Sequential observation of infant regulated and dysregulated behavior following soothing and stimulating maternal behavior during feeding.

Purpose: To describe maternal behaviors occurring before infant regulated or dysregulated behavior at three times in early infancy and examine behavioral patterns over time with their prematurely born infants.

Design And Methods: Video recordings of 37 dyads were coded on infant regulated and dysregulated behaviors following maternal soothing and stimulating behaviors.

Results: At each time, infants showed more regulation after maternal soothing than after maternal stimulating.

Furthering the understanding of parent-child relationships: a nursing scholarship review series. Part 5: parent-adolescent and teen parent-child relationships.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine nursing's contribution to understanding the parent-adolescent and the teen parent-child relationships.

Conclusion: Relationships between parents and adolescents may reflect turmoil and affect adolescents' health and development. The social and developmental contexts for teen parenting are powerful and may need strengthening.

Furthering the understanding of parent-child relationships: a nursing scholarship review series. Part 4: parent-child relationships at risk.

Purpose: The purpose of this integrative review is to synthesize nursing scholarship on parent-child relationships considered fragile because of parent-child's chronic condition or occurrence within a risky context.

Conclusions: Most reviewed studies demonstrated negative effects of risk conditions on parent-child relationships and documented importance of child, parent, and contextual variables. Studies were predominately single investigations.

Furthering the understanding of parent-child relationships: a nursing scholarship review series. Part 3: Interaction and the parent-child relationship--assessment and intervention studies.

Purpose: This integrative review concerns nursing research on parent-child interaction and relationships published from 1980 through 2008 and includes assessment and intervention studies in clinically important settings (e.g., feeding, teaching, play).

Furthering the understanding of parent-child relationships: a nursing scholarship review series. Part 2: Grasping the early parenting experience--the insider view.

Purpose: The purpose of this integrative review is to systematically and critically synthesize nursing scholarship on parents' perspectives of the parent-child relationship during infancy.

Conclusion: Research has shown that the process of establishing the parent-child relationship is highly individualized and complex. Numerous barriers and facilitators influencing this relationship have been identified that are relevant to nursing.

Furthering the understanding of parent-child relationships: a nursing scholarship review series. Part 1: Introduction.

Purpose: Understanding the parent-child relationship is fundamental to nursing of children and families. The purpose of this integrative review is to explore nursing scholarship published from 1980-2008 concerning parent-child relationships. Study approaches are examined, critiqued, and future directions for research identified.

Guiding mothers' management of health problems of very low birth-weight infants.

Objective: Explore the feasibility, usefulness, and outcomes of a pilot program to support mothers in developing competencies for managing health problems of their very low birth-weight (VLBW) infants in partnership with the primary care clinician (PCC).

Design: In a randomized study, mothers who received guided participation (GP) and printed guidelines for managing VLBW infant health problems were compared with mothers who received only the guidelines and standard care (GL group).

Sample: All mothers (GP = 20; GL = 11) were at least 18 years old and English speaking.