrates of reward processing in children at low- and high-risk for psychopathology due to maternal depression status.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Interstitial fibrosis plays a key role in the development and progression of heart failure. Here, we show that an enzyme that crosslinks collagen-Lysyl oxidase-like 2 (Loxl2)-is essential for interstitial fibrosis and mechanical dysfunction of pathologically stressed hearts. In mice, cardiac stress activates fibroblasts to express and secrete Loxl2 into the interstitium, triggering fibrosis, systolic and diastolic dysfunction of stressed hearts.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Depression in youth is prevalent and disabling and tends to presage a chronic and recurrent course of illness and impairment in adulthood. Clinical trial research in youth depression has a 30-year history, and evidence-based treatment reviews appeared in 1998 and 2008. The current review of 42 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) updates these reviews to include RCTs published between 2008 and 2014 (N = 14) and reevaluates previously reviewed literature.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Notice

Message: fwrite(): Write of 34 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 272

Backtrace:

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: session_write_close(): Failed to write session data using user defined save handler. (session.save_path: /var/lib/php/sessions)

Filename: Unknown

Line Number: 0

Backtrace: