Evaluation of proudP: A sound-based approach to uroflowmetry.

Introduction: We sought to assess the performance of the proudP AI algorithm, integrated into a mobile application, in estimating uroflow curves and parameters using recorded urination sounds.

Methods: A direct comparison was made between the peak flow rate (Qmax), voided volume, and uroflow curves predicted by the proudP algorithm and those obtained through established validation methods. A hardware uroflow simulator replicated uroflow profiles by precisely controlling water flow rates and extracting corresponding sound data.