Systematic review of topical interventions for the management of pain in chronic wounds.

Chronic wounds adversely affect quality of life. Pain is associated with chronic wounds, and its impact can vary according to wound aetiology, condition, and patient factors. This systematic review examined the effectiveness of topical interventions in the management chronic wound-related pain guided by PRISMA recommendations of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) where pain reduction is the primary outcome.

Assessing the Value of Huddle Implementation in the Perioperative Setting.

Communication is essential for safe, effective patient care. In perioperative services, where interdisciplinary teamwork is crucial, communication breakdowns may lead to increased errors, decreased staff member satisfaction, and poor team performance. This process improvement project focused on instituting perioperative huddles for two months and measuring the effect that they had on staff members' satisfaction, engagement, and communication effectiveness.

Implementing a text message-based intervention to support type 2 diabetes medication adherence in primary care: a qualitative study with general practice staff.

Background: The Support through Mobile Messaging and digital health Technology for Diabetes (SuMMiT-D) project has developed, and is evaluating, a mobile phone-based intervention delivering brief messages targeting identified behaviour change techniques promoting medication use to people with type 2 diabetes in general practice. The present study aimed to inform refinement and future implementation of the SuMMiT-D intervention by investigating general practice staff perceptions of how a text message-based intervention to support medication adherence should be implemented within current and future diabetes care.

Methods: Seven focus groups and five interviews were conducted with 46 general practice staff (including GPs, nurses, healthcare assistants, receptionists and linked pharmacists) with a potential role in the implementation of a text message-based intervention for people with type 2 diabetes.

Parents' Experience of Administering Vosoritide: A Daily Injectable for Children with Achondroplasia.

Introduction: Vosoritide is the first approved pharmacological treatment for achondroplasia and is indicated for at-home injectable administration by a trained caregiver. This research aimed to explore parents' and children's experience of initiating vosoritide and administering this treatment at home.

Methods: Qualitative telephone interviews were conducted with parents of children being treated with vosoritide in France and Germany.

The State of Health and Intentions for Action to Advance Mental Health and Well-being for the Nursing Workforce.

Objective: The aims of this study were to explore the health of nurse leaders and assess intentions to integrate workplace mental health/wellness practices.

Background: National efforts address high rates of poor mental health and lifestyle behaviors among nurses. Few studies describe the extent to which nurse leaders in academic and clinical environments can influence a strategic mission for health/well-being among the nursing workforce.

A High-Throughput Ion Mobility Spectrometry-Mass Spectrometry Screening Method for Opioid Profiling.

In 2017, the United States Department of Health and Human Services declared the widespread misuse and abuse of prescription and illicit opioids an epidemic. However, this epidemic dates back to the 1990s when opioids were extensively prescribed for pain management. Currently, opioids are still recommended for pain management, and given their abuse potential, rapid screening is imperative for patient treatment.

Topical interventions for the management of pain in chronic wounds: A protocol for a systematic review.

Venous, arterial, diabetic and pressure ulcers, collectively known as chronic wounds, negatively impact individuals across psychological, social and financial domains. Chronic wounds can be painful and the nature, frequency and impact of pain can differ depending on wound aetiology, wound state and on numerous patient factors. While systemic pharmaceutical agents have some effect in managing pain, there is a need to examine topical agents applied to the wound bed for pain relief.

Enhancing Tobacco Treatment for Medicaid Recipients.

Objective: Medicaid recipients are vulnerable to increased morbidity and mortality secondary to high tobacco use prevalence and barriers to accessing tobacco treatment. The purpose of the pilot study was to explore managed care administrators' perceptions of the facilitators and barriers to tobacco treatment for Medicaid recipients.

Methods: Focus groups with key informants (n = 14) from managed care organizations were conducted in fall 2018.

High-Resolution Demultiplexing (HRdm) Ion Mobility Spectrometry-Mass Spectrometry for Aspartic and Isoaspartic Acid Determination and Screening.

Isomeric peptide analyses are an analytical challenge of great importance to therapeutic monoclonal antibody and other biotherapeutic product development workflows. Aspartic acid (Asp, D) to isoaspartic acid (isoAsp, isoD) isomerization is a critical quality attribute (CQA) that requires careful control, monitoring, and quantitation during the drug discovery and production processes. While the formation of isoAsp has been implicated in a variety of disease states such as autoimmune diseases and several types of cancer, it is also understood that the formation of isoAsp results in a structural change impacting efficacy, potency, and immunogenic properties, all of which are undesirable.

Use of Theory-Driven Report Back to Promote Lung Cancer Risk Reduction.

Report back is active sharing of research findings with participants to prompt behavior change. Research on theory-driven report back for environmental risk reduction is limited. The study aim is to evaluate the impact of a stage-tailored report back process with participants who had high home radon and/or air nicotine levels.

Utilizing liquid chromatography, ion mobility spectrometry, and mass spectrometry to assess INLIGHT™ derivatized N-linked glycans in biological samples.

Glycosylation is a ubiquitous co- and post-translational modification involved in the sorting, folding, and trafficking of proteins in biological systems; in humans, >50% of gene products are glycosylated with the cellular machinery of glycosylation compromising ~2% of the genome. Perturbations in glycosylation have been implicated in a variety of diseases including neurodegenerative diseases and certain types of cancer. However, understanding the relationship between a glycan and its biological role is often difficult due to the numerous glycan isomers that exist.

Utilizing Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry to Investigate the Unfolding Pathway of Cu/Zn Superoxide Dismutase.

Native mass spectrometry has emerged as a powerful tool for structural biology as it enables the evaluation of molecules as they occur in their physiological conditions. Ion mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry (IMS-MS) has shown essential in these analyses as it allows the measurement of the shape of a molecule, denoted as its collision cross section (CCS), and mass. The structural information garnered from native IMS-MS provides insight into the tertiary and quaternary structure of proteins and can be used to validate NMR or crystallographic X-ray structures.

Enhanced protocol for quantitative N-linked glycomics analysis using Individuality Normalization when Labeling with Isotopic Glycan Hydrazide Tags (INLIGHT)™.

The analysis of N-linked glycans using liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (LC-MS) presents significant challenges, particularly owing to their hydrophilic nature. To address these difficulties, a variety of derivatization methods have been developed to facilitate improved ionization and detection sensitivity. One such method, the Individuality Normalization when Labeling with Isotopic Glycan Hydrazide Tags (INLIGHT)™ strategy for labeling glycans, has previously been utilized in the analysis of N- and O-linked glycans in biological samples.

Intracerebroventricular Cerliponase Alfa for Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis Type 2 Disease: Clinical Practice Considerations From US Clinics.

Background: Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis type 2 or CLN2 disease is a rare, autosomal recessive, neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disorder caused by tripeptidyl peptidase 1 deficiency. Cerliponase alfa, a recombinant human tripeptidyl peptidase 1 enzyme, is the first and only approved treatment for CLN2 disease and the first approved enzyme replacement therapy administered via intracerebroventricular infusion.

Methods: A meeting of health care professionals from US institutions with experience in cerliponase alfa treatment of children with CLN2 disease was held in November 2018.

FRESH: Long-Term Outcomes of a Randomized Trial to Reduce Radon and Tobacco Smoke in the Home.

Introduction: Tobacco smoke and radon are the leading causes of lung cancer. The FRESH intervention was a randomized controlled trial of 515 homeowners to promote stage of action to reduce radon and air nicotine levels.

Methods: We studied 515 participants, 257 in a treatment group and 258 in a control group.

Tobacco Use Among Rural and Urban US Middle and High School Students: National Youth Tobacco Survey, 2011-2016.

Purpose: Rural adolescents engage in higher smoking and smokeless tobacco use rates than those from urban communities; urban adolescents are more likely to use e-cigarettes. The study investigated whether place of residence (rural vs urban) is associated with tobacco use prevalence and change in prevalence among middle and high school students over time.

Methods: We analyzed data from the National Youth Tobacco Survey (2011-2016).

Truth® ads, receptivity, and motivation to use or quit tobacco among college students.

Examine receptivity and motivation to use/quit tobacco among college students after viewing Truth ads. Random sample of 10,000 college students invited to complete online survey February 2016 (8.5% response rate).

Support for Tobacco 21 in a Tobacco-Growing State.

This study investigated the association between sociodemographic characteristics and public attitudes toward Tobacco 21 laws. Through a random telephone survey in 2017, 1,675 Kentucky adults were asked if they favored/opposed increasing the minimum legal age to purchase tobacco products from 18 to 21 years of age. Over half (57.

Evaluation of Nicotine and the Components of e-Liquids Generated from e-Cigarette Aerosols.

Electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) deliver nicotine in an aerosol to the user that simulates the smoke of traditional cigarettes purportedly without the pathology of inhaling tobacco smoke due to the absence of combustion. Advanced versions of e-cigs enable the user to potentially moderate the concentration of drug in the aerosol by selecting from a range of voltages on the power supply. A method was developed to trap the aerosol produced by a KangerTech AeroTank, 1.

Perceived Synergistic Risk for Lung Cancer After Environmental Report-Back Study on Home Exposure to Tobacco Smoke and Radon.

Purpose: To examine the short-term impact of a personalized environmental report-back intervention to reduce home exposure to tobacco smoke and radon on perception of synergistic risk for lung cancer. Radon-induced lung cancer is more common among those exposed to tobacco smoke.

Design: Randomized controlled trial.

A Randomized Trial to Test Personalized Environmental Report Back to Reduce Lung Cancer Risk.

Background: More radon-related lung cancers occur among those exposed to tobacco smoke.

Objectives: To test the effects of a personalized environmental report back intervention on change in stage of action for air nicotine testing and adopting a smoke-free home and radon testing and mitigation from baseline to 3 months postintervention.

Methods: The study design used a two-arm parallel groups randomized controlled trial with stratified quota sampling.

Variation and Likeness in Ambient Artistic Portraiture.

An artist-led exploration of portrait accuracy and likeness involved 12 Artists producing 12 portraits referencing a life-size 3D print of the same Sitter. The works were assessed during a public exhibition, and the resulting likeness assessments were compared to portrait accuracy as measured using geometric morphometrics (statistical shape analysis). Our results are that, independently of the assessors' prior familiarity with the Sitter's face, the likeness judgements tended to be higher for less morphologically accurate portraits.

Intention to quit smoking and polytobacco use among college student smokers.

Little is known about polytobacco use in college students. One nationally representative survey indicated 51.3% of tobacco-using college students used more than one product, which may increase risk of tobacco-related disease and premature death.