The characteristics of users of an online screening tool for children and adolescents with intellectual disability and of those being screened.

Screening tools can help with the identification of intellectual disability, but little is known about who uses them. This study analysed anonymous information from 2691 users of an evidence-based, online, intellectual disability screening questionnaire for children and adolescents (CAIDS-Q) to explore the characteristics of the users and of those being screened. The users were split almost equally between parents/family members (48.

Facilitating the identification of intellectual disability in schools: A qualitative study of stakeholder views.

Background: Many children experience delayed or missed identification of an intellectual disability diagnosis, meaning that key opportunities for early educational intervention may be lost.

Methods: Semi-structured interviews were used to explore the views of teachers, parents, and clinicians (n = 22), about the use of the Child and Adolescent Intellectual Disability Screening Questionnaire (CAIDS-Q) and what could improve screening and identification of intellectual disability in schools. Thematic analysis was used to identify relevant themes.

The views of people using homeless services about learning disability.

Aims: People with a learning disability are at increased risk of becoming homeless, but little is known about how learning disability is viewed by people accessing homeless services. This study aimed to obtain the views of people experiencing homelessness about learning disability, in the context of a project that was exploring how to increase identification of learning disability.

Methods: A qualitative approach was used, and 19 adults were interviewed who were receiving support from homeless services in the North-East of England.

Using the learning disability screening questionnaire to help identify people with an intellectual disability in homeless services.

Background: We explored the accuracy of using the learning disability screening questionnaire (LDSQ) in services for people experiencing homelessness in the United Kingdom.

Method: We examined the concordance between the LDSQ outcomes and assessments of intellectual disability. Seventy adults experiencing homelessness completed the LDSQ.

Laboratory evaluation of the broad-spectrum antibacterial efficacy of a low-irradiance visible 405-nm light system for surface-simulated decontamination.

Purpose: Lighting systems which use visible light blended with antimicrobial 405-nm violet-blue light have recently been developed for safe continuous decontamination of occupied healthcare environments. This paper characterises the optical output and antibacterial efficacy of a low irradiance 405-nm light system designed for environmental decontamination applications, under controlled laboratory conditions.

Methods: In the current study, the irradiance output of a ceiling-mounted 405-nm light source was profiled within a 3×3×2 m (18 m) test area; with values ranging from 0.

Improving access to primary care and annual health checks for people who have a learning disability: a multistakeholder qualitative study.

Objectives: To investigate key stakeholders' views on how to improve access to primary care in general practice settings for people with learning disabilities (or intellectual disabilities). Further to explore how inequalities and barriers in specific areas including annual health checks might be addressed.

Design: A qualitative study design was used with data collected during focus groups, interviews and open-response surveys; data analysis was thematic and informed by stakeholder consultation.

Short Report: Exploring the extent to which Intellectual Disability is undiagnosed within children attending developmental paediatric clinics.

Intellectual Disability is under-ascertained worldwide and is associated with greater physical and mental health difficulties. This research aimed to identify clinical features and characteristics of children with Intellectual Disability in a population of 126 6-18 year olds in mainstream school, attending paediatric developmental clinics. Intellectual Disability was defined according to the DSM-5 (deficits in intellectual and adaptive functioning, present during childhood).

An exploration of the impact of contextual information on the emotion recognition ability of autistic adults.

Studies of non-autistic individuals and people with an intellectual disability show that contextual information impacts positively on emotion recognition ability, however, this area is not well researched with autistic adults. We investigated this using a static emotion recognition task. Participants completed an emotion recognition task in person or online.

A quantitative evaluation of a regional Positive Behavioural Support workforce development approach.

Background: Research suggests that providing staff with input in relation to Positive Behavioural Support (PBS) can have beneficial outcomes. Much of this research, however, fails to take account of systemic issues and does not include a control group.

Method: We used a non-randomised, controlled group design to evaluate accredited PBS programmes, delivered as part of a systemic, regional and workforce development approach.

Mental Health Workers' Attitudes Towards Individuals With a Diagnosis of Borderline Personality Disorder: A Systematic Literature Review.

The attitudes of mental health workers toward individuals with mental health conditions can impact the quality of care they provide. Negative attitudes among mental health workers seem particularly common in response to people diagnosed with borderline personality disorder (BPD). The current review aimed to identify and review the literature regarding mental health workers' attitudes toward individuals diagnosed with BPD, specifically focusing on studies comparing workers' attitudes toward BPD with attitudes toward other mental health diagnoses.

The impact of COVID-19 restrictions in the United Kingdom on the positive behavioural support of people with an intellectual disability.

Unlabelled: The way that people with an intellectual disability are supported is very important.The COVID-19 virus has changed the way that staff help people with an intellectual disability.We wanted to know about those changes and whether learning about positive behavioural support (PBS) helped staff to cope with them.

The use of an implementation science theoretical framework to inform the development of a region wide Positive Behavioural Support Workforce Development approach.

Background: Concern about the poor care of some people with an intellectual disability has highlighted the need for systemic, large-scale interventions to develop a skilled workforce.

Method: We outline how an implementation science theoretical model informed the development of a region-wide Positive Behavioural Support (PBS) Workforce Development (WFD) approach.

Results: We provide an example of the application of the model in practice and demonstrate how this enabled us to understand the competencies and development needs of the workforce; engage effectively with stakeholders; and develop, deliver and evaluate a PBS WFD model.

Developmental Cascades from Aggression to Internalizing Problems via Peer and Teacher Relationships from Early to Middle Adolescence.

Previous research has provided evidence for developmental cascades between externalizing and internalizing problems via mechanisms such as peer and academic problems; however, there remains a need to illuminate other key mediating processes that could serve as intervention targets. This study, thus, evaluated whether developmental associations between aggression and internalizing are mediated by teacher-as well as peer-relationships. Using data from z-proso, a longitudinal study of Swiss youth (n = 1523; 785 males), an autoregressive latent trajectory model with structured residuals (ALT-SR) was fit over ages 11, 13, and 15 to examine within-person developmental links between aggression, internalizing problems, and the mediating role of peer and teacher relationships, while disaggregating between- and within-person effects.

'It's been adapted rather than impacted': A qualitative evaluation of the impact of Covid-19 restrictions on the positive behavioural support of people with an intellectual disability and/or autism.

Background: We used a qualitative approach to explore the experiences of social care staff regarding the provision of positive behavioural support (PBS) to people with an intellectual disability at the height of the Covid-19 restrictions.

Method: We conducted semi-structured interviews with 19 staff who had recently completed a PBS workforce development programme. Data were analysed using thematic analysis.

An exploration of the factors influencing career choice in mental health.

Aims And Objectives: To identify the factors that are associated with considering a career in mental health.

Background: The mental health specialty is facing a recruitment crisis in the United Kingdom but there is limited evidence about which factors encourage and discourage people from considering a career in mental health.

Design: Quantitative, observational, online survey using a multiple ordinal logistic regression model to identify if there were any significant predictors of the extent to which participants would consider a career in mental health.

The use of therapeutic untruths by learning disability nursing students.

Background: The use of therapeutic untruths raises a number of ethical issues, which have begun to be explored to some extent, particularly in dementia care services, where their use has been found to be high. Little is known, however, about their use by health professionals working in learning disability services.

Research Question: The study aimed to explore the frequency of use of therapeutic untruths by student learning disability nurses, and by their colleagues; how effective the students perceived them to be as a means of responding to behaviours that challenge; and their level of comfort with using them.

The use of therapeutic untruths by staff supporting people with an intellectual disability who display behaviours that challenge.

Background: Therapeutic untruths (TU) are used in dementia services to de-escalate distressing situations. The present authors explored the use of TU by care staff supporting people with an intellectual disability who displayed behaviours that challenged.

Method: Data were collected from 126 staff (female = 72.

"Look, all our hard work is paying off": A qualitative evaluation of a system-wide, workforce development model to promote positive behavioural support.

Background: Positive behavioural support (PBS) has been identified as a means of improving the quality of life and support of people with an intellectual disability. This qualitative study explored the views of service providers about a regional PBS programme, that was underpinned by a workforce development approach.

Method: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with senior staff (n = 42), from organizations which provided services to people with an intellectual disability, about their views about, and perceived impact of, the PBS programme, Data were analysed using thematic analysis.

An evaluation of the distribution properties, factor structure, and item response profile of an assessment of emotion recognition.

Many people with developmental disabilities, such as autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability have emotion recognition (ER) difficulties compared with typically developing (TD) peers. Accurate assessment of the extent and nature of differences in ER requires an understanding of the response profiles to ER assessment stimuli. We analysed data from 504 TD individuals in response to an ER assessment in respect of distribution properties, factor structure, and item response profile.

Reciprocal Developmental Relations Between ADHD and Anxiety in Adolescence: A Within-Person Longitudinal Analysis of Commonly Co-Occurring Symptoms.

Unlabelled: Significant anxiety often occurs in the presence of ADHD symptoms; however, the reasons are not well understood. We aimed to establish whether the relations between ADHD symptons and anxiety are bidirectional or unidirectional.

Method: Weexamined the developmental relations between ADHD and anxiety symptoms across adolescence (ages 13, 15, and 17) in a community-ascertained, normative longitudinal sample of 1,483 youth (52% male).

The impact of an adult intellectual disability screening questionnaire on service providers and users.

Background: One contributor to the health inequalities that people with an intellectual disability face is failure to identify their intellectual disability. The Learning Disability Screening Questionnaire (LDSQ) can identify adults who are likely to have an intellectual disability, but little is known about its impact.

Methods: A modified Delphi approach (literature search, interviews with staff and those using services [n = 28], and completion of an online survey by professionals [n = 29]) was used to develop a framework to evaluate the impact of the LDSQ.

Validation of a Brief Self-Report Measure of Adolescent Bullying Perpetration and Victimization.

Although a wide range of measures of bullying have been developed, there remains a need for brief psychometrically supported measures for use in contexts in which there are constraints on the number of items that can be administered. We thus evaluated the reliability and validity of scores from a 10-item self-report measure of bullying victimization and perpetration in adolescents: the Zurich Brief Bullying Scales. The measure covers social exclusion, property destruction, verbal and physical aggression, and sexual bullying in both traditional and cyber forms.

Homelessness-'It will crumble men': The views of staff and service users about facilitating the identification and support of people with an intellectual disability in homeless services.

People with an intellectual disability (ID) face significant health inequalities and barriers to accessing appropriate support, which are made worse if the person is also homeless. An important barrier is that services may not recognise that the person has ID. This qualitative study explored the views of staff members and service users about the identification and support needs of homeless people with ID and the role of an ID screening questionnaire as a way to help improve service provision.

An Analysis of Response Shifts in Teacher Reports Associated with the Use of a Universal School-Based Intervention to Reduce Externalising Behaviour.

School-based psychosocial interventions are a widely used approach to prevent or reduce externalising behaviour. However, evaluating the effects of such interventions is complicated by the fact that the interventions may not only change the target behaviour, but also the way that informants report on that behaviour. For example, teachers may become more aware of bullying behaviour after delivering lessons on the topic, resulting in increased teacher reports of the behaviour.