Long-term Engagement in Physical Activity Among Bariatric Surgery Patients: Associations with Treatment Outcomes at 5-Year Follow-up.

Purpose: Physical activity studies involving bariatric surgery patients tend to be short-term or cross-sectional investigations. Longer-term studies are limited and typically consist of relatively brief objective measurement periods used to generalize activity patterns. Very little research combines objective measurements with structured interviews to determine both the patterns and related factors of long-term physical activity among patients undergoing bariatric surgery.

Childhood Adversity, Addiction Severity, and Comorbidity Among Patients Receiving Opioid Use Disorder Treatment: The Role of Emotion Regulation.

Patients in opioid use disorder (OUD) treatment report high rates of childhood adversity, and women experience greater exposure to certain types of childhood adversity ( e.g. , sexual abuse).

The moderating effects of intolerance of uncertainty and social connectedness on college students' addictive behaviors and mental health symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic.

: This study aimed to understand COVID-19 pandemic impacts on anxiety, depression, and addictive/excessive behaviors, with exploration of intolerance of uncertainty (IU) and social connectedness as potential moderators. Adult college students participated. Our online survey assessed symptoms and behaviors prior to COVID-19, during the initial outbreak (Wave 1), and during early 2021 (Wave 2).

Psychological Functioning and Health Behaviors Associated with Weight Loss Patterns up to 13.7 Years After Weight Loss Surgery.

Weight loss surgery produces dramatic health improvements immediately after surgery, including rapid declines in diabetes. However, less is known about its long-term effects. 124 St.

Foods and Nutritional Characteristics Associated With Addictive-Like Eating.

Emerging literature is exploring the contribution of specific nutritional characteristics and food additives to the development of addictive-like eating, implicating highly processed foods and those high in fat and sugar in its pathophysiology. To our knowledge, no mixed methods study has yet aimed to investigate the relationship between food characteristics and addictive-like eating. Towards this end, we applied an a priori classification scheme to open-ended answers to enable us to use quantitative methods to analyze qualitative data.

Substance Use, Gambling, Binge-Eating, and Hypersexuality Symptoms Among Patients Receiving Opioid Agonist Therapies.

Background And Objectives: Patients receiving opioid agonist therapies have high rates of psychiatric comorbidity. Some data suggest that comorbidity is associated with poorer treatment outcomes. The current study assessed predictors of multiple putative addictive behaviors among patients receiving opioid agonist therapies.

Development and Validation of the Recognizing Addictive Disorders Scale: A Transdiagnostic Measure of Substance-Related and Other Addictive Disorders.

Substance use disorders and behavioral addictions commonly co-occur. However, few available self-report measures reliably and validly assess the full range of addictive conditions. The development and initial validation of a new measure-Recognizing Addictive Disorders (RADs) scale addresses a significant gap in the literature.

Combined Use of Alcohol and the Internet: Associated Features.

: With the potentiality of excessive Internet usage being associated with adverse consequences, the current study assessed adverse outcomes of combined Internet and alcohol misuse. : We hypothesized that participants who simultaneously engage in both alcohol and Internet use would experience adverse outcomes from their actions, compared to those who just misuse the Internet in the absence of alcohol. : The current study deployed an anonymous online survey comprised of scales measuring several domains such as impulsivity, neglect of responsibilities, depression, frequency and quantity of alcohol consumption, as well as Internet usage.

Measurement Invariance of the Modified Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0 Across Gender and Racial Groups.

Food addiction reflects a substance use disorder framework, suggesting certain foods (e.g., high-fat, high-sugar foods) may trigger an addictive-like eating response in vulnerable individuals.

A qualitative analysis of men's experiences of binge eating.

Binge eating disorder (BED) is characterized by recurrent overeating episodes, accompanied by loss of control (LOC), in the absence of compensatory behaviors. The literature supports that men overeat as often or more often than do women, but they are less likely to endorse LOC and other BED symptoms. Thus, rates of BED are lower among men.

Measurement invariance of the Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0 across gender and racial groups.

Food addiction describes a psychological and behavioral eating pattern that is similar to the experience of those compulsively taking drugs of abuse. Recent developments related to food addiction, including the development and validation of an updated measure (Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0; Gearhardt, Corbin, & Brownell, 2016), have increased knowledge as to the prevalence and associated correlates of food addiction.

Internalized weight bias mediates the relationship between depressive symptoms and disordered eating behavior among women who think they are overweight.

Objective: This study tested the potential mediating role of Internalized Weight Bias (IWB) in the relationship between depressive symptoms (DEP-SX) and disordered eating behavior. In particular, we hypothesized that IWB may be an intervening variable in the well documented association between depression and disordered eating.

Method: College women (N=172) who were taking undergraduate psychology courses and who endorsed thinking they were overweight completed the Patient Health Questionnaire depression screener (PHQ-9), the Weight Bias Internalization Scale (WBIS), and the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q).

Exploratory Factor Analysis of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, 5th Edition, Criteria for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder.

One change to the posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) nomenclature highlighted in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, 5th Edition (DSM-5; American Psychiatric Association, 2013) is the conceptualization of PTSD as a diagnostic category with four distinct symptom clusters. This article presents exploratory factor analysis to test the structural validity of the DSM-5 conceptualization of PTSD via an online survey that included the PTSD Checklist-5. The study utilized a sample of 113 college students from a large Midwestern university and 177 Amazon Mechanical Turk users.

Predictors of Lowest Weight and Long-Term Weight Regain Among Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Patients.

Background: Weight loss surgery (WLS) outcomes are poorly understood. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship of well-documented (e.g.

Associations between relationship stability, relationship quality, and weight loss outcomes among bariatric surgery patients.

After weight loss surgery (WLS), psychosocial functioning, including the quality of social relationships, generally improves, but for a minority, relationships worsen. We examined how changes in relationship stability and quality from pre- to post-WLS relate to long-term weight loss outcomes. Postoperative patients (N=361) completed surveys which queried relationship changes and weight loss.

Problematic intake of high-sugar/low-fat and high glycemic index foods by bariatric patients is associated with development of post-surgical new onset substance use disorders.

Bariatric or weight loss surgery (WLS) patients are overrepresented in substance abuse treatment, constituting about 3% of admissions; about 2/3 of such patients deny problematic substance use prior to WLS. It is important to advance our understanding of the emergence of substance use disorders (SUDs) - particularly the New Onset variant - after WLS. Burgeoning research with both animal models and humans suggests that "food addiction" may play a role in certain forms of obesity, with particular risk conferred by foods high in sugar but low in fat.

New-onset substance use disorder after gastric bypass surgery: rates and associated characteristics.

Background: Substance use disorder (SUD) may develop de novo for a subgroup of weight loss surgery patients, particularly those who have had the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) procedure. The present study examined the rate of SUD in a broad sample of RYGB patients and identified associated behavioral and psychological factors.

Methods: Participants included 143 RYGB patients; the majority were women (n = 120; 83.

The relationship between emotional eating and weight problem perception is not a function of body mass index or depression.

Weight problem perception (WPP) refers to the belief that one is overweight. Previous research suggests that WPP, even in the absence of actual overweight status, is associated with disordered eating, binge eating, and body image dissatisfaction. However, the relationship between emotional eating, BMI, and WPP has not yet been explored.

Substance misuse following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery.

Post-bariatric surgery patients are overrepresented in substance abuse treatment, particularly those who have had the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) procedure. The severity of the substance use disorder (SUD; i.e.

Assessing the prevalence of and factors associated with overweight, obesity, and binge eating as a function of ethnicity.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the prevalence of and factors associated with overweight, obesity, and binge eating as a function of ethnicity among a national sample of college students.

Methods: Data were drawn from the 2010 Healthy Minds Study sample. Participants were 24,396 college students from 26 colleges and universities.

Validation of the Yale Food Addiction Scale among a weight-loss surgery population.

The Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS), recently validated in college students and binge eaters, is a means to assess "food addiction" in accordance with DSM-IV criteria for substance dependence. Using online survey methodology, we aimed to validate the use of the YFAS among weight loss surgery (WLS) patients. Participants completed measures about pre-WLS food addiction (YFAS), emotional and binge eating, behavioral activation and inhibition, and pre- and post-WLS substance use.

Validation of an online questionnaire measure of the relative reinforcing value of food.

Laboratory methods and questionnaires to assess the relative reinforcing value of food (RRV-F) have been developed, but this is the first study to validate an online questionnaire measure of the RRV-F. Participants (281 college students) completed an online survey assessing demographic variables, food preferences, and the RRV-F. A subsample (n=21) also completed a laboratory food choice session.

"I didn't see this coming.": why are postbariatric patients in substance abuse treatment? Patients' perceptions of etiology and future recommendations.

Background: Recent evidence suggests that bariatric patients may be overrepresented in inpatient substance abuse treatment, but the reasons for this are unclear. Patients' perceptions of this problem may be of heuristic value. Using a qualitative approach, the present study evaluated bariatric patients' impressions of how their postsurgical substance use disorders emerged and their future recommendations for those working with bariatric patients.

Validating a behavioral economic approach to assess food demand: effects of body mass index, dietary restraint, and impulsivity.

Behavioral economic theory is a useful framework for analyzing factors influencing choice, but the majority of human behavioral economic research has focused on drug choice. The behavioral economic choice paradigm may also be valuable for understanding food-maintained behavior. Our primary objective was two-fold: (1) Validate a human laboratory model of food-appetitive behavior, and (2) Assess the contribution of individual level factors that may differentially impact food choice behavior.