The prevalence of murmurs and gallop sounds in anemic cats.

Background: There is little information on the prevalence of auscultatory abnormalities in anemic cats. This study aimed to describe the prevalence of cardiac murmurs and gallop sounds in a population of anemic and nonanemic cats presenting to an emergency room (ER) and to assess whether the prevalence of auscultatory abnormalities was influenced by the severity of anemia.

Key Findings: Records of cats presenting to an ER between May 2021 and May 2022 or receiving a blood transfusion between September 2019 and January 2022 were retrospectively analyzed for presence of a murmur or gallop sound.

Causes and consequences of feline haemothorax: A retrospective case series.

Background: The objective of this study was to describe the causes of haemothorax in cats, patient presentation and outcome.

Methods: This was a retrospective study based in a university teaching hospital. The electronic case records of cats presenting with a haemothorax between January 2005 and January 2023 were searched.

Why some canine and feline blood donors do not make the cut: A cohort study.

Background: While there has been extensive investigation into the selection and retention of human blood donors, veterinary research in this area is limited. This study aimed to identify the reasons for the rejection and withdrawal of canine and feline blood donors from a blood donation programme.

Methods: Records of cats and dogs presenting as prospective blood donors and/or donating between 2014 and 2019 were analysed.

An investigation into an outbreak of pancytopenia in cats in the United Kingdom.

Background: In spring 2021 increasing numbers of cats presenting with severe pancytopenia were noted in United Kingdom (UK).

Objective: To describe process and outcome of the investigation performed into the outbreak of pancytopenia in cats.

Animals: Five hundred and eighty client owned cats that presented with severe bi- or pancytopenia of unknown cause.

Clinical and clinicopathological features and outcomes of cats with suspected dietary induced pancytopenia.

Background: After a strong epidemiological link to diet was established in an outbreak of pancytopenia in cats in spring 2021 in the United Kingdom, 3 dry diets were recalled. Concentrations of the hemato- and myelotoxic mycotoxins T-2, HT-2 and diacetoxyscirpenol (DAS) greater than the European Commission guidance for dry cat foods were detected in the recalled diets.

Objectives: To describe clinical and clinicopathological findings in cats diagnosed with suspected diet induced pancytopenia.

Incidence of acute haemolysis in cats receiving canine packed red blood cells (xenotransfusions).

Objectives: The aim of this study was to report the incidence of transfusion reactions in cats, including acute haemolysis (AH), occurring within 24 h of receiving a xenotransfusion. An additional aim was to determine whether cases with AH could be classified as having an acute haemolytic transfusion reaction (AHTR) as per the definition provided by the Association of Veterinary Haematology and Transfusion Medicine's Transfusion Reaction Small Animal Consensus Statement.

Methods: Medical records of cats that received canine packed red blood cells (PRBCs) between July 2018 and September 2020 at a veterinary hospital were reviewed.

Retrospective evaluation of the use of small-bore wire-guided catheters for the management of peritoneal effusion in cats and dogs.

Objective: To describe the use of small-bore wire-guided catheters in the management of peritoneal effusion in cats and dogs and to detail any associated adverse events.

Design: Retrospective study.

Setting: University teaching hospital ANIMALS: Forty-five client-owned animals that had peritoneal catheters placed for management of peritoneal effusion between July 2010 and June 2021.

The effects of leukoreduction on canine blood unit weight and processing time.

Background: Despite a lack of strong evidence of benefit, leukoreduction is employed to decrease the risk of leukocyte-induced transfusion reactions. However, the impact of leukoreduction on blood bank costs and inventory management is not well understood. The purpose of this study was to determine whether leukoreduction of whole blood increases total processing time and weight loss from packed red blood cells (PRBCs) and plasma relative to bags created from nonleukoreduced whole blood.

Occurrence and clinical management of urethral obstruction in male cats under primary veterinary care in the United Kingdom in 2016.

Background: Urethral obstruction (UO) has a negative effect on welfare of cats.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine incidence, case management, and outcomes of UO in cats in primary-care practice in the United Kingdom.

Animals: All male cats under veterinary care within the VetCompass database in 2016.

Respiratory complications in dogs with tetanus: A retrospective study of 53 cases.

Tetanus can lead to respiratory complications, and the outcome of dogs affected by this disease is still largely unknown. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the frequency and outcome of 53 dogs with tetanus and respiratory complications between February 2006 and January 2019. Medical records from dogs diagnosed with tetanus admitted to a referral teaching hospital were reviewed.

Focused Ultrasound Examination of Canine and Feline Emergency Urinary Tract Disorders.

This article discusses the usefulness of ultrasound examinations in the management of the patient with an emergency urinary tract disorder. It discusses the use of previously described point-of-care ultrasound protocols such as the abdominal focused assessment with sonography for trauma, triage, and tracking protocol in the unstable azotemic patient. Point-of-care ultrasound examination can help direct investigations and expedite the diagnosis of specific causes of azotemia.

Retrospective evaluation of the seasonality of canine tetanus in England (2006-2017): 49 dogs.

Objective:  To evaluate the seasonality of canine tetanus in England.

Methods:  Medical records of a single referral hospital in England were reviewed. Dogs diagnosed with localized or generalized tetanus between January 2006 and June 2017 were studied.

Randomized double-blinded clinical trial on acute transfusion reactions in dogs receiving leukoreduced versus nonleukoreduced packed red blood cells.

Background: Leukoreduction of blood products is commonly performed in human medicine, but its effect on outcome or incidence of transfusion reactions (TRs) in dogs is unknown.

Objectives: To prospectively evaluate the incidence of acute TRs in, and the outcome of, dogs receiving either leukoreduced (LR) or nonleukoreduced (N-LR) packed red blood cells (PRBC).

Animals: Dogs (n = 194) administered PRBC between August 2017 and June 2020.

Association of Veterinary Hematology and Transfusion Medicine (AVHTM) Transfusion Reaction Small Animal Consensus Statement (TRACS). Part 1: Definitions and clinical signs.

Objective: To use a systematic, evidence-based consensus process to develop definitions for transfusion reactions in dogs and cats.

Design: Evidence evaluation of the literature was carried out for identified transfusion reaction types in dogs and cats. Reaction definitions were generated based on synthesis of human and veterinary literature.

Association of Veterinary Hematology and Transfusion Medicine (AVHTM) transfusion reaction small animal consensus statement (TRACS). Part 3: Diagnosis and treatment.

Objective: To systematically review available evidence to develop guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of transfusion-associated reactions in dogs and cats.

Design: Standardized and systemic evaluation of the literature (identified through Medline via PubMed and Google Scholar searches) was carried out for identified transfusion reaction types in dogs and cats. The available evidence was evaluated using PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome) questions generated for each reaction type.

Association of Veterinary Hematology and Transfusion Medicine (AVHTM) Transfusion Reaction Small Animal Consensus Statement (TRACS) Part 2: Prevention and monitoring.

Objective: To systematically review available evidence to develop guidelines for the prevention of transfusion reactions and monitoring of transfusion administration in dogs and cats.

Design: Evidence evaluation of the literature (identified through Medline searches through Pubmed and Google Scholar searches) was carried out for identified transfusion reaction types in dogs and cats. Evidence was evaluated using PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome) questions generated for each reaction type.

Left heart dimensions in anemic cats and dogs before and after blood transfusion.

Background: Whether anemic cats and dogs with increased left heart dimensions are at higher risk of transfusion-associated circulatory overload, and the effect of blood transfusion on left heart dimensions in naturally occurring anemia is unknown.

Hypothesis/objectives: To evaluate the effect of blood transfusion on left heart dimensions in clinically relevant anemia.

Animals: Twenty dogs and 20 cats presenting to a university veterinary teaching hospital.

Prospective evaluation of pericardial catheter placement versus needle pericardiocentesis in the management of canine pericardial effusion.

Objective: To compare the safety and efficacy of pericardial catheter placement with needle pericardiocentesis in dogs with pericardial effusion (PE) DESIGN: Prospective, randomized clinical trial.

Setting: University teaching hospital.

Animals: Thirty client-owned dogs requiring pericardiocentesis between January 2017 and August 2019.

Seizure activity following atracurium continuous rate infusion in three mechanically ventilated juvenile dogs.

Objective: To describe patient recovery in dogs that had undergone mechanical ventilation (MV) and received atracurium as a continuous rate infusion (CRI).

Case Series Summary: Three dogs were treated with atracurium CRI while mechanically ventilated and were successfully weaned. All were pediatric patients (2-3 months old) ventilated due to respiratory fatigue and hypoxemia.

Vestibular disease in dogs under UK primary veterinary care: Epidemiology and clinical management.

Background: Vestibular disease (VD), central or peripheral, can be a dramatic primary-care presentation. Current literature describes mostly dogs examined in referral centers.

Hypothesis/objectives: Describe the prevalence, presentation, clinical management, and outcomes of VD in dogs under primary veterinary care at UK practices participating in VetCompass.