Synthesis of hydroxyapatite from eggshells wet chemical precipitation: a review.

In conjunction with the global trend towards sustainable industry, this review provides a summary of the research endeavors and efforts made in the field of exploiting eggshells in the production of hydroxyapatite (HA). HA is one of the most used biomaterials and has attracted considerable attention over the years towards biomedical applications. As the traditional production of HA from calcium and phosphorus chemical precursors synthetically has bottlenecks of being expensive, complex, time consuming, and results in a low biocompatible product, natural resources have become an attractive alternative option to synthesize HA, with trace elements providing a higher performance.

Purification and characterization of α-galactosidase isolated from Klebsiella pneumoniae in the human oral cavity.

The enzyme α-Galactosidase (α-D-galactoside galactohydrolase [EC 3.2.1.

Supraorbital artery: Anatomical variations and neurosurgical applications.

Background: The supraorbital artery (SOA) originates from the ophthalmic artery in a superomedial aspect of the orbit, exiting through the supraorbital groove to emerge onto the forehead. The SOA has important neurosurgical considerations regarding different approaches and bypasses. The SOA is poorly described in the standard anatomical textbooks.

Opioid growth factor receptor: Anatomical distribution and receptor colocalization in neurons of the adult mouse brain.

The opioid growth factor (OGF) is an endogenous peptide that binds to the nuclear-associated receptor (OGFr), and plays a significant role in the proliferation of developing, renewing, and healing tissues. The receptor is widely expressed in a variety of organs, however its distribution in the brain remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the distribution of OGFr in different brain regions of male heterozygous (-/+ Lepr /J), non -diabetic mice and determined the localization of the receptor in three major brain cell types, astrocytes, microglia, and neurons.

Analysis of modern circulation industry development level using industrial structure mechanism.

This study focuses on China's industrial transformation and urban income inequality. It is shown that between 2011 and 2020, improvements in China's industrial structure have a significant positive influence on lowering income gaps between urban and rural areas when used in conjunction with the empirical research approach. The mechanical study shows that the urban population impacts this causation.

Brown-Sequard syndrome associated with a spinal cord injury caused by a retained screwdriver: A case report and literature review.

Background: Nonmissile penetrating spine injury (NMPSI) represents a small percent of spinal cord injuries (SCIs), estimated at 0.8% in Western countries. Regarding the causes, an NMPSI injury caused by a screwdriver is rare.

CNN-Based Cross-Modal Residual Network for Image Synthesis.

This study attempts to address the issue that present cross-modal image synthesis algorithms do not capture the spatial and structural information of human tissues effectively. As a consequence, the resulting photos include flaws including fuzzy edges and a poor signal-to-noise ratio. The authors offer a cross-sectional technique that combines residual modules with generative adversarial networks.

Assessment of the Risk of Breast Cancer Development Applying NCI Tool among Iraqi Women.

Objective: As part of the bioinformatics studies, we utilized National Cancer Institute (NCI)'s Breast Cancer Risk Assessment Tool to estimate the five-year period and lifetime risk of breast cancer development among Iraqi risky women.

Methods: Totally, 110 risky women aged 21-67 (mean=36±7.4) years were interviewed by a series of questions regarding the risk of breast cancer development.

Case Report: Energy- and Nutrient-Dense Formula for Growth Faltering: A Report of Two Cases From India.

Infants hospitalized for critical illnesses are at a high risk of undernutrition because of increased nutrient requirements (due to increased metabolism) and decreased nutrient intake (due to disease-related problems such as anorexia or feeding difficulties). This can result in a slowing down of their normal growth, referred to as "growth faltering." Appropriate nutritional management of these infants is extremely important to avoid long-term adverse outcomes.

Validity of a Novel Chicken and Porcine Model for Laparoscopic Neobladder Reconstruction.

Simulation-based training in laparoscopic urology is essential, as these surgeries require a skill set different from routine urologic procedures. We aim to describe and validate the chicken and porcine intestine model for laparoscopic neobladder reconstruction. Prospective observational study was conducted at our institute.

Resistin hormone in diabetic kidney disease and its relation to iron status and hepcidin.

Background: Resistin, a potent adipocyte-secreted hormone, may contribute to and modulate iron status and hepcidin level in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD).

Context: The cross-sectional study aimed to determine the possible role of resistin in the iron status pathway in patients with NIDDM and ESRD events are sparse with conflicting results.

Methods: A total of 130 patients and 42 healthy subjects were included in the study and grouped into four none obese groups with normal C-reactive protein (CRP) level: Group 1 (control), Group 2 (NIDDM), Group 3 (ESRD on hemodialysis), and Group 4 (NIDDM + ESRD on hemodialysis).

Behçet's disease in Iraq: new insights into the clinical and epidemiologic features in Middle-Euphrates region.

: Behçet's disease (BD) is a chronic multisystem disease that is classified as a vasculitis. Recent evidence shows that BD is an inflammatory disease at the crossroad between autoinflammatory and autoimmune syndromes. The objective of this study was to determine BD awareness in Iraq, assess the demographic variables, and observe the initial and major clinical manifestations.

Fast-track Protocol versus Conventional Protocol on Patient Outcome: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: The aim of this study is to compare fast-track methodology with traditional methods of surgical care in achieving better patient outcome, and ensuring a timely discharge from the hospital, and also note the factors that are responsible for a delayed discharge from the hospital.

Materials And Methods: One hundred patients undergoing elective surgeries were randomly allocated into fast-track and traditional protocol of perioperative care. Patients who underwent fast-track protocol (FTP) were started on early oral feeding and were encouraged for early discharge, while the others were made to follow the traditional method of recovery.

Pseudoangiomatous Stromal Hyperplasia: A Rare Cause of Breast Lump in a Premenopausal Female.

Pseudoangiomatous Stromal Hyperplasia (PASH) of the breast is a rare benign proliferating breast condition. We report a case of a 26-year-old female who was being worked up for infertility and was incidentally noted to have a well defined lump in the left breast. Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) and core needle biopsy of the lump were suggestive of benign breast disease.

Effects of some dietary crude plant extracts on the growth and gonadal maturity of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and their resistance to Streptococcus agalactiae infection.

A 90-day feeding trial was conducted on the growth performance, feeding efficacy, body indices, various hematological and plasma biochemical parameters, and histopathological examination of the gonads from male and female Nile tilapia fingerlings when fed different crude plant extracts from Cinnamomum camphora, Euphorbia hirta, Azadirachta indica, or Carica papaya at 2 g kg(-1) compared to a control diet. This was followed by a 14-day challenge to Streptococcus agalactiae. All treatments were triplicated, and each treatment consisted of 30 fish.