Echocardiographic Findings in Children with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome from Initial Presentation to the First Years after Discharge.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate clinical and echocardiographic features of the children diag- nosed with multisystem inflammatory syndrome related to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infection and determine early and mid-term cardiovascular outcomes.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 38 children who were diagnosed with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in our hospital between November 2020 and November 2021. Cardiovascular evaluations were performed during hospitalization, at the first, the second, and the third months after discharge, and then cardiac evaluation was repeated at 3-month intervals until a median of 24 weeks (range: 9-56 weeks).

A newborn with aortico-left ventricular tunnel mimicking sinus of valsalva aneurysm.

Aortico-left ventricular tunnel (ALVT) is a rare congenital cardiac anomaly and constitutes less than 0.1% of all congenital cardiac defects (1). ALVT is described as an abnormal connection between the ascending aorta and the left ventricle which originates commonly above the right sinus of valsalva.

Evaluation of left ventricular functions with two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography (2D-STE) and N-terminal ProBNP in diabetic children.

Şimşek A, Turan Ö, Çiftel M, Kardelen F, Durmaz E, Özdem S, Akçurin G, Ertuğ H. Evaluation of left ventricular functions with twodimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography (2D-STE) and N-terminal ProBNP in diabetic children. Turk J Pediatr 2018; 60: 633-641.

Premature Coronary Artery Disease due to Homozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia in a 12-Year-Old Girl.

Background: Homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia is a rare inherited metabolic disease caused by low-density lipoprotein receptor abnormality. Patients with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia have an increased risk of cardiovascular complication that usually occurs in the first decade of life. Here, we report a 12-year-old girl with an unpredicted presentation for coronary artery disease and found to have homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia.

Assessment of left ventricular function by tissue Doppler echocardiography in pediatric chronic kidney disease.

Background: Cardiovascular (CV) disease remains the most common cause of mortality in chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 43 pediatric patients with CKD were divided into two groups according to their estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR): groups 1 and 2 (eGR; 29-75 and 15-29 mL/min/1.73 m(2), respectively).

Cardiac Autonomic Dysfunction in Patients With Infantile Spasm and the Effect of Adrenocorticotropic Hormone Treatment.

Infantile spasm is an age-dependent epileptic-encephalopathy syndrome. Cardiac autonomic function is frequently altered in epilepsy. In this study, we examined heart rate variability in patients with infantile spasm before and after treatment.

Assessment of atrial electromechanical delay using tissue Doppler echocardiography in children with asthma.

Right ventricular (RV) dysfunction, pulmonary hypertension, atrial enlargement, and cor pulmonale may be associated with asthma. These pathological conditions may disturb the electrophysiological properties of the right atrium. This study investigated the atrial electromechanical delay and P-wave dispersion (PWD) in patients with asthma.

Investigation of endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffness in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus and the association with diastolic dysfunction.

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate endothelial dysfunction (ED) and arterial stiffness (AS) and determine the association with diastolic dysfunction in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM).

Methods: A total of 42 patients without diabetic complications (mean age: 13.21 years) and 40 healthy (mean age: 13.

Chest pain with myocardial ischemia in a child: should we think about coronary slow flow phenomenon?

The coronary slow flow phenomenon (CSFP) is an angiographic finding characterized by delayed opacification of epicardial coronary arteries in the absence of stenotic lesion. Herein, we present a 13-year-old boy with recurrent chest pain who was diagnosed with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction associated with CSFP, which has not been reported previously in the pediatric age group. Coronary angiography revealed only the presence of slow flow in the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery.

Possible autosomal recessive inheritance in an infant with acrofacial dysostosis similar to Nager syndrome.

The acrofacial dysostosis syndromes, which are characterized by malformations of the craniofacial region and limbs, are a clinically heterogeneous group of disorders. Based primarily on the of the pattern of limb defects two major groups have emerged: Nager syndrome with predominantly preaxial malformations plus mandibulofacial dysostosis (severe micrognathia and malar hypoplasia) and Miller syndrome with postaxial malformations plus mandibulofacial dysostosis. Among these syndromes, Nager syndrome is a rare condition but the most common form of acrofacial dysostosis.

Assessment of early-onset chronic progressive anthracycline cardiotoxicity in children: different response patterns of right and left ventricles.

We aimed to assess early-onset chronic progressive cardiotoxicity in the left and right ventricles with increasing cumulative anthracycline doses. We evaluated 72 patients within the first year after doxorubicin and/or daunorubicin treatment (median 1.3 months; range 0.

Carotid intima media thickness and arterial stiffness in children with acute rheumatic fever.

Acute rheumatic fever (ARF) and rheumatic heart disease (RHD) constitute important public health problems in developing countries. Inflammation is present both in the early and late stages of the diseases. Chronic inflammation is known to be associated with atherosclerosis.

The efficacy of cardiac findings in assessing the outcome in preterms with bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

Objectives: To evaluate if cardiac dysfunctions are important in assessing the outcome in newborns with Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD), by evaluating cardiac functions with N-terminal prohormone of brain natriüretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels, M-mode and tissue doppler echocardiography at 6-12 mo of age.

Methods: Twenty eight patients were retrospectively classified as mild, moderate and severe according to the diagnostic criterias for BPD. All cases were assessed with standard M-mode, tissue doppler echocardiography and NT-proBNP levels.

Facial nerve palsy and Kawasaki disease.

Kawasaki Disease (KD) is a vasculitic disease and can affect any organ system in the body. The development of coronary artery aneurysms is the most common and life threatening complication of KD and makes this disease the leading cause of acquired heart disease in children in the developed world. Facial nerve palsy has been reported as a possible marker of more severe disease and increased risk of coronary artery involvement in KD.

Assessment of atrial electromechanical delay in children with acute rheumatic fever.

Purpose: There may be an increase in the risk of atrial arrhythmia due to left atrial enlargement and the influence on conduction system in acute rheumatic fever. The aim of this study is to investigate atrial electromechanical delay and P-wave dispersion in patients with acute rheumatic fever.

Patients: A total of 48 patients diagnosed with acute rheumatic fever and 40 volunteers of similar age, sex, and body mass index were included in the study.

Endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis in children with irreversible pulmonary hypertension due to congenital heart disease.

Objective: To assess endothelial dysfunction and the risk for coronary atherosclerosis in children with irreversible pulmonary hypertension due to congenital heart disease (CHD).

Methods: The study included 18 cyanotic patients (the mean age was 12.28 ± 3.

Can troponin T levels be useful in the diagnosis of rheumatic carditis?

Objective: Acute rheumatic fever (ARF) is an endemic disease observed in children of developing countries. The purpose of this study was to test if it was possible to identify myocardial involvement in cases with rheumatic carditis by the measurement of serum cardiac TnT.

Methods: 30 patients diagnosed as ARF underwent echocardiography and their cardiac troponin T (cTnT) serum levels were measured.

Prenatal diagnosis of mobile flap-like tissue on the ventricular septal defect in a newborn with trisomy 18.

Trisomy 18 is the second most common autosomal trisomy in liveborn infants. Various congenital malformations, mental retardation, and high rate of infant mortality in the first year of life are characteristic features of trisomy 18. Congenital heart disease occurs in over 90% of these patients and the most common cardiac lesions are ventricular septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus and atrial septal defect.

Congenital subclavian steal syndrome associated with heterotaxy syndrome and atrioventricular septal defect.

An infant under follow-up evaluation since the fetal stage was detected to have subclavian steal syndrome (SSS) associated with heterotaxy syndrome and atrioventricular septal defect. Such a complex association has not been reported previously. Congenital SSS occurs as a result of a subclavian artery originating from the main pulmonary artery through the ductus instead of the aortic arch.

Evaluation of congenital heart diseases and thyroid abnormalities in children with Down syndrome.

Objective: Congenital heart disease (CHD) associated with thyroid disease has been reported in Down syndrome (DS). The purpose of this work was to assess abnormalities of the thyroid in relation to the frequency and type of CHD on admission among children with DS.

Methods: This retrospective study included 187 children with DS between August 1993- December 2005.

Neutrophil oxidative metabolism in Down syndrome patients with congenital heart defects.

Down syndrome (DS) occurs when an individual has three, rather than two, copies of the 21st chromosome. Cytosolic superoxide dismutase (SOD-1) is encoded by a gene on chromosome 21 and thus, SOD-1 activity is elevated in patients with DS. Forty percent of all cases with DS are associated with congenital heart defects (CHD).