Nuclear Transport Factor 2 (NTF2) suppresses WM983B metastatic melanoma by modifying cell migration, metastasis, and gene expression.

While changes in nuclear structure and organization are frequently observed in cancer cells, relatively little is known about how nuclear architecture impacts cancer progression and pathology. To begin to address this question, we studied Nuclear Transport Factor 2 (NTF2) because its levels decrease during melanoma progression. We show that increasing NTF2 expression in WM983B metastatic melanoma cells reduces cell proliferation and motility while increasing apoptosis.

Hub and spoke model for nursing student placements in the UK.

The quality of clinical placements is an important factor in nurse education and depends, partly, on the quality of the mentoring. In a hub and spoke model of practice learning, pre-qualifying nursing students are allocated to their placement (hub) in the traditional way and, in addition, are formally supported by their mentor to work in other settings and with different clinicians (spoke experiences) for one week in eight. In a first pilot in three children's wards, participants reported the wide-ranging benefits of this model, which included: a richer learning experience; a heightened sense of belonging; enhanced understanding of the patient journey; greater insight into the roles and responsibilities of the multiprofessional team; and increased awareness of possible career choices.

Nuclear size regulation: from single cells to development and disease.

Cell size varies greatly among different cell types and organisms, especially during early development when cell division is rapid with little overall growth. A fundamental question is how organelle size is regulated relative to cell size. The nucleus exhibits exquisite size scaling during development and between species, and nuclear size is often altered in cancer cells.

Mutations in the Atp1p and Atp3p subunits of yeast ATP synthase differentially affect respiration and fermentation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

ATP1-111, a suppressor of the slow-growth phenotype of yme1Delta lacking mitochondrial DNA is due to the substitution of phenylalanine for valine at position 111 of the alpha-subunit of mitochondrial ATP synthase (Atp1p in yeast). The suppressing activity of ATP1-111 requires intact beta (Atp2p) and gamma (Atp3p) subunits of mitochondrial ATP synthase, but not the stator stalk subunits b (Atp4p) and OSCP (Atp5p). ATP1-111 and other similarly suppressing mutations in ATP1 and ATP3 increase the growth rate of wild-type strains lacking mitochondrial DNA.

Human tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase can efficiently complement the Saccharoymces cerevisiae homologue, Wrs1P.

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases corresponding to each of the 20 amino acids are essential proteins for nearly all cells. The tryptophan-specific enzyme in the cytoplasm of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (ScWRS) is a 49-kDa protein encoded by the WRS1 gene and required for survival. The human enzyme (HsWRS) is a 54-kDa protein with 46% sequence identity to ScWRS.