Nrf2 Activation as a Therapeutic Target for Flavonoids in Aging-Related Osteoporosis.

Biological aging is a substantial change that leads to different diseases, including osteoporosis (OP), a condition involved in loss of bone density, deterioration of bone structure, and increased fracture risk. In old people, there is a natural decline in bone mineral density (BMD), exacerbated by hormonal changes, particularly during menopause, and it continues in the early postmenopausal years. During this transition time, hormonal alterations are linked to elevated oxidative stress (OS) and decreased antioxidant defenses, leading to a significant increase in OP.

Cardamonin anticancer effects through the modulation of the tumor immune microenvironment in triple-negative breast cancer cells.

The tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) plays a critical role in cancer development and response to immunotherapy. Immune checkpoint inhibitors aim to reverse the immunosuppressive effects of the TIME, but their success has been limited. Immunotherapy directed at PD-1/PD-L1 has been widely employed, yielding positive results.

The Anticancer Effects and Therapeutic Potential of Kaempferol in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

Breast cancer is the second-leading cause of cancer death among women in the United States. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), a subtype of breast cancer, is an aggressive phenotype that lacks estrogen (ER), progesterone (PR), and human epidermal growth (HER-2) receptors, which is challenging to treat with standardized hormonal therapy. Kaempferol is a natural flavonoid with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and anticancer effects.

Prognostic and Therapeutic Implications of Cell Division Cycle 20 Homolog in Breast Cancer.

Cell division cycle 20 homolog (CDC20) is a well-known regulator of cell cycle progression. Abnormal expression of CDC20 leads to mitotic defects, which play a significant role in cancer development. In breast cancer (BC), CDC20 has been identified as a biomarker that has been linked to poor patient outcomes.

The Anti-Obesogenic Effects of Muscadine Grapes through Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor Receptor (Cntfr) and Histamine Receptor H1 (Hrh1) Genes in 3T3-L1 Differentiated Mouse Cells.

Obesity and type 2 diabetes are prevalent metabolic diseases that have significant links to several chronic diseases, including cancer, diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease. Muscadine grape extracts have shown the potential to reduce adiposity and improve insulin sensitivity and glucose control. Thus, this study was designed to determine the potential of muscadine grape berries extract (Pineapple and Southern Home) for its antiobesity properties in 3T3-L1 cells as a model for obesity research.

The Garlic Compound, Diallyl Trisulfide, Attenuates Benzo[a]Pyrene-Induced Precancerous Effect through Its Antioxidant Effect, AhR Inhibition, and Increased DNA Repair in Human Breast Epithelial Cells.

Exposure to B[a]P, the most characterized polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, significantly increases breast cancer risk. Our lab has previously reported that diallyl trisulfide (DATS), a garlic organosulfur compound (OSC) with chemopreventive and cell cycle arrest properties, reduces lipid peroxides and DNA damage in normal breast epithelial (MCF-10A) cells. In this study, we evaluated the ability of DATS to block the B[a]P-induced initiation of carcinogenesis in MCF-10A cells by examining changes in proliferation, clonogenic formation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels, and protein expression of ARNT/HIF-1β, CYP1A1, and DNA POLβ.

The Anticancer Effects of the Garlic Organosulfide Diallyl Trisulfide through the Attenuation of B[a]P-Induced Oxidative Stress, AhR Expression, and DNA Damage in Human Premalignant Breast Epithelial (MCF-10AT1) Cells.

Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) is the most characterized polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon associated with breast cancer. Our lab previously reported that the organosulfur compound (OSC), diallyl trisulfide (DATS), chemoprevention mechanism works through the induction of cell cycle arrest and a reduction in oxidative stress and DNA damage in normal breast epithelial cells. We hypothesize that DATS will inhibit B[a]P-induced cancer initiation in premalignant breast epithelial (MCF-10AT1) cells.

The Anticancer Effects of Marine Carotenoid Fucoxanthin through Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase (PI3K)-AKT Signaling on Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer that lacks specific targets such as estrogen, progesterone, and HER2 receptors. TNBC affects one in eight women in the United States, making up 15-20% of breast cancer cases. Patients with TNBC can develop resistance to chemotherapy over time, leading to treatment failure.

Anticancer Effects of Fucoxanthin through Cell Cycle Arrest, Apoptosis Induction, and Angiogenesis Inhibition in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells.

The absence of progesterone receptors, estrogen receptors, and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 restricts the therapy choices for treating triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Moreover, conventional medication is not highly effective in treating TNBC, and developing effective therapeutic agents from natural bioactive compounds is a viable option. In this study, the anticancer effects of the natural compound fucoxanthin were investigated in two genetically different models of TNBC cells: MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cells.

Involvement of Nrf2 Activation and NF-kB Pathway Inhibition in the Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Hesperetin in Activated BV-2 Microglial Cells.

Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder leading to cognitive decline and memory loss. The incidence of this disease continues to increase due to the limited number of novel therapeutics that prevent or slow down its progression. Flavonoids have been investigated for their potential effects on cellular damage triggered by excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) and neuroinflammatory conditions.

Plants against cancer: the immune-boosting herbal microbiome: not of the plant, but in the plant. Basic concepts, introduction, and future resource for vaccine adjuvant discovery.

The presence of microorganism communities (MOCs) comprised of bacteria, fungi, archaea, algae, protozoa, viruses, and the like, are ubiquitous in all living tissue, including plant and animal. MOCs play a significant role in establishing innate and acquired immunity, thereby influencing susceptibility and resistance to disease. This understanding has fostered substantial advancements in several fields such as agriculture, food science/safety, and the development of vaccines/adjuvants, which rely on administering inactivated-attenuated MOC pathogens.

Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Mechanisms of Cardamonin through Nrf2 Activation and NF-kB Suppression in LPS-Activated BV-2 Microglial Cells.

Chronic oxidative stress (OS) and inflammation are implicated in developing and progressing neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). The chronic activation of microglia cells leads to the overproduction of several substances, including nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species, which can induce neurodegeneration. Natural compounds have recently been investigated for their potential to protect cells from OS and to improve many disease-related conditions.

Involvement of AKT/PI3K Pathway in Sanguinarine's Induced Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest in Triple-negative Breast Cancer Cells.

Background/aim: Chemotherapy resistance in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells is well documented. Therefore, it is necessary to develop safer and more effective therapeutic agents to enhance the outcomes of chemotherapeutic agents. The natural alkaloid sanguinarine (SANG) has demonstrated therapeutic synergy when coupled with chemotherapeutic agents.

Thymoquinone Inhibition of Chemokines in TNF-α-Induced Inflammatory and Metastatic Effects in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells.

The lack of identifiable molecular targets or biomarkers hinders the development of treatment options in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, natural products offer a promising alternative by targeting inflammatory chemokines in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Chemokines are crucial in promoting breast cancer growth and metastasis and correlate to the altered inflammatory process.

Disparities in Infant Nutrition: WIC Participation and Rates of Breastfeeding in Florida.

Being cognizant of the pronounced health advantages of breastfeeding for both the nursing mother and her infant, the breastfeeding dyad, we examined breastfeeding rates among Floridian women who gave birth from 2012 to 2014 ( = 639,052). We investigated the associations between breastfeeding initiation and WIC-based breastfeeding support (the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children), education level, and race and ethnicity. We compared the percentage of breastfeeding mothers between those in the WIC program and those who were not, and we compared breastfeeding rates across racial and ethnic groups.

Attenuative Effect of Diallyl Trisulfide on Caspase Activity in TNF-α-induced Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cells.

Background/aim: Diallyl trisulfide (DATS) has been shown to prevent and inhibit carcinogenesis in cancer cells. We have previously shown DATS's ability to decrease the percentage of viable cells, inhibit cell migration and modulate genes involved in the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-B) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling.

Materials And Methods: This study aimed to compare the efficacy of DATS in tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) induced MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cells and investigate its role in cell-death signaling via cell cycle, flow cytometry, and caspase assay.

Molecular Mechanisms of the Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Epigallocatechin 3-Gallate (EGCG) in LPS-Activated BV-2 Microglia Cells.

Chronic neuroinflammation is associated with many neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's. Microglia are the brain's primary immune cells, and when activated, they release various proinflammatory cytokines. Several natural compounds with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, such as epigallocatechin 3-gallate (EGCG), may provide a promising strategy for inflammation-related neurodegenerative diseases involving activated microglia cells.

The Role of Apoptotic Genes and Protein-Protein Interactions in Triple-negative Breast Cancer.

Background/aim: Compared to other breast cancer types, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has historically had few treatment alternatives. Therefore, exploring and pinpointing potentially implicated genes could be used for treating and managing TNBC. By doing this, we will provide essential data to comprehend how the genes are involved in the apoptotic pathways of the cancer cells to identify potential therapeutic targets.

The Neuroprotective Effects and Therapeutic Potential of the Chalcone Cardamonin for Alzheimer's Disease.

Neurodegenerative diseases (ND) include a wide range of conditions that result from progressive damage to the neurons. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common NDs, and neuroinflammation and oxidative stress (OS) are the major factors in the development and progression of the disease. Many naturally occurring phytochemical compounds exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities with potential neuroprotective effects.

Anticancer Effects of Fucoxanthin through Cell Cycle Arrest, Apoptosis Induction, Angiogenesis Inhibition, and Autophagy Modulation.

Cancer accounts for one in seven deaths worldwide and is the second leading cause of death in the United States, after heart disease. One of the standard cancer treatments is chemotherapy which sometimes can lead to chemoresistance and treatment failure. Therefore, there is a great need for novel therapeutic approaches to treat these patients.

Anticancer Effects of Thymoquinone through the Antioxidant Activity, Upregulation of Nrf2, and Downregulation of PD-L1 in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells.

The variety of therapies available for treating and preventing triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is constrained by the absence of progesterone receptors, estrogen receptors, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2. Nrf2 (nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor), and PD-L1 (program cell death ligand 1), a downstream signaling target, have a strong correlation to oxidative stress and inflammation, major factors in the development and progression of TNBC. In this study, the genetically distinct MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 TNBC cells were treated with the natural component thymoquinone (TQ).

The Prognostic and Therapeutic Implications of the Chemoresistance Gene BIRC5 in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

Chemoresistance affects TNBC patient treatment responses. Therefore, identifying the chemoresistant gene provides a new approach to understanding chemoresistance in TNBC. BIRC5 was examined in the current study as a tool for predicting the prognosis of TNBC patients and assisting in developing alternative therapies using online database tools.

A multi-locus genome-wide association study reveals the genetics underlying muscadine antioxidant in berry skin.

Muscadine berries display enhanced nutraceutical value due to the accumulation of distinctive phytochemical constituents with great potential antioxidant activity. Such nutritional and health merits are not only restricted to muscadine, but muscadine berries accumulate higher amounts of bioactive polyphenolics compared with other grape species. For the genetic study of the antioxidant trait in muscadine, a multi-locus genome-wide association study (GWAS) with 350 muscadine genotypes and 1,283 RNase H2 enzyme-dependent amplicon sequencing (rhAmpSeq) markers was performed.

Sanguinarine Inhibition of TNF-α-Induced CCL2, IKBKE/NF-κB/ERK1/2 Signaling Pathway, and Cell Migration in Human Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells.

Angiogenesis is a process that drives breast cancer (BC) progression and metastasis, which is linked to the altered inflammatory process, particularly in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). In targeting inflammatory angiogenesis, natural compounds are a promising option for managing BC. Thus, this study was designed to determine the natural alkaloid sanguinarine (SANG) potential for its antiangiogenic and antimetastatic properties in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells.

Thymoquinone Anticancer Effects Through the Upregulation of NRF2 and the Downregulation of PD-L1 in MDA-MB-231 Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer with a metastatic nature. TNBC lacks the expression of the progesterone receptor, estrogen receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2. The absence of these three receptors limits the therapy options.