Using malpractice claims to identify risk factors for neurological impairment among infants following non-reassuring fetal heart rate patterns during labour.

Rationale, Aims And Objectives: We sought to use a novel case-selection methodology to identify antenatal or intrapartum risk factors associated with neonatal neurological impairment following non-reassuring fetal heart rate patterns during labour.

Method: We used a retrospective case-control design with bivariate and multivariate conditional logistic regression. Cases were births in which electronic fetal monitoring (EFM) showed non-reassuring patterns and the infant had neurological disability.

Oral compared with intravenous sedation for first-trimester surgical abortion: a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To test the equivalency of oral sedation and intravenous sedation for pain control in first-trimester surgical abortion.

Methods: Women undergoing suction curettage at less than 13 weeks of gestation were randomly assigned to oral sedation, 10 mg of oxycodone and 1 mg of lorazepam, or intravenous sedation, 100 micrograms fentanyl and 2 mg midazolam. All patients received 800 mg of preoperative ibuprofen and a 20-mL paracervical block with 1% lidocaine.

Prevalence of painful bladder syndrome in older women.

Objectives: To examine the prevalence of and symptoms associated with painful bladder syndrome (PBS) in a population of older women, utilizing the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) cohort.

Methods: In 2004, NHS participants were asked by mailed questionnaire, "In the past 10 years, have you experienced bladder or pelvic pain associated with urinary symptoms for more than 3 consecutive months?" Women who responded "yes" were sent a detailed supplementary questionnaire. A severity score was calculated according to information about symptoms and bother in the previous 6 months.

The epidemiology of urinary incontinence in older women: incidence, progression, and remission.

Objectives: To examine the epidemiology of urinary incontinence (UI) in older women.

Design: Prospective study.

Setting: Nurses' Health Study.

Incidence and remission of urinary incontinence in middle-aged women.

Objective: The objective of the study was to describe changes in urinary incontinence in middle-aged women.

Study Design: A prospective analysis of 64,650 women aged 36-55 years in the Nurses' Health Study II. Participants reported urine leaking in 2001 and 2003.

Physical activity and urinary incontinence among healthy, older women.

Objective: To examine the association between physical activity and risk of developing urinary incontinence (UI).

Methods: Prospective analysis from the Nurses' Health Study of women aged 54-79 years. Physical activity was reported in 1986 and biennially afterward.

Pain management of first-trimester surgical abortion: effects of selection of local anesthesia with and without lorazepam or intravenous sedation.

Objective: This prospective observational study compared the effectiveness and acceptability of three commonly used regimens to reduce pain during first-trimester surgical abortion with local anesthesia.

Method: Women undergoing suction curettage at less than 14 weeks gestation received preoperative ibuprofen and an intraoperative paracervical block. Participants then selected (1) no additional medication (local arm), (2) sublingual lorazepam (0.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus and risk of developing urinary incontinence.

Objectives: To evaluate the association between type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and development of urinary incontinence in women.

Design: Prospective, observational study.

Setting: The Nurses' Health Study cohort.

Diagnosis and management of chronic pelvic pain.

Chronic pelvic pain is difficult to diagnose and to treat [81] because of the multiple and often overlapping causes [82]. A systematic approach aids in the thorough evaluation and appropriate therapy. At the initial visit(s), a thorough history should be taken and complete physical examination performed.