Examination of total hip and knee arthroplasty tissues.

Background: Many practices require tissues from hip and knee arthroplasty procedures to be sent for pathologic examination. These examinations rarely provide information beyond the clinical or radiologic diagnosis and rarely alter clinical management. We aimed to determine the rate at which histologic diagnoses based on gross assessment alone or gross plus microscopic assessment correspond with reported clinical diagnoses in patients undergoing total joint arthroplasties and whether the histologic diagnoses alter patient management.

Glandular Cell Abnormalities on SurePath Preparations: A Retrospective Review with Cytology-Histology Correlations.

Objective: Detecting glandular lesions is challenging by all Pap test methodologies. As the availability of data on identifying glandular abnormalities by SurePath is scarce, we investigated the detection rates and the correlation with histology follow-up.

Study Design: A total of 105,927 cases (SurePath and conventional) were searched for the diagnosis of atypical glandular cells or higher glandular abnormalities (AGC+) with the corresponding histologic diagnosis.

Endometrial cells on Pap tests: ideal reporting is more complex than just finding the right age.

Background: The age for reporting normal endometrial cells (EMCs) on Pap tests was changed to ≥ 45 years in the latest Bethesda update (2014). This recommendation is solely based on age with no consensus on optimal reporting guidelines.

Methods: Pap tests with EMCs for women ≥40 years were retrieved from our Laboratory Information System (LIS).

NILM Pap slides from women 30 years of age and older with positive high-risk HPV DNA. Focused rescreening prior to report issuance, an enhanced quality control measure.

Objectives: Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988 (CLIA '88) regulations specify that at least 10% of negative Papanicolaou (Pap) slides be rescreened as a quality control (QC) measure. With incorporation of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA testing into screening guidelines for women aged 30 years or older, a population of patients exists who are HPV positive as well as negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy (NILM).

Methods: In this 9-month retrospective review with follow-up, 26,501 women 30 years of age and older underwent liquid-based Pap screening with concomitant high-risk HPV DNA testing at CellNetix Pathology and Laboratories, Seattle, WA.

Randomized trial of bilevel versus continuous positive airway pressure for acute pulmonary edema.

Background: Studies have shown different clinical outcomes of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) from those of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP).

Objective: We evaluated whether bilevel positive airway pressure (BPAP) more rapidly improves dyspnea, ventilation, and acidemia without increasing the myocardial infarction (MI) rate compared to continuous positive pressure ventilation (CPAP) in patients with acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema (APE).

Methods: Patients with APE were randomized to either BPAP or CPAP.

Incidence of myocardial infarction in randomized clinical trials of protease inhibitor-based antiretroviral therapy: an analysis of four different protease inhibitors.

Protease inhibitor (PI) therapy for patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus has been associated with lipid disorders and insulin resistance. We compared the incidence of myocardial infarction (MI) among participants receiving treatment with PIs with or without nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (nRTIs) to nRTI therapy alone in 30 phase II/III double-blind, randomized studies conducted before 1999 for the first 4 PI drugs. In most trials included in this analysis, participants could receive combination therapy with a PI plus nRTIs in open-label extensions after the blinded phase concluded.