How effective are church-based weight-loss interventions among Black adults? A systematic review.

Objective: Churches are frequently used to reach Black adults to effect weight loss. However, there has been no recent review, to our knowledge, inclusive of solely Black adults in church settings. We sought to comprehensively examine the methodological approaches and weight-loss outcomes of church-based weight-loss lifestyle interventions conducted among Black adults to provide insights on literature gaps and offer suggestions for future research.

An Intermittent Fasting Intervention for Black Adults Can Be Feasibly Implemented in Black Churches: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Pilot Study.

Background: Intensive lifestyle interventions, including modest reductions in daily caloric intake (ie, continuous calorie energy reduction [CER]), are recommended by US national professional health organizations (eg, American Heart Association). However, they are less effective in Black communities. A burgeoning literature has reported the promise of intermittent fasting (IF) as an alternative strategy for weight loss.

Outcomes of a Dietary Intervention to Reduce Bladder Cancer Recurrence and Progression in Survivors of Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer.

Background: As one of the 10 most common cancers in the United States, bladder cancer is the most expensive cancer to treat. Most bladder cancers (70%-80%) are diagnosed at early stages as non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), which can be removed. However, 50% to 80% of NMIBC recurs within 5 years, and 15% to 30% progresses with poor survival.

Self-reported Racial Discrimination and Healthy Behaviors in Black Adults Residing in Rural Persistent Poverty Areas.

Background: Racism is a social determinant of health inequities and associated with poorer health and health behaviors. As a domain of racism, self-reported racial discrimination affects health through unhealthy behaviors (e.g.

"It's Okay With Our Culture but We're in a Different Place and We Have to Show Respect": Marshallese Migrants and Exclusive Breastfeeding Initiation.

Background: Pacific Islanders in the United States have lower initiation rates and shorter duration of exclusive breastfeeding compared to other racial/ethnic groups.

Research Aim: To describe infant feeding beliefs and experiences of Marshallese living in the United States.

Methods: We used a prospective and cross-sectional exploratory, descriptive qualitative design with Marshallese participants ( = 36) residing in the United States between July 2019 and July 2020.

Cruciferous Vegetable Intervention to Reduce the Risk of Cancer Recurrence in Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer Survivors: Development Using a Systematic Process.

Background: Bladder cancer is one of the top 10 most common cancers in the United States. Most bladder cancers (70%-80%) are diagnosed at early stages as non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), which can be removed surgically. However, 50% to 80% of NMIBC cases recur within 5 years, and 15% to 30% progress with poor survival.

Inequities in Access to Medical Care Among Adults Diagnosed with Diabetes: Comparisons Between the US Population and a Sample of US-Residing Marshallese Islanders.

Objective: We examined barriers to accessing medical care for migrant US-residing Marshallese Islanders.

Methods: Cross-sectional analyses were conducted to identify potential inequities. Surveys from largely migrant diabetic Marshallese Islanders (n = 255) were compared with nationally representative data.

Implementation costs of a community health worker delivered weight loss intervention in black churches serving underserved communities.

Black adults bear a disproportionate burden of the obesity epidemic but are underrepresented in weight loss research and lose less weight than their white counterparts in weight loss interventions. Comprehensive behavioral weight loss interventions cause weight loss, but their high cost have stymied their implementation in black and other underserved communities. Recent translations of evidence-based weight loss interventions for black communities have been designed to increase intervention reach.

The WORD: Outcomes of a Behavioral Weight Loss Maintenance Effectiveness Trial in Rural Black Adults of Faith.

Objective: Rural black communities bear a disproportionate burden of obesity. To increase reach among underserved groups, community-based weight loss and maintenance interventions are crucial.

Methods: The Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) was adapted for rural black adults of faith to create The Wholeness, Oneness, Righteousness, Deliverance (WORD) trial, a group-based, community health worker-delivered weight loss intervention.

BMI and related risk factors among U.S. Marshallese with diabetes and their families.

Examine cross-sectional associations between body mass index (BMI) and related health behaviors, barriers and facilitators to health care, and perceived health status among a sample of U.S. Marshallese adults with Type 2 diabetes and evaluate associations of interest between participants and their family members.

Overweight and Obesity Among School Bus Drivers in Rural Arkansas.

Introduction: Obesity is a major public health concern. Compared with other occupational groups, transportation workers, such as school bus drivers, have higher rates of obesity. However, little is known about the body weight and related health behaviors of these drivers, and opportunities for intervention are undetermined.

Health Research Funding Agencies' Policies, Recommendations, and Tools for Dissemination.

The Problem: Dissemination is a key component of translational research. However, research participants rarely receive findings from the studies in which they have participated. Funding agencies have a significant amount of influence to promote research dissemination through requirements, recommendations, and tools.

Reach and Adoption of a Randomized Weight Loss Maintenance Trial in Rural African Americans of Faith: The WORD (Wholeness, Oneness, Righteousness, Deliverance).

Purpose: There is minimal information regarding the Reach and Adoption of evidence-based weight loss maintenance interventions for African Americans of faith.

Design: The WORD (Wholeness, Oneness, Righteousness, Deliverance) was an 18-month, cluster randomized trial designed to reduce and maintain weight loss in African American adults of faith. Participants received the Diabetes Prevention Program adapted core weight loss program for 6 months, and churches were subsequently randomized to 12-month maintenance treatment or control.

Strategies to Facilitate Equitable Resource Sharing in Community-Engaged Research.

Background: Community subcontracts are an essential component of community-engaged research, particularly community-based participatory research (CBPR). However, several barriers have limited community-based organizations' (CBOs) ability to serve as subcontractors on research grants. This article describes the barriers and strategies to implementing community subcontracts through a case study of the implementation of one federal grant.

Design of a randomized, controlled, comparative-effectiveness trial testing a Family Model of Diabetes Self-Management Education (DSME) vs. Standard DSME for Marshallese in the United States.

Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a significant public health problem, with U.S. Pacific Islander communities-such as the Marshallese-bearing a disproportionate burden.

Engagement practices that join scientific methods with community wisdom: designing a patient-centered, randomized control trial with a Pacific Islander community.

This article illustrates how a collaborative research process can successfully engage an underserved minority community to address health disparities. Pacific Islanders, including the Marshallese, are one of the fastest growing US populations. They face significant health disparities, including extremely high rates of type 2 diabetes.

A rural African American faith community's solutions to depression disparities.

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore how a rural African American faith community would address depression within their congregations and the community as a whole.

Design And Sample: A qualitative, interpretive descriptive methodology was used. The sample included 24 participants representing pastors, parishioners interested in health, and African American men who had experienced symptoms of depression in a community in the Arkansas Delta.

Analyzing factors associated with women's attitudes and behaviors toward screening mammography using design-based logistic regression.

We examined the factors associated with screening mammography adherence behaviors and influencing factors on women's attitudes toward mammography in non-adherent women. Design-based logistic regression models were developed to characterize the influencing factors, including socio-demographic, health related, behavioral characteristics, and knowledge of breast cancer/mammography, on women's compliance with and attitudes toward mammography using the 2003 Health Information National Trends Survey data. Findings indicate significant associations among adherence to mammography and marital status, income, health coverage, being advised by a doctor to have a mammogram, having had Pap smear before, perception of chance of getting breast cancer, and knowledge of mammography (frequency of doing mammogram) in both women younger than 65 and women aged 65 and older.