Axial growth and refractive change in white European children and young adults: predictive factors for myopia.

This report describes development of spherical equivalent refraction (SER) and axial length (AL) in two population-based cohorts of white, European children. Predictive factors for myopic growth were explored. Participants were aged 6-7- (n = 390) and 12-13-years (n = 657) at baseline.

Higher order ocular aberrations and their relation to refractive error and ocular biometry in children.

Purpose: The interaction between higher order ocular aberrations (HOA) and refractive error is not yet fully understood. This study investigated HOA in relation to refractive error and ocular biometric parameters in a population with a high prevalence of ametropia.

Methods: The HOA were investigated in two cohorts of Caucasian children aged 9 to 10 and 15 to 16 years (n = 313).

An investigation into the validity of self-reported classification of refractive error.

Purpose: To assess the validity of questionnaire use in the self-identification of refractive status.

Methods: Two hundred and forty adults (21-60 years of age) presenting for a routine eye examination at various optometric practices in Northern Ireland were asked to complete one of two questionnaires. Both questionnaires used identical questions to ascertain age, gender, current spectacle use, age of first spectacle use and level of education.

A prospective study of spherical refractive error and ocular components among Northern Irish schoolchildren (the NICER study).

Purpose: To explore 3-year change in spherical refractive error and ocular components among white Northern Irish schoolchildren.

Methods: Baseline data were collected among 6- to 7-year-old and 12- to 13-year-old children. Three years after baseline, follow-up data were collected.

The robustness of various forms of perimetry to different levels of induced intraocular stray light.

Purpose: To compare directly the robustness of standard automated perimetry (SAP), short-wavelength automated perimetry (SWAP), frequency-doubling perimetry (FDP), and grating-resolution perimetry (GRP) stimuli to different degrees of intraocular stray light induced by commercially available opacity-containing filters.

Methods: Five white opacity filters of increasing density were used to simulate the typical forward light scatter and stray light values associated with age-related lens opacification and significant cataract. The individually induced intraocular stray light value for each filter was quantified with a stray light meter and plotted against individual perimetric thresholds for the right eyes of three normally sighted trained observers for SAP, SWAP, FDP, and GRP.