Regeneration of Rabbit Auricular Cartilage After the Intravenous Stem Cell Injection.

Background: The restoration of auricular cartilage is a major problem of otolaryngology. The low regenerative capacity of cartilage requires alternative approaches such as cell and tissue engineering. Stem cells are one of the ways to repair auricular cartilage damages.

Time to Reperfusion and Treatment Effect for Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Intra-arterial treatment (IAT) for acute ischemic stroke caused by intracranial arterial occlusion leads to improved functional outcome in patients treated within 6 hours after onset. The influence of treatment delay on treatment effect is not yet known.

Objective: To evaluate the influence of time from stroke onset to the start of treatment and from stroke onset to reperfusion on the effect of IAT.

A randomized trial of intraarterial treatment for acute ischemic stroke.

Background: In patients with acute ischemic stroke caused by a proximal intracranial arterial occlusion, intraarterial treatment is highly effective for emergency revascularization. However, proof of a beneficial effect on functional outcome is lacking.

Methods: We randomly assigned eligible patients to either intraarterial treatment plus usual care or usual care alone.

Need for prolonged immunosupressive therapy in CLIPPERS--a case report.

Background: Chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids (CLIPPERS) was first described in 2010 by Pittock and colleagues. All reported patients presented with diplopia and gait ataxia and had similar typical MRI findings with punctuate gadolinium enhancement of the pons. Alternative diagnoses were excluded by means of laboratory, radiological and histological tests.

Lesional magnetization transfer ratio: a feasible outcome for remyelinating treatment trials in multiple sclerosis.

Magnetization transfer ratio (MTR) is a sensitive parameter to quantify the integrity of myelinated white matter in patients with multiple sclerosis. Lesional MTR decreases in the acute phase due to demyelination, and subsequently shows recovery depending on the degree of remyelination in the absence of axonal loss. Recovery of average lesion MTR therefore might prove a viable outcome measure to assess the effect of remyelinating agents.

Accelerating regional atrophy rates in the progression from normal aging to Alzheimer's disease.

We investigated progression of atrophy in vivo, in Alzheimer's disease (AD), and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). We included 64 patients with AD, 44 with MCI and 34 controls with serial MRI examinations (interval 1.8 ± 0.

Whole-brain atrophy rate and cognitive decline: longitudinal MR study of memory clinic patients.

Purpose: To prospectively determine whole-brain atrophy rate in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer disease (AD) and its association with cognitive decline, and investigate the risk of progression to dementia in initially nondemented patients given baseline brain volume and whole-brain atrophy rate.

Materials And Methods: This study was IRB approved; written informed consent was obtained; and included 65 AD patients (38 women, 27 men; age, 52-81 years), 45 MCI patients (22 women, 23 men; age, 56-80 years), 27 patients with subjective complaints (12 women, 15 men; age, 50-87 years), and 10 healthy controls (six women, four men; age, 53-80 years). Two magnetic resonance (MR) images were acquired at average interval of 1.

Amnestic mild cognitive impairment: structural MR imaging findings predictive of conversion to Alzheimer disease.

Background And Purpose: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is considered by many to be a prodromal phase of Alzheimer disease (AD). We used voxel-based morphometry (VBM) to find out whether structural differences on MR imaging could offer insight into the development of clinical AD in patients with amnestic MCI at 3-year follow-up.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-four amnestic patients with MCI were included.

Precuneus atrophy in early-onset Alzheimer's disease: a morphometric structural MRI study.

Introduction: Alzheimer's disease (AD) usually first presents in elderly patients, but may also develop at an earlier age. Patients with an early age at onset tend to present with complaints other than memory impairment, such as visuospatial problems or apraxia, which may reflect a different distribution of cortical involvement. In this study we set out to investigate whether age at onset in patients with AD determines the pattern of atrophy on cerebral MRI scans.

Global and local gray matter loss in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease.

Purpose: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is thought to be the prodromal phase to Alzheimer's disease (AD). We analyzed patterns of gray matter (GM) loss to examine what characterizes MCI and what determines the difference with AD.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-three subjects with AD, 14 normal elderly controls (NCLR), and 22 amnestic MCI subjects were included and underwent brain MR imaging.

Operational definitions for the NINDS-AIREN criteria for vascular dementia: an interobserver study.

Background And Purpose: Vascular dementia (VaD) is thought to be the most common cause of dementia after Alzheimer's disease. The commonly used International Workshop of the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) and the Association Internationale pour la Recherche et l'Enseignement en Neurosciences (AIREN) criteria for VaD necessitate evidence of vascular disease on CT or MRI of the brain. The purposes of our study were to operationalize the radiological part of the NINDS-AIREN criteria and to assess the effect of this operationalization on interobserver agreement.

A comprehensive study of gray matter loss in patients with Alzheimer's disease using optimized voxel-based morphometry.

Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) has already been applied to MRI scans of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). The results of these studies demonstrated atrophy of the hippocampus, temporal pole, and insula, but did not describe any global brain changes or atrophy of deep cerebral structures. We propose an optimized VBM method, which accounts for these shortcomings.

Patterns of cerebral atrophy in dementia with Lewy bodies using voxel-based morphometry.

Previous cross-sectional MRI studies based on region-of-interest analyses have shown that increased cerebral atrophy is a feature of both Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Relative preservation of the hippocampus and temporal lobe structures in DLB compared to AD has been reported in region-of-interest-based studies. Recently, image processing techniques such as voxel-based morphometry (VBM) have been developed to provide an unbiased, visually informative, and comprehensive means of studying patterns of cerebral atrophy.

T1 hypointensities and axonal loss.

T1 hypointensities are lesions that are hypointense on moderately T1-weighted conventional spin-echo sequences and serve as markers of matrix destruction and axonal loss. They correlate better with clinical disability than T2-weighted images, are found in patients with progressive multiple sclerosis, and can be used as surrogate outcome measures in treatment trials.

Factor V leiden and prothrombin G20210A mutations, but not methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T, are associated with recurrent miscarriages.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between recurrent miscarriages and factor V Leiden, prothrombin G20210A and C677T methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) mutations. In this case-control study the prevalence of factor V Leiden, prothrombin G20210A and C677T methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase mutations was determined in a consecutive series of 80 recurrent miscarriage patients and 100 controls. Fifteen of 80 recurrent miscarriage patients and four out of 100 controls carried the factor V Leiden mutation (19 versus 4%, P = 0.

[Use of various bibliometric methods in operative evaluation of research activities of the research institutions of medico- biological profile].

Based on the analysis of the indices accepted for the evaluation of scientific work in research institutes, a suggestion was proposed that the putative instead of realized value of the scientific product should be evaluated. This implies employment of such bibliometric techniques of analysis of the volume and quality of the used information as: total number of references in scientific works, reference to the most recent publications and foreign sources, and the interdisciplinary index rated according to the subject-relation of the cited works. Studies of selected indices based on the analysis of one-year scientific journal publications and of manuscripts sent for print, as well as of reports made by the Kiev Research Institute of Otorhinolaryngology of UkrSSR Ministry of Health and by the Research Institute of Hematology of BSSR Ministry of Health, paralleled with a comprehensive consideration of the reference peculiarities and expert evaluation of the scientific material proper, allowed for making a conclusion on the importance of the role played by the bibliometric data in making the expert formal and objective and in operative evaluation of the activity of scientific communities and/or trends.

[Treatment of suppurative-necrotic foot lesions in diabetes mellitus].

On the basis of observation of 103 patients with diabetes mellitus who had angiopathy complicated by pyo-necrotic lesion of the foot, the authors give recommendations on the most effective complex treatment aimed at normalization of carbohydrate metabolism, reduction of intoxication and degree of metabolic disorders which allowed the amount of amputations to be reduced to 28.1%.

[Histochemistry of proteins and their functionally active groups in the skin of the neck and mucous membrane of the oral cavity of white rats in the zone exposed to a helium-neon laser].

The author made experiments on 49 white rats exposing their cervical skin ano oral cavity mucous membrane to the irradiation beam of a 40 mvt helium-neon laser (lambda 6328A) during 10-15 minutes. The reactive capacity of proteins was found to have intensified and the content of functionally active groups, especially SH. to have increased as well as well as the activity of the cytochromozydase.

Deldrin toxicity and successive discrimation reversal in squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus).

Seven squirrel monkeys were systematically exposed to dieldrin (C12H10DC16) at two oral doses: 0.10 and 0.01 mg/kg-day.