Long-term Impact of Continuous Glucose Monitoring Assistance on Glycemic Control in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Following the 2023 Kahramanmaraş Earthquake.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) assistance on glycemic control in children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) in earthquake-affected regions, comparing those who benefited from CGM with those who did not. Additionally, the study assessed changes in CGM metrics over nine months of CGM use.

Methods: A multicenter, cross-sectional study was conducted across 11 centers in Türkiye.

A potential candidate for prevention of PTSD: Prazosin prevents learned helplessness behavior in adult male rats.

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating psychiatric disorder that arises following exposure to an extreme stress. PTSD is characterized by five primary trauma-related symptom clusters, including symptoms of negative mood and hyperresponsivity to the traumatic event. Regrettably, the current therapy options are not highly effective.

Genotype and clinical phenotype of children with Marfan syndrome in Southeastern Anatolia.

The cardinal phenotypic hallmarks of Marfan syndrome (MFS) include cardiac, ocular, and skeletal abnormalities. Since the clinical phenotype of MFS is highly heterogeneous, with certain symptoms appearing as children age, the diagnostic process and establishing a genotype-phenotype association in childhood MFS can be challenging. The lack of sufficient childhood studies also makes it difficult to interpret the subject.

Amaurosis and transient diplopia, a rare complication secondary to mandibular nerve block: A case report.

Ocular complications are one of the rare side effects that can be seen after a mandibular nerve block and have the most dramatic results. Since the mandibular nerve block is mostly performed by dentists, this complication is mostly seen after an intraoral mandibular nerve block. The mandibular nerve is the third division of the trigeminal nerve.

Addressing limitations of single GON blockade treatment and repetitive intervention with GON block or onabotulinum toxin A in chronic migraine- part 2 of three men in a boat study.

This study investigated the effectiveness of three treatment interventions for managing migraine symptoms over a three-month assessment period: single greater occipital nerve block (GON), repetitive GON block, and single GON block combined with onabotulinium toxin A (BoNT-A) treatment. Significant improvements were observed across all treatment groups in various migraine-related parameters, including medication usage, frequency and severity of attacks, and subjective measures such as Headache Impact Test-6 scores and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores. Notably, all groups showed reductions in NSAID and triptan usage, total number of attacks with VAS>4, and number of headache days.

PENG for chronic pain: the clinical effectiveness of pericapsular nerve group block in chronic hip pain.

Objectives: To evaluate the efficiency and tolerability of pericapsular nerve group block (PENG) for the treatment of chronic hip pain.

Methods: This is a retrospective, single-centre, 4-group study conducted over a 3-month period to find out the most typical cause of chronic hip pain. A total of 112 patients with symptomatic hip osteoarthritis (OA), Stage 2-3, greater trochanteric pain (GTPS) and chronic pain after total hip arthroplasty (cTHA), who had an ultrasound-guided PENG block, were selected.

Short Stature due to Bioinactive Growth Hormone (Kowarski Syndrome).

Objective: Bioinactive growth hormone (BGH) is a structurally abnormal, biologically inactive, but immunoreactive form of growth hormone encoded by pathogenic growth hormone 1 gene variants. The underlying cause of the defective physiology is decreased BGH binding affinity to both growth hormone binding proteins and growth hormone receptors (GHRs). GHR cannot dimerize when it is in a quiescent state because BGH cannot activate it.

Alternative secretory signal sequences for recombinant protein production in Pichia pastoris.

Extracellular protein production is primarily preferred to facilitate the downstream processes in recombinant protein production. Secretion of recombinant proteins is mediated by the processing of signal peptides in their N-terminal portion by the secretory mechanism of host expression systems. These molecular elements involved in secretion are functionally interchangeable between different species and secretion sequence screening is one of the widely used approaches to improve extracellular protein production.

Improvement of recombinant L-Asparaginase production in .

is a successful expression system that is frequently preferred in the secretion of proteins for both basic research and industrial purposes. In this study, recombinant (RmASNase) L-asparaginase was produced in . The impact of gene copy number on increasing protein production was examined with six clones harboring various gene copy numbers (1-5 and 5 +).

Three men in a boat: The comparison of the combination therapy of botulinum toxin and greater occipital nerve block with bupivacaine, with botulinum toxin monotherapy in the management of chronic migraine.

Objective: This study compared the impact of the combination therapy of onabotulinum toxin A and greater occipital nerve block (GoNT-A) with onabotulinum toxin A monotherapy (BoNT-A) based on its efficacy and safety in relation to the quality of life of adult chronic migraine (CM) patients.

Background: Prophylactic treatment of CM is still difficult and complex. Combination treatments do not have an evidence base yet.

Is vitamin D supplementation of potential benefit for community-living people with Alzheimer's disease?

Background: Vitamin D is associated not only with effects on calcium and bone metabolisms but also with many chronic diseases. Low vitamin D levels in patients with Alzheimer's disease have been widely reported in the literature.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to critically review the potential benefit of vitamin D supplementation in individuals with Alzheimer's disease living in the community.

Applicability of the heterologous yeast promoters for recombinant protein production in Pichia pastoris.

Promoter choice is an important step in recombinant protein production, which directly determines the expression manner as constitutive or inducible and the expression level of the recombinant protein. This study aims to investigate the applicability of heterologous yeast promoters (Kluyveromyces marxianus TPI, Hansenula polymorpha PMA, Candida tropicalis ICL, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae CUP) in Pichia pastoris. The regulation mode of the CtICL and ScCUP promoters in P.

Increased Severe Cases and New-Onset Type 1 Diabetes Among Children Presenting With Diabetic Ketoacidosis During First Year of COVID-19 Pandemic in Turkey.

Introduction: There have been some significant changes regarding healthcare utilization during the COVID-19 pandemic. Majority of the reports about the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on diabetes care are from the first wave of the pandemic. We aim to evaluate the potential effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the severity of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and new onset Type 1 diabetes presenting with DKA, and also evaluate children with DKA and acute COVID-19 infection.

A comparison of the clinical efficacy of GON block at the C2 level and GON block at the classical distal occipital level in the treatment of migraine.

Purpose: The aim of this retrospective study was to compare the efficacy and complications of ultrasound-guided block (C2GON) at the level of C2 and block performed from the distal occiput level (DOGON) as the greater occipital nerve progresses superficially to the obliquus capitis inferior muscle in migraine patients.

Methods: 63 patients were included in this retrospective study. For C2GON blockade, 2 units of 4 ml 0.

Deletion analysis of Pichia pastoris alcohol dehydrogenase 2 (ADH2) promoter and development of synthetic promoters.

Pichia pastoris (Komagataella phaffii) is a non-conventional Crabtree-negative yeast with the capability of reaching very high cell densities in a fed-batch fermentation process. The alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) genes of P. pastoris involved in ethanol metabolism were identified and were previously characterized.

Comparison of the clinical efficacy of bilateral and unilateral GON blockade at the C2 level in chronic migraine.

The main purpose of this study was to retrospectively compare the unilateral and bilateral application of proximal greater occipital nerve (GON) block at the C2 level in the treatment of chronic migraine disease. In chronic migraine patients who underwent GON blockade, the average number of migrainous painful days per month, the average duration of pain in attacks, the highest visual analogue scale (VAS) score in pain intensity for one month, and total analgesic use were recorded before and after the block. According to the GON block protocol applied by our clinic, the patients were treated for GON block 4 times a month, once a week.

Transnasal Sphenopalatine Ganglion Block for Management of Postdural Puncture Headache in Non-Obstetric Patients.

Background: This study investigated the efficacy and safety of transnasal sphenopalatine ganglion block (SPGB) for treatment of postural puncture headache (PDPH) in non-obstetric patients.

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at the Ankara Research and Educational Hospital, in Turkey, and included 26 non-obstetric patients (age, ≥18 years) who were diagnosed with PDPH and unresponsive to conservative therapy or unable to continue it because of side effects. Transnasal SPGB was performed in each nostril.

Challenges of CYP21A2 genotyping in children with 21-hydroxylase deficiency: determination of genotype-phenotype correlation using next generation sequencing in Southeastern Anatolia.

Background/purpose: Although it is known that there is generally a good correlation between genotypes and phenotypes, the number of studies reporting discrepancies has recently increased, exclusively between milder genotypes and their phenotypes due to the complex nature of the CYP21A2 gene and methodological pitfalls. This study aimed to assess CYP21A2 genotyping in children with 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21-OHD) and establish their predictive genotype-phenotype correlation features using a large cohort in Southeastern Anatolia's ethnically diverse population.

Methods: The patients were classified into three groups: salt-wasting (SW), simple virilizing (SV) and non-classical (NC).

Trastuzumab ± Capecitabine Maintenance After the First-Line Treatment of HER2-Positive Advanced Gastric Cancer: Retrospective Observational Real-Life Data of Turkish Oncology Group.

Purpose: In the ToGA trial for HER2-positive advanced gastric cancer, cisplatin plus fluoropyrimidine was given for 6 cycles; trastuzumab was given until disease progression. However, there is a lack of real-life data about trastuzumab maintenance after 6 cycle chemotherapy. This study aims to present real-life data of trastuzumab ± capecitabine maintenance after 6 cycles of platinum, fluoropyrimidine, and trastuzumab in non-progressive patients.

Immunological interpretation of minipuberty: Minipuberty as the driving force of sexual dimorphism in the immune response.

Background/objective: Although the physiology of minipuberty is well established, it is not fully explained why it occurs. It has been suggested that minipuberty contributes to the development of reproductive organs, somatic growth, cognitive/behavioural and sex-specific brain development. Given the well-known trade-off between the reproductive/endocrine and immune systems in adults, the immunological approach to minipuberty, which is characterized by transient activation of the hypothalamo-pituitary gonadal (HPG) axis, seems to be ignored.

Immunophenotypic analysis of lymphocyte subsets in newborns with biotinidase deficiency.

Background/aim: Biotin is a vital micronutrient that plays a role in metabolic homeostasis and the regulation of innate and adaptive immune system functions. Biotinidase deficiency (BTD) leads to impairment in biotin-dependent immune functions. This study focused on immunophenotypic analysis of lymphocyte subsets in newborns with BTD.

Combination of trastuzumab and taxane-containing intensified chemotherapy in first-line treatment of HER2-positive advanced gastric cancer.

Purpose: Taxane-containing combinations are recommended for the first-line therapy of advanced gastric cancer. It is not known which chemotherapy regimen is the best with trastuzumab for HER2-positive patients. The aim of this study was to compare taxane-containing intensified chemotherapy versus standard chemotherapy in combination with trastuzumab in the first-line treatment of HER2-positive advanced gastric adenocarcinoma.

Radiological evidence to changes in the olfactory bulb volume depending on body mass index in the childhood.

Objective: Energy balance is preserved through the exchange between body weight and adipose tissue across the multi-faceted complex network that is composed of the sensorial, metabolic, and neuro-endocrine circuits. The olfactory control of energy homeostasis is maintained through the interplay between the olfactory bulb (OB) and adipose tissue. While extremely studied, most researches still report controversial results and sensorial regulation of obesity is not fully understood.