The Effect of Young People-Assisted, Individualized, Motion-Based Video Games on Physical, Cognitive, and Social Frailty Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults With Frailty: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: The aging population highlights the need to maintain both physical and psychological well-being. Frailty, a multidimensional syndrome, increases vulnerability to adverse outcomes. Although physical exercise is effective, adherence among older adults with frailty is often low due to barriers.

Effectiveness of the Support From Community Health Workers and Health Care Professionals on the Sustained Use of Wearable Monitoring Devices Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: The wearable monitoring device (WMD) is emerging as a promising tool for community-dwelling older adults to monitor personal health, enhance awareness of their activities, and promote healthy behaviors. However, the sustained use of WMDs among this population remains a significant challenge.

Objective: This study aims to implement an interventional program that promotes and motivates the continued use of WMDs among older adults through a peer and professional support approach.

Managing Uncertainty and Loneliness: Protective and Risk Factors Impacting on Older People's Mental Health in Hong Kong.

This study investigated the roles of loneliness and prospective intolerance of uncertainty (IU-P) on mental health, and identified the sources of stress and joy during the COVID-19 in Hong Kong. Two thousand two hundred and fifty-eight older adults completed the survey. Older adults who had higher levels of loneliness and IU-P were more likely to have poor mental health.

The Effects of the Connecting All Generations Through the Gerontech (CARETech) Program on Motivating Young People to Enter the Elderly Care Sector.

Purpose: This study aims to organize an intergenerational program to provide unemployed young people with operational skills related to gerontechnology and the experience required to deliver digital outreach rehabilitation services to community-dwelling older people.

Methods: A quasi-experimental research design was adopted. The young participants received a 12-session training program on the management of common chronic diseases, communication with older people, the functions and use of interactive games, and techniques to teach and match interactive games with older people.

Exploring the Experiences of Community-Dwelling Older Adults on Using Wearable Monitoring Devices With Regular Support From Community Health Workers, Nurses, and Social Workers: Qualitative Descriptive Study.

Background: The use of wearable monitoring devices (WMDs), such as smartwatches, is advancing support and care for community-dwelling older adults across the globe. Despite existing evidence of the importance of WMDs in preventing problems and promoting health, significant concerns remain about the decline in use after a period of time, which warrant an understanding of how older adults experience the devices.

Objective: This study aims to explore and describe the experiences of community-dwelling older adults after receiving our interventional program, which included the use of a smartwatch with support from a community health workers, nurses, and social workers, including the challenges that they experienced while using the device, the perceived benefits, and strategies to promote their sustained use of the device.

No observed bidirectional effect between tenofovir diphosphate concentrations and gender-affirming hormone concentrations among transgender persons switching from tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine to tenofovir alafenamide/emtricitabine for HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis.

Aims: Many transgender and gender diverse (TGD) individuals have expressed concerns about the potential for oral pre-exposure prophylaxis to affect hormonal concentrations achieved from taking gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT). The purpose of this study was to understand the bidirectional effects between hormone and intraerythrocytic tenofovir diphosphate concentrations when switching from tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine (TDF/FTC) to tenofovir alafenamide/emtricitabine (TAF/FTC) in TGD users/nonusers of GAHT.

Methods: The study evaluated stored blood samples and dried blood spot cards from TGD adults without HIV who took ≥12 weeks of TDF/FTC and then switched to ≥12 weeks of TAF/FTC for pre-exposure prophylaxis.

Experiences of receiving an mHealth application with proactive nursing support among community-dwelling older adults: a mixed-methods study.

Background: As the population ages, a plethora of digital and mobile health applications for assistance with independent living have emerged. Still unknown, however, is how older adults sustain the use of these applications.

Aim: This study sought to explore the experiences of older adults following their participation in a programme that combined the use of an mHealth application with proactive telecare nursing support.

Effectiveness of support from community health workers on the sustained use of a wearable monitoring device among community-dwelling older adults: A randomized trial protocol.

Background: Wearable monitoring devices, such as smartwatches and fitness bands, are health technologies for enhancing self-care management among community-dwelling older adults. While the evidence suggests that these devices can promote health, older adults often struggle to use them over the long term. Community health workers can effectively motivate older adults to change their health behaviors.

A health-social service partnership programme for improving the health self-management of community-dwelling older adults: a hybrid effectiveness-implementation pilot study protocol.

Background: The ageing population requires seamless, integrated health and social care services in the community to promote the health of older adults. However, inadequate financial resources, a lack of clear operational guidelines, and various organisational work cultures may affect the implementation quality and sustainability of these services. As a unique approach, this study seeks to examine the preliminary effects of a health-social partnership programme on the health self-management of community-dwelling older adults in Hong Kong.

The Synergistic Effect of Nurse Proactive Phone Calls With an mHealth App Program on Sustaining App Usage: 3-Arm Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Although mobile health application (mHealth app) programs have effectively promoted disease self-management behaviors in the last decade, usage rates have tended to fall over time.

Objective: We used a case management approach led by a nurse and supported by a health-social partnership team with the aim of sustaining app usage among community-dwelling older adults and evaluated the outcome differences (i.e, self-efficacy, levels of depression, and total health service usages) between those who continued to use the app.

Impact of (recurrent) bacterial vaginosis on quality of life and the need for accessible alternative treatments.

Background: Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is one of the most common vaginal dysbiosis in women aged 15-44 years old.

Methods: We administered a cross-sectional, single timepoint survey to women ages 18 years or older and who have had bacterial vaginosis (BV). Women completed an anonymous online survey evaluating the impact of BV on their quality of life, how effective different types of treatments were and the amount of self-diagnosed vs.

Effect of a Mobile Health Application With Nurse Support on Quality of Life Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Hong Kong: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Mobile health (mHealth) smartphone apps are becoming increasingly popular among older adults, although the reactive care approach of these apps has limited their usability.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of an interactive mHealth program supported by a health-social partnership team on quality of life (QOL) among community-dwelling older adults in Hong Kong.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This was a 3-group, randomized clinical trial conducted in 5 community centers in Hong Kong from December 1, 2020, to April 30, 2022, with a last follow-up date of January 31, 2022.

A randomized controlled trial of an mHealth application with nursing interaction to promote quality of life among community-dwelling older adults.

Significance: Using mHealth apps alone at home without the support of healthcare experts could mean that older adults might not fully utilize the functions of the apps, recognize their benefits, and sustain their use. Incorporating an integrated health-social partnership model to support the app usage when further help is needed by the older adults might maximize the apps' benefits in the long term.

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the benefits of adding nursing interaction supported by a health-social partnership model in the use of mHealth, and the sustained beneficial effects on psychological outcomes, including quality of life, self-efficacy, and depression, among older adults after the completion of the program.

A community-based health-social partnership program for community-dwelling older adults: a hybrid effectiveness-implementation pilot study.

Background: A growing body of literature supports the efficacy of the health-social approach for the implementation of complex interventions to enhance self-care health management among community-dwelling older adults. However, there is little research on how interventions with this approach are implemented and disseminated in a real community setting.

Methods: This pilot study adopted an effectiveness-implementation hybrid design to 1) evaluate the effectiveness of a community-based Health-Social Partnership Program (HSPP) and 2) explore the reach, adoption, implementation, and maintenance of the HSPP in the community.

Randomized Trial of Individualized Texting for Adherence Building (iTAB) Plus Motivational Interviewing for PrEP Adherence in Transgender Individuals: The iM-PrEPT Study.

Background: Transgender and nonbinary individuals at risk for HIV may benefit from adherence support for pre-exposure prophylaxis.

Methods: Between June 2017 and September 2020, 255 transgender and nonbinary individuals received daily oral tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine for 48 weeks randomized 1:1 to receive individualized Texting for Adherence Building (iTAB) or iTAB plus motivational interviewing (iTAB + MI) through phone for nonadherence. The primary end point was dried blood spot tenofovir diphosphate concentrations at weeks 12 and 48 (or last on-drug study visit) ≥1246 fmol/punch consistent with ≥7 doses/week (ie, near-perfect adherence).

Patient and Physician Preferences Regarding Long-Acting Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis and Antiretroviral Therapy: A Mixed-Methods Study in Southern California, USA.

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) are key strategies in ending the HIV epidemic. However, poor adherence to daily ART and PrEP increases the risk of HIV transmission and acquisition. Long-acting ART and PrEP formulations attempt to improve adherence through providing long-lasting forms of the medication delivered through different routes of administration: oral (potentially monthly), injection (1-6 months), and subdermal implant (up to annually).

Sexually transmitted infections among participants in an HIV PrEP adherence trial.

Background: HIV PrEP effectiveness is highly dependent on adherence. High STI incidence has been reported among PrEP users. We assessed the relationship between STI incidence (CT, NG, and syphilis) and PrEP adherence.

Genital Inflammation Is Not Associated With Decreased Vaginal Tenofovir Concentrations in Women Taking Oral PrEP.

Background: We evaluated the association of inflammation and dysbosis on cervicovaginal fluid (CVF) tenofovir (TFV) concentrations in women taking oral tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitable for HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in the United States.

Setting: Thirty-five women in a HIV PrEP implementation study attended their week 24 visit at a San Diego research clinic and provided CVF specimens.

Methods: Women in the Adherence Enhancement Guided by Individualized Texting and Drug Levels study had their CVF specimens evaluated for (1) sexually transmitted bacterial (Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Gardnerella, and Trichomonas vaginalis), viral (human papillomavirus, cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex virus-1/2) and fungal (Candida) infections; (2) microbiome composition by 16 S sequencing (V3-V4 region); and (3) cytokine profiles by enzyme-linked immunoassay (Interleukin-8, macrophage Inflammatory protein-1a, macrophage Inflammatory Protein-1b and interferon-γ-inducible protein-10).

Effect of a Telecare Case Management Program for Older Adults Who Are Homebound During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Older adults who are homebound can be difficult to reach owing to their functional limitations and social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic, leaving their health needs unrecognized at an earlier stage.

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of a telecare case management program for older adults who are homebound during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This randomized clinical trial was conducted among 68 older adults in Hong Kong from May 21 to July 20, 2020, with a last follow-up date of October 20, 2020.

Results from a Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Demonstration Project for At-risk Cisgender Women in the United States.

Background: Daily oral tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine (TDF/FTC) is effective for reducing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acquisition among cisgender women. We report results from the first US observational open-label demonstration project of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) among at-risk cisgender women.

Methods: Adherence Enhancement Guided by Individualized Texting and Drug Levels was a 48-week, single-arm, open-label demonstration study of daily oral TDF/FTC in cisgender women ≥18 years old at risk for HIV.

Performance anxiety and the plasticity of emotional responses.

Current psychological theories of performance anxiety focus heavily on relating performers' physiological and mental states to their abilities to maintain focus and execute learned skills. How task-specific expertise and past experiences moderate the degree to which individuals become anxious in a given performance context are not well accounted for within these theories. This review considers how individual differences arising from learning may shape the psychobiological, emotional, and cognitive processes that modulate anxious states associated with the performance of highly trained skills.

Attitudes of women participating in a clinical trial on point-of-care testing and home testing for STIs.

, and infections are a public health concern and cost the United States' healthcare system 16 billion dollars annually. By minimizing barriers to testing, an increased number of infections can be detected and treated. A home-based point-of-care (POC) sexually transmitted infection (STI) test may reduce personal, structural, social and system-level barriers to STI testing.

Perceptual category learning in autism spectrum disorder: Truth and consequences.

The ability to categorize is fundamental to cognitive development. Some categories emerge effortlessly and rapidly while others can take years of experience to acquire. Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are often able to name and sort objects, suggesting that their categorization abilities are largely intact.

Generalization of novel sensorimotor associations among pianists and non-pianists: more evidence that musical training effects are constrained.

In the process of acquiring musical skills, such as playing the piano, we develop sensorimotor associations between motor movements and perception of pitch. Previous research suggests that these acquired associations are relatively inflexible and show limited generalizability to performance under novel conditions. The current study investigated whether piano training constrains the ability to generalize learning based on an unfamiliar (inverted) pitch mapping, using a transfer-of-training paradigm (Palmer and Meyer in Psychol Sci 11:63-68, 2000).

WHI-2 Regulates Intercellular Communication via a MAP Kinase Signaling Complex.

The formation of the fungal mycelial network is facilitated by somatic cell fusion of germinating asexual spores (or germlings). germlings in close proximity display chemotropic growth that is dependent upon an intracellular network of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling cascades. Approximately 80 genes involved in intercellular communication and fusion have been identified, including three mutants with similar morphological phenotypes: Δ, Δ, and Δ.