Role of Vascular Adaptation in Determining Systolic Blood Pressure in Young Adults.

Background Two individuals can have a similar pulse pressure (PP) but different levels of systolic blood pressure (SBP), although the underlying mechanisms have not been described. We hypothesized that, for a given level of PP, differences in SBP relate to peripheral vascular resistance (PVR); and we tested this hypothesis in a large cohort of healthy young adults. Methods and Results Demographic, biochemical, and hemodynamic data from 3103 subjects were available for the current analyses.

Cardiovascular Phenotype of Elevated Blood Pressure Differs Markedly Between Young Males and Females: The Enigma Study.

Blood pressure (BP) in young adults predicts BP in later life. We aimed to identify metabolic, hemodynamic, and autonomic characteristics associated with raised BP in young adults and whether these differ between males and females. Three thousand one hundred forty-five healthy subjects, aged 18 to 40 years, were grouped according to sex and BP category following the recent reclassification of BP as part of American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology 2017 guidelines.

Mechanisms underlying elevated SBP differ with adiposity in young adults: the Enigma study.

Objectives: The positive association between adiposity and hypertension is well recognized. However, not all overweight individuals have elevated blood pressure (BP). Moreover, different factors may be associated with high BP in normal-weight versus overweight individuals.

The impact of birth weight on blood pressure and arterial stiffness in later life: the Enigma Study.

Background: Accumulating evidence suggests that low birth weight is associated with increased cardiovascular risk. However, the relationship between birth weight, blood pressure, arterial stiffness and wave reflections as putative mechanisms is controversial.

Method: Data from 882 participants (mean age 21 years) were analysed.

Use of the oral contraceptive pill is associated with increased large artery stiffness in young women: the ENIGMA study.

Background: The oral contraceptive pill (OCP) is widely prescribed throughout the world. Although it is associated with a small but significant increase in blood pressure, the influence of the OCP on large artery stiffness and wave reflection is unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between use of the OCP and aortic stiffness and wave reflections in a young, healthy cohort of women.