A rare EGFR exon 19 insertion mutation in metastatic lung adenocarcinoma: a favorable response to afatinib.

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations like the common L858R and exon 19 deletions are well studied, but rarer mutations like exon 19 insertions have received less attention. This case report describes a patient with this uncommon EGFR exon 19 insertion mutation in metastatic lung adenocarcinoma. A 51-year-old male nonsmoker with metastatic lung adenocarcinoma and a rare EGFR exon 19 insertion mutation experienced disease progression on initial carboplatin-pemetrexed chemotherapy.

Clinicopathological features and treatment outcomes of urothelial carcinoma variant histologies and non-urothelial bladder cancers.

Purpose: Most bladder cancers are pure urothelial carcinomas, but a small portion, approximately 5-10%, have variant histology or are non-urothelial in nature. This research sought to examine the features of and treatment strategies for different types of urothelial carcinoma with variant histologies and non-urothelial bladder cancer.

Methods: The study cohort comprised individuals with non-urothelial and variant urothelial bladder cancers treated at two medical centres in Ankara, Turkey, between 2005 and 2024.

Defective kinase activity of IKKα leads to combined immunodeficiency and disruption of immune tolerance in humans.

IKKα is a multifunctional serine/threonine kinase that controls various biological processes, either dependent on or independent of its kinase activity. However, the importance of the kinase function of IKKα in human physiology remains unknown since no biallelic variants disrupting its kinase activity have been reported. In this study, we present a homozygous germline missense variant in the kinase domain of IKKα, which is present in three children from two Turkish families.

The HALP score as a prognostic factor in metastatic biliary cancer.

Background: Biliary tract cancers are serious diseases and new biomarkers may be useful for the optimal management and prediction of these cases. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic significance of the hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte, and platelet (HALP) score, a novel composite marker, in patients with metastatic biliary tract cancer.

Methods: Patients with biliary tract cancers were analyzed retrospectively.

The Comparison of FLOT and DCF Regimens as Perioperative Treatment for Gastric Cancer.

Introduction: Locoregional gastric cancer is a still serious problem and perioperative treatments may improve the success of management. Different regimens were examined. The present study purposed to compare the efficacy of fluorouracil-leucovorin-oxaliplatin-docetaxel (FLOT) and docetaxel-cisplatin-fluorouracil (DCF) regimens.

A current comprehensive role of immune-checkpoint inhibitors in resectable non-small cell lung cancer: A narrative review.

Objective: The objective of this article is to review the efficacy, safety, and evidence for current use and potential future uses of immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in the management of resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Data Sources: A literature review was carried out through PubMed to identify completed and ongoing clinical trials evaluating the use, efficacy, and safety of ICIs in the management of resectable NSCLC.

Data Summary: To date, four phase 3 trials have emerged that have changed our treatment practice concerning the utilization of ICIs during the adjuvant and neoadjuvant settings.

Effect of HER2/CEP17 ratio on survival in metastatic HER2-positive gastric cancer, multicenter study.

Aim: HER2-positive metastatic gastric cancer is still a highly fatal disease despite advances. We aimed to investigate the relationship between HER2/CEP17 ratio and survival in patients with HER2-positive metastatic gastric cancer.

Methods: A total of 99 patients from 8 different centers in Turkey were included in the study.

Effects of Potentially Inappropriate Medications in Older Patients with Gastrointestinal System Cancer.

Objective: Potentially inappropriate medications (PIM) is a crucial problem in the geriatric population. The amount of prescription and unadherence increase because of the different problems encountered in cancer patients. Our aim was to evaluate the effects of PIM in patients with gastrointestinal system cancer and to investigate its relationship with chemotherapy side effects, mortality, and progression.

COVID-19 associated thrombotic microangiopathy.

A limited number of cases of thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) have previously been reported in association with COVID-19. Our report describes two cases of TMA associated with COVID-19, one of which was successfully treated with eculizumab. The first case was a 23-month-old girl, and the second case was a 9-month-old boy.

The effect of metal rate on the gamma shielding parameters of hydroxyapatite at medical treatment energies.

The hydroxyapatite (HAp) is a kind of biomaterial which is used for bone treatment applications. We have scrutinized the gamma attenuation parameters such as such as the effective atomic number (Zeff), electron density (Nel), mass attenuation coefficient (MAC), linear attenuation coefficient (LAC), half value layer (HVL), tenth value layer (TVL) and mean free path (MFP) for only single liquid gamma source and a narrow beam geometry for the energy (medical treatment energy) ranging from 778 keV to 1408 keV (Eu-152) for the animal bone, iron, cobalt, copper, and zinc decorated Nano hydroxyapatite (nFeHAp, nCoHAp, nCuHAp, and nZnHAp) artificial bone powders. The gamma-rays were counted with using Ultra Low Energy Germanium detection system with a resolution 150 eV at 5,95 keV and a high purity germanium detector with a resolution of 1.

Evaluation of peripheral olfactory pathways in chronic autoimmune thyroiditis.

Purpose: In this study, we aimed to radiologically evaluate the olfactory bulb (OB) volume and olfactory sulcus (OS) depth of adult patients diagnosed with chronic autoimmune thyroiditis.

Methods: Sixty-eight patients over 18 years of age with Hashimoto's thyroiditis and 66 healthy controls with normal thyroid function tests were included in the study. OB volume and OS depth measurements were performed using cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) obtained from coronal T2-weighted images.

Dietary Acid Load Associated with Hypertension and Diabetes in the Elderly.

Background: Diet can affect the body's acid-base balance due to its content of acid or base precursors. There is conflicting evidence for the role of metabolic acidosis in the development of cardiometabolic disorders, hypertension (HT), and insulin resistance (IR).

Objective: We hypothesized that dietary acid load (DAL) is associated with adverse metabolic risk factors and aimed to investigate this in the elderly.

Non-functioning adrenal incidentalomas may increase toxic metabolites.

Background: Non-functioning adrenal incidentaloma (NFAI) is a frequent diagnosis with increasing radiological tests. The emerging shreds of evidence showed that they might have negative cardiometabolic effects. The study aimed to investigate whether the toxic metabolites, asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) levels, were altered in NFAI patients.

Is C-Reactive Protein/Albumin Ratio of Advanced-Stage Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Able to Predict Mortality in the Admission for Palliative Care?

Context: Lung cancer is frequent and mortal cancer. The predicting mortality may be helpful for cancer management.

Aim: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the role of baseline C-reactive protein (CRP)/albumin ratio (CAR) in relation to hospital mortality, the setting of advanced stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Does Subclinical Hypothyroidism Affect Dynamic Thiol / Disulfide Homeostasis and İschemia-modified Albumin Levels in Children?

Objective: To determine the effects of subclinical hypothyroidism on oxidative stress in children.

Study Design: A cross-sectional study.

Place And Duration Of Study: Department of Paediatrics, Paediatric Endocrinology, and General Outpatient Clinics, Kirikkale University, School of Medicine, from May 2017 to October 2018.

The role of cancer-related inflammation for prediction of poor survival in postmenopausal female patients with stage II/III colon cancer.

Objective: Cancer-related inflammation (CRI) is thought to be a successful predictor of prognosis in colon cancers (CC), but opinions on how to use it are highly variable. In this study, the role of CRI cells in survival for CC patients was investigated by considering gender and menopausal status.

Methods: 163 stage II/III CC patients who underwent curative surgery between 1995 and 2015 were included in the study.

Is YouTube a quality source of information on sarcopenia?

Background: While sarcopenia is a prevalent disorder that affects muscle mass and quality, patients have limited knowledge of it. On the other hand, patients often use social media to obtain health-specific information. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the YouTube videos about sarcopenia in terms of the knowledge value of what they present and to identify which of them can be considered as the quality sources of such information.

A new inflammatory marker in overweight patients: triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1.

Background: Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (TREM-1) is secreted by phagocytes in adipose tissue and it also upregulates the expression of genes involved in the inflammatory response and atherosclerotic conditions. This study was aimed to investigate the serum TREM-1 levels in overweight patients.

Methods: Twenty-eight subjects in the overweight group (OG) and 20 age-matched healthy subjects in the control group (CG) (BMI 27.

Who Tweets About Diabetic Foot on Twitter and Which Tweets Are More Attractive?

Diabetic foot is a serious problem for health care systems. Twitter can provide communication between people and it might be an informative tool for health care management. The purpose of this study is detecting the people or organizations that tweet about diabetic foot and analyze the interactions of these tweets on Twitter.