Electrodermal Activity Monitoring During Painful Stimulation in Sedated Adult Intensive Care Unit Patients: a Pilot Study.

Unlabelled: Introduction-Aim: Newer methods, such as infrared digital pupillometry and electrodermal activity (EDA) measurement have been suggested as good alternatives for analgesia monitoring in critically ill patients. This study analyzed EDA changes due to pain stimulus in sedated adult critical care patients Methods: Skin conductance variability, selected hemodynamic and respiratory parameters, Bispectral index (BIS) and ambient noise level, were monitored during 4 hour routine daytime in an adult ICU. 4h-Measurements were divided into 2 groups, based upon the sedation level of the patients: Group A - Ramsay Sedation Score 2-4 and Group B - Ramsay Sedation Score of 5-6.

Electrodermal Activity Monitoring during Endotracheal Suction in Sedated Adult Intensive Care Unit Patients.

Background: Endotracheal suctioning of respiratory secretions is one of the most common causes of pain and discomfort in Intensive Care Unit environment. The electrical properties of the skin, also known as electrodermal activity (EDA), are considered as an indirect measure of autonomous nervous system.

Aim: This study explores EDA changes during endotracheal suction in sedated adult critical care patients; and compares these changes to other monitoring parameters.

Electrodermal Activity during Blood Pooling for Arterial Blood Gases Analysis in Sedated Adult Intensive Care Unit Patients.

Electrodermal activity (EDA) is considered a measure of autonomous nervous system activity. This study performed an exploratory analysis of the EDA changes during blood pooling for arterial blood gas analysis in sedated adult critical care patients and correlated the variations to other monitored parameters. EDA, along with other parameters, were monitored during 4 h routine daytime intensive care nursing and treatment in an adult ICU.

Efficacy and safety of prophylactic levetiracetam in supratentorial brain tumour surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aims: The aim of this study was to perform an up-to-date systematic review and meta-analysis on the efficacy and safety of prophylactic administration of levetiracetam in brain tumour patients.

Method: A systematic review of studies published until April 2015 was conducted using Scopus/Elsevier, EMBASE and MEDLINE. The search was limited to articles reporting results from adult patients, suffering from brain tumour, undergoing supratentorial craniotomy for tumour resection or biopsy and administered levetiracetam in the perioperative period for seizure prophylaxis.

Postoperative analgesia after low-frequency electroacupuncture as adjunctive treatment in inguinal hernia surgery with abdominal wall mesh reconstruction.

Objective: To determine whether an electroacupuncture (EA) technique that was developed for a surgical population under general anaesthesia reduces pain after mesh inguinal hernia open repair.

Methods: A total of 54 patients with right or left inguinal hernia were randomised to group I (preoperative, intraoperative, postoperative EA), group II (preoperative, postoperative EA), or a sham control group (group III; preoperative and postoperative placement of needles, but without skin penetration). The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) (primary outcome) and the State-Trait Anxiety Spielberger Inventory were evaluated preoperatively and at 30 min, 90 min, 10 h and 24 h after surgery.

Interaction of a Cannabinoid-2 Agonist With Tramadol on Nociceptive Thresholds and Immune Responses in a Rat Model of Incisional Pain.

The aim of this study was to elucidate the antinociceptive interaction between cannabinoids and tramadol and their impact on proinflammatory response, in terms of serum intereleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) release, in a rat model of incisional pain. Prospective randomized trial assessing the individual or combined application of intraperitoneal tramadol (10 mg/kg) and the selective cannabinoid-2 (CB-2) agonist (R,S)-AM1241 (1 mg/kg) applied postsurgical stress stimulus. Pharmacological specificity was established by antagonizing tramadol with naloxone (0.

Effect of ropivacaine infiltration on muscle regeneration: a morphometric analysis.

Background/aim: Local anaesthetic myotoxicity is a well described phenomenon resulting in reversible muscle damage. Considering that in previous studies microscopic images were evaluated without quantification of morphologic characteristics, the aim of the present study was evaluate muscle regeneration after local anaesthetic infiltration.

Materials And Methods: Wistar rats underwent injection of the left tibialis anterior muscle with ropivacaine (0.

Comparison between the combination of gabapentin, ketamine, lornoxicam, and local ropivacaine and each of these drugs alone for pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a randomized trial.

Background: The main purpose of the study was to test whether the combination of gabapentin (600 mg 4 hours before surgery, 600 mg after 24 hours), ketamine (0.3 mg/kg before anesthesia), lornoxicam (8 mg before anesthesia and 8 mg/12 hours), and local ropivacaine (5 mL 7.5% at insertion sites) provides superior analgesia to each of these drugs alone in the first 24 hours after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Influence of apneic oxygenation on cardiorespiratory system homeostasis.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to elucidate the magnitude of variations in oxygenation indices and the pattern of hemodynamic changes in response to the net effect of tracheal apneic oxygenation (AO) with a view to define the safe time limit of its application.

Methods: After obtaining Animal Research Ethics Committee approval, AO was applied in 12 piglets for 40 min. Arterial (a) and mixed venous (v) blood samples for oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) tension (PaO2/PvO2, PaCO2/PvCO2), O2 saturation (SaO2/SvO2), pHa, base excess (BEa), and bicarbonate (HCO3a) determination and for alveolar O2 tension (PAO2), PaO2/FiO2 and PaO2/PAO2 ratio, arterial-mixed venous O2 content (AVDO2), and O2 extraction ratio (O2ER) estimation were collected on anesthesia induction, 10, 20, 30, and 40 min during AO and 10 and 20 min after reconnection to the ventilator.

Cerebral oxygenation impairment and S-100β protein release during off-pump coronary artery revascularization.

Objective: To elucidate the magnitude of global cerebral oxygenation impairment, using cerebral oxygenation indices and S-100β protein as potential markers, during off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB).

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Setting: Tertiary cardiac center.

Correlation of central venous-arterial and mixed venous-arterial carbon dioxide tension gradient with cardiac output during neurosurgical procedures in the sitting position.

Background And Objective: The study was conducted to evaluate the correlation of central venous-arterial and mixed venous-arterial pCO(2) gradient with cardiac output in patients being operated in the sitting position.

Methods: Fifty-one patients, aged 41-69 years, classified as American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status II and III, scheduled to undergo elective neurosurgical procedures in the sitting position, were enrolled in this prospective cohort study. Simultaneous blood gas samples from arterial, central venous and pulmonary artery catheters were collected at four different time points during supine and sitting position.

The effect of intra-abdominal hypertension alone or combined intra-abdominal hypertension-endotoxemia in cerebral oxygenation in a porcine model.

Background: Abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) has been recognized as an entity, affecting cardiovascular, pulmonary, and cerebral function, while it is often complicated with sepsis. Goal of the study was the evaluation of brain oxygenation during ACS alone and in combination with endotoxinemia.

Materials And Methods: Sixteen pigs, undergone intra-abdominal hypertension, were allocated to receive intravenous administration of either saline or endotoxin.

Effects of succinylcholine on the recovery of block produced by mivacurium in rats.

This study investigates the effects of succinylcholine on the recovery of neuromuscular blockade produced by mivacurium in rats. In 48 anesthetized animals, the sciatic nerve was prepared and stimulated, and twitches of the flexor digitorum longus muscle were recorded. Animals were randomly divided into four groups (n = 12 each): bolus dose of succinylcholine 0.

Effects of pneumoperitoneum and LPS-induced endotoxemia on cerebral perfusion pressure in pigs.

Multitrauma patients commonly develop abdominal compartment syndrome, which is defined as the end result of sustained, uncorrected, intra-abdominal hypertension. We aimed to assess the effects of increased intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) upon intracranial pressure (ICP) and cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) in the presence or absence of lipopolysacharide (LPS)-induced endotoxemia using an experimental porcine model of pneumoperitoneum. Experimental procedures were approved by the Animal Care Review Committee of the National Veterinary Institute.

Rocuronium duration of action under sevoflurane, desflurane or propofol anaesthesia.

Background And Objective: We conducted a prospective randomized study to evaluate whether the duration of action of a single bolus dose of rocuronium is influenced by maintenance of anaesthesia with sevoflurane, desflurane or propofol infusion.

Methods: Fifty-seven ASA I-II patients undergoing elective abdominal surgery were enrolled in this study. Anaesthesia was induced with thiopental 3-5 mg kg(-1) or propofol 2.

Clonidine versus ketamine to prevent tourniquet pain during intravenous regional anesthesia with lidocaine.

Background And Objectives: Both clonidine and ketamine have been found to prolong the action of local anesthetics through a peripheral mechanism. Our study compares the efficacy of a low dose of clonidine or ketamine separately added to intravenous regional anesthesia (IVRA) with lidocaine to prevent tourniquet pain.

Methods: We conducted a prospective randomized double-blinded study in 45 patients undergoing hand or forearm surgery, with anticipated duration exceeding 1 hour under IVRA.

Reliability of continuous jugular venous bulb hemoglobin oxygen saturation during cardiac surgery.

Objective: To evaluate the accuracy and reliability of continuous measurement of jugular venous bulb hemoglobin oxygen saturation (SjvO2) with a fiberoptic catheter (SjvO(2OX)) during cardiac surgery versus simultaneous paired measurements of hemoglobin oxygen saturation by the Hemoximeter (SjVO(2HEM); Radiometer, Copenhagen, Denmark) and indirect estimations of hemoglobin oxygen saturation from measurements of partial pressure of oxygen in blood gases (SjVO(2BG)).

Design: A prospective study.

Setting: American Hellenic Educational Progressive Association General Hospital, University Hospital of Thessaloniki, Greece.