Discovery of novel bicyclic and tricyclic cyclohepta[b]thiophene derivatives as multipotent AChE and BChE inhibitors, in-Vivo and in-Vitro assays, ADMET and molecular docking simulation.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is primarily caused by oxidative stress, hyperphosphorylated τ-protein aggregation, and amyloid-β deposition. Changes in dopaminergic and serotoninergic neurotransmitter pathways are linked to certain symptoms of AD. Derivatives of bicyclic and tricyclic cyclohepta[b]thiophene were developed to identify new potential candidates as acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitors for the treatment of AD.

The potential anti-Alzheimer's activity of Oxalis corniculata Linn. Methanolic extract in experimental rats: Role of APOE4/LRP1, TLR4/NF-κβ/NLRP3, Wnt 3/β-catenin/GSK-3β, autophagy and apoptotic cues.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Oxalis corniculata (O. corniculata) is a member of Oxalidaceae family, widely distributed in Asia, Europe, America, and Africa, used extensively as food and its traditional folkloric uses include management of epilepsy, gastric disorders, and neurodegenerative diseases, together with its use in enhancing health. Numerous pharmacological benefits of O.

A mechanistic exploration of the metabolome of African mango seeds and its potential to alleviate cognitive impairment induced by high-fat/high-carbohydrate diets: Involvement of PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β/CREB, PERK/CHOP/Bcl-2, and AMPK/SIRT-1/mTOR Axes.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Irvingia gabonensis (Aubry-Lecomte ex O'Rorke) Baill., also known as "African mango" or "bush mango", belonging to family Irvingiaceae, has been mostly used as food and traditional medicine for weight loss and to enhance the health.

Aim Of The Study: The overconsumption of high-fat and high-carbohydrate (HFHC) food induces oxidative stress, leading to neurological and cognitive dysfunction.

In silico and in vivo analysis of the relationship between ADHD and social isolation in pups rat model: Implication of redox mechanisms, and the neuroprotective impact of Punicalagin.

Unlabelled: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has high incidence rate among children which may be due to excessive monosodium glutamate (MSG) consumption and social isolation (SI).

Aim: We aimed to explore the relationships between MSG, SI, and ADHD development and to evaluate the neuroprotective potential of Punicalagin (PUN).

Methods: Eighty male rat pups randomly distributed into eight groups.

Punicalagin's Protective Effects on Parkinson's Progression in Socially Isolated and Socialized Rats: Insights into Multifaceted Pathway.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a gradual deterioration of dopaminergic neurons, leading to motor impairments. Social isolation (SI), a recognized stressor, has recently gained attention as a potential influencing factor in the progress of neurodegenerative illnesses. We aimed to investigate the intricate relationship between SI and PD progression, both independently and in the presence of manganese chloride (MnCl), while evaluating the punicalagin (PUN) therapeutic effects, a natural compound established for its cytoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic activities.

Anti-Alzheimer Activity of Combinations of Cocoa with Vinpocetine or Other Nutraceuticals in Rat Model: Modulation of Wnt3/β-Catenin/GSK-3β/Nrf2/HO-1 and PERK/CHOP/Bcl-2 Pathways.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating illness with limited therapeutic interventions. The aim of this study is to investigate the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying AD and explore the potential neuroprotective effects of cocoa, either alone or in combination with other nutraceuticals, in an animal model of aluminum-induced AD. Rats were divided into nine groups: control, aluminum chloride (AlCl) alone, AlCl with cocoa alone, AlCl with vinpocetine (VIN), AlCl with epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), AlCl with coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), AlCl with wheatgrass (WG), AlCl with vitamin (Vit) B complex, and AlCl with a combination of Vit C, Vit E, and selenium (Se).

The protective effects of sesamol and/or the probiotic, , against aluminum chloride-induced neurotoxicity and hepatotoxicity in rats: Modulation of Wnt/β-catenin/GSK-3β, JAK-2/STAT-3, PPAR-γ, inflammatory, and apoptotic pathways.

Aluminium (Al) is accumulated in the brain causing neurotoxicity and neurodegenerative disease like Alzheimer's disease (AD), multiple sclerosis, autism and epilepsy. Hence, attenuation of Al-induced neurotoxicity has become a "hot topic" in looking for an intervention that slow down the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Our study aims to introduce a new strategy for hampering aluminum chloride (AlCl3)-induced neurotoxicity using a combination of sesamol with the probiotic bacteria; and also to test their possible ameliorative effects on AlCl-induced hepatotoxicity.

The consumption pattern and perception of using artificial sweeteners among the public in Tabuk region, Saudi Arabia.

Background: Obesity and weight gain have become major problems worldwide. Thus, several forms of alternative intense sweeteners are extensively used, offering a non-caloric sweet taste. To the best of our knowledge, no research has studied either the consumption pattern or the perception of using artificial sweeteners in Saudi Arabia.

Neuroprotective Effects of Some Nutraceuticals against Manganese-Induced Parkinson's Disease in Rats: Possible Modulatory Effects on TLR4/NLRP3/NF-κB, GSK-3β, Nrf2/HO-1, and Apoptotic Pathways.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder affecting the substantia nigra where functions controlling body movement take place. Manganese (Mn) overexposure is linked to a neurologic syndrome resembling PD. Sesamol, thymol, wheat grass (WG), and coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) are potent antioxidants, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic nutraceuticals.

The protective effect of thymoquinone or/and thymol against monosodium glutamate-induced attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)-like behavior in rats: Modulation of Nrf2/HO-1, TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3/caspase-1 and Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathways in rat model.

Both thymoquinone (TQ) and thymol (T) have been proved to possess a positive impact on human health. In this research, we aimed to investigate the effect of these compounds separately and together on the Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)-like behavior induced by monosodium glutamate (MSG) in rats. Forty male, Spargue Dawley rat pups (postnatal day 21), were randomly allocated into five groups: Normal saline (NS), MSG, MSG+TQ, MSG+T, and MSG+TQ+T.

Neuroprotective Effect of Morin Hydrate against Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Induced by MSG and/or Protein Malnutrition in Rat Pups: Effect on Oxidative/Monoamines/Inflammatory Balance and Apoptosis.

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is one of the most widely used food additives. However, it has been linked to protein malnutrition (PM) and various forms of toxicities such as metabolic disorders and neurotoxic effects. The current study is the first to explore the association between MSG, PM, and induced brain injury similar to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Neuroprotective Effects of Phytochemicals against Aluminum Chloride-Induced Alzheimer's Disease through ApoE4/LRP1, Wnt3/β-Catenin/GSK3β, and TLR4/NLRP3 Pathways with Physical and Mental Activities in a Rat Model.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that is associated with abnormal cognition. AD is aided in its initiation and progression by hereditary and environmental factors. Aluminum (Al) is a neurotoxic agent that causes oxidative stress, which is linked to AD progression.

Evaluating the neuroprotective activities of vinpocetine, punicalagin, niacin and vitamin E against behavioural and motor disabilities of manganese-induced Parkinson's disease in Sprague Dawley rats.

The current study investigated the neuroprotective activity of some drugs and nutriceuticals with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential on the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). Rats were categorized into seven groups: Rats received tween80 daily for 5 weeks as a control group, MnCl (10 mg/kg, i.p) either alone (group II) or in combination with vinpocetine (VIN) (20 mg/kg) (group III), punicalagin (PUN) (30 mg/kg) (group IV), niacin (85 mg/kg) (group V), vitamin E (Vit E) (100 mg/kg) (group VI) or their combination (group VII).

Melatonin and zinc supplements with physical and mental activities subside neurodegeneration and hepatorenal injury induced by aluminum chloride in rats: Inclusion of GSK-3β-Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Unlabelled: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an irreversible, progressive cognitive dysfunction. Inflammaging is the greatest common factor between AD and hepatorenal malfunction. This study aimed to use melatonin (MEL) and zinc sulfate (Zn) in addition to physical and mental activities (PMA) to ameliorate AlCl-induced AD as well as investigate their impact on the associated hepatorenal impairment.

Fluoxetine ameliorates Alzheimer's disease progression and prevents the exacerbation of cardiovascular dysfunction of socially isolated depressed rats through activation of Nrf2/HO-1 and hindering TLR4/NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathway.

Depression is a risk factor for Alzheimer's (AD) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Therefore, depression treatment restricts its deteriorating effects on mood, memory and CV system. Fluoxetine is the most widely used antidepressant drug, it has neuroprotective effect through its antioxidant/anti-inflammatory properties.

Attenuative Effects of Fluoxetine and against Aluminum-Induced Alzheimer's Disease in Rats: The Possible Consequences on Hepatotoxicity and Nephrotoxicity.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurological illness that causes considerable cognitive impairment. Hepatic and renal dysfunction may worsen AD by disrupting β-amyloid homeostasis at the periphery and by causing metabolic dysfunction. Wheatgrass (Triticum aestivum) has been shown to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

The influence of vinpocetine alone or in combination with Epigallocatechin-3-gallate, Coenzyme COQ10, Vitamin E and Selenium as a potential neuroprotective combination against aluminium-induced Alzheimer's disease in Wistar Albino Rats.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of such diseases that represent the most prominent cause of dementia in elderly people. To explore the possible neuroprotective effect as well as mechanism of action of Vinpocetine either alone or in combination with EGCG, CoQ10, or VE & Se in ameliorating aluminum chloride-induced AD in rats. Rats were received AlCl (70 mg/kg) intraperitoneal daily dose for 30 days along with EGCG (10 mg/kg, I.

Omega-3 Rich Oils Attenuate ADHD-Like Behaviour Induced by Dietary Monosodium Glutamate in Rats.

<b>Background and Objective:</b> Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by inattention, hyperactivity and cognitive dysfunction. The present study was designed to examine the possible modulatory effect of Fish, Walnuts or Fenugreek Oils against Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)-like Behavior induced by Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) in Rats. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> Fifty weaning rats were divided into five groups, (each group contain 10 rats) as follows: Group 1: Normal control rats were fed on a balanced diet.

Natural antioxidants enhance the power of physical and mental activities versus risk factors inducing progression of Alzheimer's disease in rats.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that is exacerbated by social isolation (SI) and protein malnutrition (PM). Antioxidants, physical and mental activities (Ph&M) can maintain cognitive functions and protect against dementia.

Objective: To investigate the impact of Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), Vitamin E (VE), Vitamin C (VC), and Selenium (Se), in enhancing the potential effect of Ph&M versus SI&PM as risk factors in the progression of AD in rats.

Vinpocetine mitigates aluminum-induced cognitive impairment in socially isolated rats.

Several reports have highlighted the role of vinpocetine in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the role of vinpocetine in AD under social isolation conditions has not yet been elucidated. Henceforth, this study aimed to investigate the potential neuroprotective effect of vinpocetine in aluminum-induced AD model associated with social isolation.