Estimating the incidence of antimicrobial resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae in the United States among men and women aged 15-39 years, 2008-2019.

Background: The Gonococcal Isolate Surveillance Project (GISP) was established to monitor antimicrobial resistance (AR) in N. gonorrhoeae in the United States. Isolates collected in GISP undergo antimicrobial susceptibility testing allowing for estimates of resistance, based on exceeding minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs), to be calculated.

Feasibility and acceptability of wearable devices and daily diaries to assess sleep and other health indicators among young women in the slums of Kampala, Uganda.

Background: Individuals in Uganda's urban slums have unmet mental health needs due to limited healthcare infrastructure, poor environmental conditions, and extreme poverty. Researchers often use wearable devices to measure factors associated with mental health including sleep, physical activity, and exposure to environmental stressors. However, the use of wearables for research purposes in low-resource settings is limited.

Wipe Disinfection of Reusable Elastomeric Half-Mask Respirators for Health Care Use.

Background: During shortages, elastomeric half-mask respirators (EHMRs) are an alternative to reusing N95 filtering facepiece respirators but require between-use disinfection. The objectives of this study were to (a) measure microbial reductions on EHMR surfaces under laboratory conditions by a standardized procedure using wipes impregnated with health care disinfectants and to (b) measure microbial reductions on EHMRs disinfected by volunteer health care providers.

Method: We inoculated EHMR (Honeywell model RU8500) surfaces with spores, and bacteriophages MS2 and Φ6, and disinfected them using two wipes with hydrogen peroxide (HP), alcohols, and quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs).

Preliminary Efficacy of Positive Change(+Change): A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial of an Integrated Alcohol and Sexual Assault Prevention Program Tailored by Gender and Sexual Orientation.

The current study presents preliminary efficacy findings of a pilot randomized controlled trial of Positive Change ( ). utilizes personalized normative feedback to target alcohol use, sexual assault (SA) victimization, SA perpetration, and bystander intervention tailored for heterosexual cisgender men, heterosexual cisgender women, and sexual and gender-minoritized (SGM) groups. Participants included 165 undergraduate students aged 18 to 25 years old from a large public university in the Southwestern U.

Advancing mHealth Research in Low-Resource Settings: Young Women's Insights and Implementation Challenges with Wearable Smartwatch Devices in Uganda.

In many regions globally, including low-resource settings, there is a growing trend towards using mHealth technology, such as wearable sensors, to enhance health behaviors and outcomes. However, adoption of such devices in research conducted in low-resource settings lags behind use in high-resource areas. Moreover, there is a scarcity of research that specifically examines the user experience, readiness for and challenges of integrating wearable sensors into health research and community interventions in low-resource settings specifically.

Optimizing Transcutaneous Spinal Stimulation: Excitability of Evoked Spinal Reflexes is Dependent on Electrode Montage.

Background: There is growing interest in use of transcutaneous spinal stimulation (TSS) for people with neurologic conditions both to augment volitional control (by facilitating motoneuron excitability), and to decrease spasticity (by activating inhibitory networks). Various electrode montages are used during TSS, with little understanding of how electrode position influences spinal circuit activation. We sought to identify the thoracolumbar electrode montage associated with the most robust activation of spinal circuits by comparing posterior root-muscle reflexes (PRM reflexes) elicited by 6 montages.

Surveillance of vancomycin-resistant enterococci reveals shift in dominating clusters from to clusters, Denmark, 2015 to 2022.

BackgroundVancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) are increasing in Denmark and Europe. Linezolid and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (LVRE) are of concern, as treatment options are limited. Vancomycin-variable enterococci (VVE) harbour the gene complex but are phenotypically vancomycin-susceptible.

Life Satisfaction Factors, Stress, and Depressive Symptoms among Young Women Living in Urban Kampala: Findings from the TOPOWA Project Pilot Studies.

Young women living in Kampala, Uganda, often face adversities related to Social Determinants of Mental Health (SDoMH) including poverty, food scarcity, environmental stressors such as high levels of community violence, and lack of adequate healthcare access. Two consecutive pilot studies were conducted to assess the feasibility and acceptability of survey questions, wearable fitness trackers, and daily diaries before launching a larger prospective cohort study. Preliminary associations between SDoMH factors with depressive symptoms, stress levels, and life satisfaction were examined among the total sample of 60 women across two pilot studies.

Comparison of morbidity and mortality after bloodstream infection with vancomycin-resistant versus -susceptible nationwide cohort study in Denmark, 2010-2019.

The emergence of bloodstream infections (BSI) caused by vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE) has caused concern. Nonetheless, it remains unclear whether these types are associated with an excess risk of severe outcomes when compared with infections caused by vancomycin-susceptible Enterococci (VSE). This cohort study included hospitalized patients in Denmark with -positive blood cultures collected between 2010 and 2019 identified in the Danish Microbiology Database.

Risk factors for methicillin-resistant colonization in a level-IV neonatal intensive care unit: a retrospective study.

Objective: To identify risk factors associated with methicillin-resistant (MRSA) colonization in neonatal patients during an MRSA outbreak to minimize future outbreaks.

Design: Retrospective case-control study.

Setting: Level-IV neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) at Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Denmark.

Hey ChatGPT, Let's Talk About Sexual Consent.

Access to sexual health education, such as education on sexual consent, is limited in the US. Artificial intelligence (AI), such as ChatGPT, provides a potential opportunity to increase access to sexual consent information and education. However, what ChatGPT knows about sexual consent and if this aligns with the current evidence-based literature on sexual consent is unclear.

Physical Limitations, Health Rumination/Worry, and Depressive Symptoms: Gender Differences among African Americans.

Although studies have documented the relationships between physical health, health rumination/worry, and mental health, few investigations have assessed these linkages within African American communities. Using a community-based sample of residents in historically lower-income, African American communities (N = 306), this study assesses the mediating role of health rumination/worry in the physical limitation-depressive symptom relationship, and the moderating effect of gender on the relationship between health rumination/worry-depressive symptoms. Findings demonstrate that health rumination/worry explains half of the physical limitation-depressive symptom relationship, and the relationship between health rumination/worry and depressive symptoms is stronger for African American men than women.

Emergence of linezolid-resistant in a tertiary hospital in Copenhagen.

Linezolid is used as first-line treatment of infections caused by vancomycin-resistant . However, resistance to linezolid is increasingly detected. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the causes and mechanisms for the increase in linezolid-resistant at Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet.

An Endogenous Retrovirus Vaccine Encoding an Envelope with a Mutated Immunosuppressive Domain in Combination with Anti-PD1 Treatment Eradicates Established Tumours in Mice.

Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) account for 8% of our genome, and, although they are usually silent in healthy tissues, they become reactivated and expressed in pathological conditions such as cancer. Several studies support a functional role of ERVs in tumour development and progression, specifically through their envelope (Env) protein, which contains a region described as an immunosuppressive domain (ISD). We have previously shown that targeting of the murine ERV (MelARV) Env using virus-like vaccine (VLV) technology, consisting of an adenoviral vector encoding virus-like particles (VLPs), induces protection against small tumours in mice.

Within-patient horizontal transfer of pOXA-48 from a hypervirulent SL218 to following spread of the isolate among hospitalised patients, Denmark, 2021.

A hypervirulent SL218 (ST23-KL57), phylogenetically distinct from the classical hypervirulent SL23 (ST23-KL1) lineage, was transmitted between hospitalised patients in Denmark in 2021. The isolate carried a hybrid resistance and virulence plasmid containing and a plasmid containing (pOXA-48); the latter plasmid was horizontally transferred within-patient to . The convergence of drug resistance and virulence factors in single plasmids and in different lineages of is concerning and requires surveillance.

NAMPT-dependent NAD biosynthesis controls circadian metabolism in a tissue-specific manner.

Molecular clocks in the periphery coordinate tissue-specific daily biorhythms by integrating input from the hypothalamic master clock and intracellular metabolic signals. One such key metabolic signal is the cellular concentration of NAD, which oscillates along with its biosynthetic enzyme, nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT). NAD levels feed back into the clock to influence rhythmicity of biological functions, yet whether this metabolic fine-tuning occurs ubiquitously across cell types and is a core clock feature is unknown.

Effects of biological sex and oral contraceptive pill use on cutaneous microvascular endothelial function and nitric oxide-dependent vasodilation in humans.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate in vivo endothelial function and nitric oxide (NO)-dependent vasodilation between women in either menstrual or placebo pill phases of their respective hormonal exposure [either naturally cycling (NC) or using oral contraceptive pills (OCPs)] and men. A planned subgroup analysis was then completed to assess endothelial function and NO-dependent vasodilation between NC women, women using OCP, and men. Endothelium-dependent and NO-dependent vasodilation were assessed in the cutaneous microvasculature using laser-Doppler flowmetry, a rapid local heating protocol (39°C, 0.

Assessing the National Representativeness of Estimates of Antimicrobial-Resistant Urogenital Neisseria gonorrhoeae in US Men, Gonococcal Isolate Surveillance Project, 2008-2018.

Background: The percentage of Neisseria gonorrhoeae (GC) isolates with resistance or elevated minimum inhibitory concentrations to antimicrobials has steadily increased. Current estimates are based on the Gonococcal Isolate Surveillance Project (GISP), a sentinel surveillance study of male GC in the United States. This analysis seeks to assess for adjustment before treating aggregated GISP estimates as nationally representative of all reported male urogenital infections.

Microvascular endothelial function following cessation of long-term oral contraceptive pill use: A case report.

New Findings: What is the main observation in this case? The main observation of this case report is substantial improvement in cutaneous microvascular endothelial function after cessation of long-term use of a fourth-generation oral contraceptive pill. This improvement appears independent of relative changes in the contribution of nitric oxide. What insights does it reveal? Our findings suggest that cessation of long-term, fourth-generation oral contraceptive pill use improves endothelial function within 20 months of cessation.

Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium: should we screen on admission?

Denmark has experienced an increase in the proportion of invasive vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VRE) since 2002 (e.g. <4% in 2015, 7.

Deviations from typical paths: a novel approach to working with GPS data in the behavioral sciences.

Background: Behavioral science researchers are increasingly collecting detailed location data such as second-by-second GPS tracking on participants due to increased ease and affordability. While intraindividual variability has been discussed in the travel literature for decades, traditional methods designed for studying individual differences in central tendencies limit the extent to which novel questions about variability in lived experiences can be answered. Thus, new methods of quantifying behavior that focus on intraindividual variability are needed to address the context in which the behavior occurs and the location tracking data from which behavior is derived.

Alcohol use and alcohol-related consequences based on gender and sexual orientation among college students.

Background And Objectives: Research has not yet investigated how the association between alcohol and alcohol-related consequences differs across cisgender heterosexual women (CHW), cisgender heterosexual men (CHM), and sexual and gender minority (SGM) college students.

Methods: Participants were N = 754 college students (34.5% CHW [n = 260]; 34.