Management of Chronic Bacterial Prostatitis.

Purpose Of Review: We conducted a review of the literature describing the most up-to-date diagnosis and treatment options of chronic bacterial prostatitis.

Recent Findings: Recurrence after oral antimicrobial therapy is common, due in part to the rising rates of antimicrobial resistance and inability to completely clear the offending bacteria from the prostate following prostatitis. Recent literature has described various treatment options for chronic bacterial prostatitis refractory to conventional antimicrobial agents, including the use of alternative agents such as fosfomycin, direct antimicrobial injections into the prostate, surgical removal of infected prostatic tissue, chronic oral antibiotic suppression, and an emerging novel therapy utilizing bacteriophages to target antibiotic resistant bacteria.

Identification of replication competent murine gammaretroviruses in commonly used prostate cancer cell lines.

A newly discovered gammaretrovirus, termed XMRV, was recently reported to be present in the prostate cancer cell line CWR22Rv1. Using a combination of both immunohistochemistry with broadly-reactive murine leukemia virus (MLV) anti-sera and PCR, we determined if additional prostate cancer or other cell lines contain XMRV or MLV-related viruses. Our study included a total of 72 cell lines, which included 58 of the 60 human cancer cell lines used in anticancer drug screens and maintained at the NCI-Frederick (NCI-60).

Phenotypic analysis of prostate-infiltrating lymphocytes reveals TH17 and Treg skewing.

Purpose: Pathologic examination of prostate glands removed from patients with prostate cancer commonly reveals infiltrating CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Little is known about the phenotype of these cells, despite accumulating evidence suggesting a potential role for chronic inflammation in the etiology of prostate cancer.

Experimental Design: We developed a technique that samples the majority of the peripheral prostate through serial needle aspirates.