Machine learning analysis of integrated ABP and PPG signals towards early detection of coronary artery disease.

Every year, Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) claims lives of over a million people. CAD occurs when the coronary arteries, responsible for supplying oxygenated blood to the heart, get occluded due to plaque deposits on their inner walls. The most critical fact about this disease is that it develops gradually over the years and by the time symptomatic changes such as angina or shortness of breath appear, the disease has already become severe.

Correction to: Sustained attention detection in humans using a prefrontal theta-EEG rhythm.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1007/s11571-024-10113-0.].

Sustained attention detection in humans using a prefrontal theta-EEG rhythm.

This research highlights the importance of the prefrontal theta-EEG rhythm in sustained attention monitoring over the Fp1 electrode. In an experiment conducted with 20 participants, four successive mental tasks are sent briefly by an automated computer program connected to a speakerphone: wait, relax, get ready, and concentrate. Furthermore, each individual participated in this experiment 20 times.

Schizophrenia diagnosis using the GRU-layer's alpha-EEG rhythm's dependability.

Verifying schizophrenia (SZ) can be assisted by deep learning techniques and patterns in brain activity observed in alpha-EEG recordings. The suggested research provides evidence of the reliability of alpha-EEG rhythm in a Gated-Recurrent-Unit-based deep-learning model for investigating SZ. This study suggests Rudiment Densely-Coupled Convolutional Gated Recurrent Unit (RDCGRU) for the various EEG-rhythm-based (gamma, beta, alpha, theta, and delta) diagnoses of SZ.

Genomic patterns of selection in morphometric traits across diverse Indian cattle breeds.

This study seeks a comprehensive exploration of genome-wide selective processes impacting morphometric traits across diverse cattle breeds, utilizing an array of statistical methods. Morphometric traits, encompassing both qualitative and quantitative variables, play a pivotal role in characterizing and selecting livestock breeds based on their external appearance, size, and physical attributes. While qualitative traits, such as color, horn structure, and coat type, contribute to adaptive features and breed identification, quantitative traits like body weight and conformation measurements bear a closer correlation with production characteristics.

The evolution of contemporary livestock species: Insights from mitochondrial genome.

The domestication of animals marks a pivotal moment in human history, profoundly influencing our demographic and cultural progress. This process has led to significant genetic, behavioral, and physical changes in livestock species compared to their wild ancestors. Understanding the evolutionary history and genetic diversity of livestock species is crucial, and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) has emerged as a robust marker for investigating molecular diversity in animals.

Genomic insights into key genes and QTLs involved in cattle reproduction.

From an economic standpoint, reproductive characteristics are fundamental for sustainable production, particularly for monotocous livestock like cattle. A longer inter-calving interval is indicative of low reproductive capacity. This issue changes the dynamics of current and future lactations since it necessitates more inseminations, veterinary care, and hormone interventions.

Deciphering climate resilience in Indian cattle breeds by selection signature analyses.

The signature of selection is a crucial concept in evolutionary biology that refers to the pattern of genetic variation which arises in a population due to natural selection. In the context of climate adaptation, the signature of selection can reveal the genetic basis of adaptive traits that enable organisms to survive and thrive in changing environmental conditions. Breeds living in diverse agroecological zones exhibit genetic "footprints" within their genomes that mirror the influence of climate-induced selective pressures, subsequently impacting phenotypic variance.

Landmarks in the history of selective sweeps.

Half a century ago, a seminal article on the hitchhiking effect by Smith and Haigh inaugurated the concept of the selection signature. Selective sweeps are characterised by the rapid spread of an advantageous genetic variant through a population and hence play an important role in shaping evolution and research on genetic diversity. The process by which a beneficial allele arises and becomes fixed in a population, leading to a increase in the frequency of other linked alleles, is known as genetic hitchhiking or genetic draft.

Corrigendum: QUaRTM: A Quadcopter with Unactuated Rotor Tilting Mechanism capable of faster, more agile, and more efficient flight.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/frobt.2022.

QUaRTM: A Quadcopter with Unactuated Rotor Tilting Mechanism capable of faster, more agile, and more efficient flight.

We present QUaRTM - a novel quadcopter design capable of tilting the propellers into the forward flight direction, which reduces the drag area and therefore allows for faster, more agile, and more efficient flight. The vehicle can morph between two configurations in mid-air, including the untilted configuration and the tilted configuration. The vehicle in the untilted configuration has a higher pitch torque capacity and a smaller vertical dimension.

Blood Pressure Estimation Based on Pulse Arrival Time and Heart Rate : A Correlation Analysis for Critically Ill Patients.

Arterial blood pressure (ABP) is a vital hemodynamic signal to be monitored in general population- especially in critically ill patients. Pulse arrival time (PAT) has been widely used for the noninvasive measurement of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and has shown excellent results for a healthy person as compared to the existing gold standard methods. In this study, we have used correlation analysis to study the feasibility of using PAT and heart rate (HR) for noninvasive BP (SBP and DBP) measurement for critically ill subjects.

Modeling of cardiovascular circulation for the early detection of coronary arterial blockage.

Coronary arteries are responsible for maintaining blood supply to the heart. When these arteries get blocked due to plaque deposition, the corresponding pathological condition is referred to as coronary artery disease. This disease develops gradually over the years and consequently, the function of the heart deteriorates, leading to a heart attack in many cases.