Aquaporin (AQP) channels in the spiny dogfish, Squalus acanthias II: Localization of AQP3, AQP4 and AQP15 in the kidney.

Three aquaporin water channel proteins, AQP3, AQP4 and AQP15 were localized to cells within the kidney of the spiny dogfish, Squalus acanthias, using an immunohistochemical approach. Dogfish kidney has two zones, the bundle zone (including five nephron segment bundles) and the sinus zone (with two major loops). In order to discriminate between the two loops, the cilia occurring in the first proximal/intermediate loop were labeled with two antibodies including an anti-acetylated tubulin antibody.

An economic evaluation examining the cost-effectiveness of continuous diffusion of oxygen therapy for individuals with diabetic foot ulcers.

Continuous delivery of oxygen therapy has been observed to improve healing for individuals with an advanced diabetic foot ulcer (DFU). However, this intervention requires the purchasing of an oxygen delivery device and moist dressings. It is unknown whether this upfront financial investment represents good value for money.

Ultrasound imaging of tissue overlying the ischial tuberosity: Does patient position matter?

Background: Deep Tissue Pressure Injury (DTI) occurs in the tissues underlying the skin that may not have visible signs of skin breakdown and may be detected by ultrasound. The optimal position for ischial region ultrasound image acquisition to facilitate assessment of the tissue proximal to the ischias not been determined.

Objective: To evaluate the mean difference in geometric and grey scale measures of tissues overlying the ischial tuberosity (IT) acquired from ultrasound images in supine and lateral recumbent simulated sitting positions from adults with spinal cord impairment (SCI).

Strategies to support pressure injury best practices by the inter-professional team: A systematic review.

Optimal pressure injury (ulcer) management by the inter-professional team requires appropriate health care system and organisational resources, infrastructure, and policies. A systematic review was conducted on pressure injury care-related education and health care system-/organisation-level strategies. A search for relevant articles published between January 2006 and October 2014 was applied to 8 databases.

Women in academic surgery: the pipeline is busted.

Purpose: This investigation examined the trends for gender-based advancement in academic surgery by performing a comparative analysis of the rate of change in the percentage of medical students, surgery residents, and full professors of surgery who are women.

Methods: All available Women in Medicine Annual Reports were obtained from the American Association of Medical Colleges (AAMC). The gender compositions of medical graduates, surgery residents, and full professors were plotted.

Heel ulcer incidence following orthopedic surgery: a prospective, observational study.

People undergoing orthopedic surgery receive care at many points along the healthcare continuum. Although heel pressure ulcer (HPU) incidence in the orthopedic population has been reported to be 13.3%, information is limited.

Electrical stimulation therapy increases rate of healing of pressure ulcers in community-dwelling people with spinal cord injury.

Objective: To investigate whether electric stimulation therapy (EST) administered as part of a community-based, interdisciplinary wound care program accelerates healing of pressure ulcers in people with spinal cord injury (SCI).

Design: Single-blind, parallel-group, randomized, controlled, clinical trial.

Setting: Community-based home care setting, Ontario, Canada.

Implementation of best practice in the prevention of heel pressure ulcers in the acute orthopedic population.

To implement and evaluate a heel pressure ulcer prevention program (HPUPP) for orthopaedic patients. Program development of HPUPP involved input from administrators, staff and adult patients on an orthopaedic service in an academic tertiary care facility, located in a small urban centre in Canada. Prospective evaluation was conducted.

Heel pressure ulcers in orthopedic patients: a prospective study of incidence and risk factors in an acute care hospital.

Heel pressure ulcers (PU) are a major concern in orthopedic patients. A prospective 6-month study was conducted in an acute care hospital in Canada to determine the incidence of heel PU in an orthopedic population, evaluate the effect of patient and care variables on heel PU incidence, and describe the natural history/sequelae of Stage I heel PU. One hundred and fifty (150) patients (average age 70.

A new model to identify shared risk factors for pressure ulcers and frailty in older adults.

Pressure ulcers substantially affect frail older adults, as well as their family caregivers, nurses, and the healthcare system at large. This article uses the World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health as a framework to discuss pressure ulcers in frail older adults. Pressure ulcers and frailty are defined and prevalence and incidence figures are reviewed.

A conceptual model for interprofessional education: the international classification of functioning, disability and health (ICF).

A shared language and conceptual framework is essential to successful interprofessional collaboration. The World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) provides a shared language and conceptual framework that transcends traditional disciplinary boundaries. This paper will familiarize readers with the ICF and describe the biopsychosocial perspective that is adopted in its conceptual framework and language.

Effect of ultraviolet light C on bacterial colonization in chronic wounds.

Ultraviolet light C (light wavelength 200 nm to 290 nm) has been shown to kill cultures of antibiotic resistant strains of bacteria such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. To evaluate the ability of ultraviolet light C to reduce the amount and type of bacteria present in chronically infected ulcers, as well as to establish the test-retest reliability of the semi-quantitative swab technique, a prospective, one-group, pre-post treatment study was conducted among patients receiving treatment in several in- and outpatient facilities and nursing homes. Individuals with chronic ulcers exhibiting at least two signs of infection and critically colonized with bacteria (n = 22) received a single 180-second treatment using an ultraviolet light C lamp (wavelength = 254 nm) placed 1 inch from the wound bed.

Development, validity, reliability, and responsiveness of a new leg ulcer measurement tool.

Objective: To develop and validate an assessment tool--the Leg Ulcer Measurement Tool (LUMT)--that would be able to detect changes in the appearance of lower extremity ulcers.

Subjects: Twenty-two subjects with chronic leg ulcers of various etiologies (arterial, venous, diabetes) participated in the validation study.

Design: An interdisciplinary panel consisting of 9 local wound care specialists confirmed content validity.

Respiratory illnesses in relation to military assignments in the Mojave Desert: retrospective surveillance over a 10-year period.

Military training exercises are conducted routinely in the Mojave Desert. To determine whether assignment in this desert environment increases risk of respiratory illnesses, hospitalization rates were compared between two matched cohorts of soldiers during three intervals of follow-up during a 10-year surveillance period. The exposed cohort (N = 21,543) included all soldiers who were ever assigned to the Mojave Desert during the surveillance period.

Effect of electrical stimulation on chronic leg ulcer size and appearance.

Background And Purpose: Electrical current has been recommended for use on chronic pressure ulcers; however, the ability of this modality to improve healing of other types of chronic ulcers is less well established. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of high-voltage pulsed current (HVPC) on healing of chronic leg ulcers.

Subjects: Twenty-seven people with 42 chronic leg ulcers participated in the study.

Ultraviolet light C in the treatment of chronic wounds with MRSA: a case study.

The prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is rapidly increasing in healthcare facilities and spreading to the community. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus colonize the skin and open wounds and can interfere with wound healing.

Effects of climate, latitude, and season on the incidence of Bell's palsy in the US Armed Forces, October 1997 to September 1999.

Bell's palsy is a relatively common disease characterized by the sudden onset of unilateral facial paralysis. Using a centralized surveillance system that contains demographic, military assignment, and medical encounter data of US military service members, the authors estimated rates, trends, and demographic correlates of risk of Bell's palsy during a 2-year period. Poisson regression was used to estimate the independent effects of climate, season, and latitude.

Knowledge of FAS and the Risks of Heavy Drinking During Pregnancy, 1985 and 1990.

Reducing the incidence of FAS to no more than 0.12 per 1,000 live births is a stated objective of the national agenda in . One step toward attaining this is by ensuring that all prospective mothers know what FAS is.