Negative Beliefs About Working with Health Problems and Support at Work as Predictors for Return to Work for People Struggling with Common Mental Disorders.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate predictors for return to work for people struggling with common mental disorders on sick leave or at risk of sick leave. The first aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of a set of statements exploring different conditions at the workplace and assumptions about working with health problems, by investigating the factor structure, reliability and construct validity of these statements. The second aim of this study was to investigate the predictive value of the identified factors.

Metacognitive therapy for generalized anxiety disorders in group: A case study.

Objectives: In Metacognitive therapy (MCT), homework is used, for example, to increase awareness of thoughts and thought processes, to challenge metacognitive beliefs in real-life situations, and to practice new ways of processing thoughts, feelings, and symptoms. All MCT treatment manuals include homework assignments to be given between each session.

Method: The following study provides a detailed description of the implementation of homework in a group-based MCT treatment for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) at an outpatient clinic in Norway.

Responsiveness to change in health status of the EQ-5D in patients treated for depression and anxiety.

Background: The EQ-5D is a commonly used generic measure of health but evidence on its responsiveness to change in mental health is limited. This study aimed to explore the responsiveness of the five-level version of the instrument, the EQ-5D-5 L, in patients receiving treatment for depression and anxiety.

Methods: Patient data (N = 416) were collected at baseline and at end of treatment in an observational study in a Norwegian outpatient clinic.

The effect of attention bias modification on depressive symptoms in a comorbid sample: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Studies investigating the long-term effect of attention bias modification (ABM) in clinical samples are lacking. This study investigates the 6-months follow-up effect of ABM on depressive symptoms in participant with major depressive disorder with and without comorbid disorders.

Methods: We conducted a double-blind randomized sham-controlled trial in 101 participants between 19 November 2019, and 17 August 2021.

Healing the wounds of workplace bullying: Evaluating mental health and workplace participation among victims seeking treatment for common mental disorders.

Background: Victims of workplace bullying represent a group characterised by severe negative health complaints at risk of losing their foothold in working life. To date, very few studies have investigated the effect of psychological treatment of the health-related problems often facing victims of bullying.

Objective: The aim was to investigate if victims of workplace bullying suffering from common mental disorders (CMD) benefit from clinical treatment for their mental health problems at an outpatient clinic treating patients using Metacognitive or Cognitive Behavioural Therapy with work-focus.

ANT-DBS in epilepsy shows no effect on selected neuropsychiatric tests.

Objectives: Deep brain stimulation of the anterior thalamic nucleus (ANT-DBS) is an established option in treatment-resistant epilepsy and obtained FDA approval in 2018. Increased psychiatric comorbidity is well known in epilepsy. The main objective of this study was to investigate possible neuropsychiatric treatment-related changes in patients receiving ANT-DBS.

Changes in depression domains as predictors of return to work in common mental disorders.

Background: Depression highly impairs function and reduces quality of life. Therefore, both symptomatic and functional recovery are important treatment goals. Depression consists of several cognitive, somatic, and affective symptom factors that differently affect function.

Quality of clinical management of cardiometabolic risk factors in patients with severe mental illness in a specialist mental health care setting.

Purpose: Cardiometabolic disease in patients with severe mental illness is a major cause of shortened life expectancy. There is sparse evidence of real-world clinical risk prevention practice. We investigated levels of assessments of cardiometabolic risk factors and risk management interventions in patients with severe mental illness in the Norwegian mental health service according to an acknowledged international standard.

Metacognitive therapy and work-focused interventions for patients on sick leave due to anxiety and depression: study protocol for a randomised controlled wait-list trial.

Background: Common mental disorders such as depression and anxiety are major contributors to the global burden of disease. Affected individuals suffer reduced quality of life, impaired functioning and reduced capacity to work. Maintaining employment is an important determinant for health and wellbeing, and the economic impact of depression and anxiety is a significant societal expense.

Self-Reported Health in Patients on or at Risk of Sick Leave Due to Depression and Anxiety: Validity of the EQ-5D.

The EQ-5D is a generic, self-report measure of health that is increasingly used in clinical settings, including mental health. The EQ-5D captures health using five dimensions: Mobility, Self-care, Usual activities, Pain/discomfort, and Anxiety/Depression. The validity of the EQ-5D is previously unexplored in patients on or at risk of sick leave due to depression and anxiety.

Sick leave and return to work for patients with anxiety and depression: a longitudinal study of trajectories before, during and after work-focused treatment.

Objectives: Sick leave due to anxiety and depression is a heterogeneous process constituting a pressing public health issue. This longitudinal study aimed to identify sick leave trajectories among patients before, during and after work-focused treatment, in all 29.5 months.

The Return-to-Work Self-efficacy Questionnaire (RTW-SE): A Validation Study of Predictive Abilities and Cut-off Values for Patients on Sick Leave Due to Anxiety or Depression.

Purpose This study aimed to evaluate the validity of the Return-to-Work Self-efficacy Questionnaire (RTW-SE) in a Norwegian sample of patients with common mental disorders. The secondary aim was to provide validated cut-off scores for the RTW-SE. Methods Among patients receiving work-focused therapy (N = 626), the RTW-SE was measured pre-and post-treatment, and work status was assessed up to one-year post-treatment.

Exposure to bullying behaviours, resilience, and return to work self-efficacy in patients on or at risk of sick leave.

The study investigated relationships between exposure to bullying behaviours, return to work self-efficacy (RTW-SE) and resilience, and if resilience moderates the bullying-RTW-SE relationship among patients on sick leave or at risk of sick leave due to common mental disorders (CMD). A sample of 675 patients treated in an outpatient clinic was analysed using regressions and moderation analyses by employing SPSS and the Process macro SPSS supplement. The results showed a negative relationship between exposure to bullying behaviours and RTW-SE.

Clinical Characteristics of Patients Seeking Treatment for Common Mental Disorders Presenting With Workplace Bullying Experiences.

Background: Targets of workplace bullying tend to develop severe mental health complaints, having increased risk of sick leave and expulsion from the workplace. Hence, these individuals are likely to be overrepresented among patients seeking treatment for common mental disorders (CMD). This study investigated the prevalence of exposure to workplace bullying in a patient group seeking treatment for CMD.

Work-focused therapy for common mental disorders: A naturalistic study comparing an intervention group with a waitlist control group.

Background: Common mental disorders (CMD) are leading causes of sickness absence. Treatments for CMD that both reduce symptoms and support work participation urgently need to be developed.

Objective: Determine the potential effects of work-focused therapy combining work interventions with either meta cognitive therapy or cognitive behavioural therapy (W-MCT/CBT) for patients with CMD on sick leave.

Coercive mental health care - dilemmas in the decision-making process.

Background: The use of coercive mental healthcare contravenes the principle of voluntary examination and treatment. However, it should be possible for persons at acute risk to receive imperative health assistance.

Material And Method: After evaluating 37 emergency interviews in psychiatric outpatient clinics where the use of coercive mental health care was considered, interviews were conducted with emergency assistance staff.

Vitamin D, Folate and the Intracranial Volume in Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder and Healthy Controls.

Vitamin D and folate deficiency are considered risk factors for schizophrenia and bipolar disorders, but it is unknown how vitamin D and folate influence the growing brain, cranium or the clinical phenotype. Serum vitamin D and folate levels are in part genetically regulated. We investigated whether adult vitamin D and folate levels are associated with the intracranial volume (ICV) under the hypothesis that developmental vitamin D or folate levels influence neurodevelopment and that current levels are associated with ICV.

Cortical thickness abnormalities in bipolar disorder patients with a lifetime history of auditory hallucinations.

Objectives: We aimed to investigate morphometric correlates of auditory hallucinations in bipolar disorder (BD) by comparing cortical thickness and cortical surface area in bipolar disorder patients with (BD+) and without (BD-) a lifetime history of auditory hallucinations. Based on previous findings in schizophrenia patients, we hypothesized that the cortex would be thinner in the auditory cortex in BD+ compared to BD-.

Methods: Bipolar disorder spectrum (n = 157) patients and healthy controls (n = 279) underwent 1.

Auditory Cortex Characteristics in Schizophrenia: Associations With Auditory Hallucinations.

Background: Neuroimaging studies have demonstrated associations between smaller auditory cortex volume and auditory hallucinations (AH) in schizophrenia. Reduced cortical volume can result from a reduction of either cortical thickness or cortical surface area, which may reflect different neuropathology. We investigate for the first time how thickness and surface area of the auditory cortex relate to AH in a large sample of schizophrenia spectrum patients.

The impact of early cytomegalovirus infection after kidney transplantation on long-term graft and patient survival.

This prospective observational cohort study is an extension of a previous study reporting effects of cytomegalovirus (CMV) on graft and patient survival in 471 patients who underwent kidney transplantation between 1994 and 1997. CMV pp65 antigen was measured every 7-14 d during the first three months after transplantation, given as number of CMV pp65-positive cells per 10(5) leukocytes. A positive test was defined as CMV infection.

A heparin-coated dialysis filter (AN69 ST) does not reduce clotting during hemodialysis when compared to a conventional polysulfone filter (F×8).

Background: We investigated whether the heparin-coated AN69 ST hemodialysis (HD) filter induced less hypercoagulability during HD than a conventional polysulfone filter (F×8).

Methods: In a crossover design, 11 patients were treated alternately with AN69 ST and F×8 filters (45 sessions). All filters were primed with unfractionated heparin (UFH) and unadsorbed UFH was removed by saline flushing.

Intermittent saline flushes during haemodialysis do not alleviate coagulation and clot formation in stable patients receiving reduced doses of dalteparin.

Background: Heparin-free haemodialysis (HD) with intermittent saline flushes (ISF) in patients with bleeding risk is widely used. The aim of this study was to investigate if ISF reduce coagulation and clotting in stable patients receiving reduced doses of dalteparin.

Methods: Inclusion criteria were stable chronic HD patients >or=18 years of age and haemoglobin >or=11 g/dl.

Impact of early cytomegalovirus infection and disease on long-term recipient and kidney graft survival.

Background: The impact of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection and disease on long-term outcome after kidney transplantation is still unsettled.

Methods: Between 1994 and 1997, 397 consecutive first kidney graft recipients and 74 retransplants were included in the study and followed prospectively until December 31, 2001. CMV infection (CMV pp65 antigenemia) and CMV disease were recorded once weekly during the first 100 days after transplantation.