Intelligent decision support in medical triage: are people robust to biased advice?

Background: Intelligent artificial agents ('agents') have emerged in various domains of human society (healthcare, legal, social). Since using intelligent agents can lead to biases, a common proposed solution is to keep the human in the loop. Will this be enough to ensure unbiased decision making?

Methods: To address this question, an experimental testbed was developed in which a human participant and an agent collaboratively conduct triage on patients during a pandemic crisis.

Identifying Interaction Patterns of Tangible Co-Adaptations in Human-Robot Team Behaviors.

As robots become more ubiquitous, they will increasingly need to behave as our team partners and smoothly adapt to the (adaptive) human team behaviors to establish successful patterns of collaboration over time. A substantial amount of adaptations present themselves through subtle and unconscious interactions, which are difficult to observe. Our research aims to bring about that enables team learning.

Becoming Team Members: Identifying Interaction Patterns of Mutual Adaptation for Human-Robot Co-Learning.

Becoming a well-functioning team requires continuous collaborative learning by all team members. This is called , conceptualized in this paper as comprising two alternating iterative stages: partners adapting their behavior to the task and to each other (co-adaptation), and partners sustaining successful behavior through communication. This paper focuses on the first stage in human-robot teams, aiming at a method for the identification of recurring behaviors that indicate co-learning.

Moral Decision Making in Human-Agent Teams: Human Control and the Role of Explanations.

With the progress of Artificial Intelligence, intelligent agents are increasingly being deployed in tasks for which ethical guidelines and moral values apply. As artificial agents do not have a legal position, humans should be held accountable if actions do not comply, implying humans need to exercise control. This is often labeled as (MHC).

Long-term care use and socio-economic status in Belgium: a survival analysis using health care insurance data.

Background: The small but growing literature on socio-economic inequality in morbidity among older persons suggests that social inequalities in health persist into old age. A largely separate body of literature looks at the predictors of long-term care use, in particular of institutional care. Various measures of socio-economic status are often included as control variables in these studies.

Transitions in formal and informal care utilisation amongst older Europeans: the impact of national contexts.

The objective of this study was to explore how long-term care systems, and in particular the incorporation of needs-based entitlements to care services or benefits, influence formal and informal care utilisation dynamics. We used the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) wave 1 and 2 data, restricting the sample to persons 65+ from 9 European countries ( = 6,293). The effects of changes in health and household composition on formal and informal care transitions were estimated using logistic regression, allowing these effects to vary across countries.

Like mother, like daughter? Mother's history of cervical cancer screening and daughter's Human Papillomavirus vaccine uptake in Flanders (Belgium).

Objective: We investigated whether and to what extent the uptake of the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine by girls aged 12-18 was related to the cervical cancer screening history of age-appropriate older female household members (assumed to be their mothers) in Flanders (Belgium).

Methods: We studied administrative records on 127,854 female members of the National Alliance of Christian Mutualities, which is the largest health insurance fund in Flanders. Reimbursement data for HPV vaccination of girls for the period 2007-2009 were linked with reimbursement data for cervical cancer screening of their mothers in the three preceding years.

The effects of critical thinking instruction on training complex decision making.

Objective: Two field studies assessed the effects of critical thinking instruction on training and transfer of a complex decision-making skill.

Background: Critical thinking instruction is based on studies of how experienced decision makers approach complex problems.

Method: Participants conducted scenario-based exercises in both simplified (Study I) and high-fidelity (Study 2) training environments.