Decreased serum allopregnanolone and progesterone levels in male patients with bipolar disorder and their effects on cognitive functions.

The progression of bipolar disorder (BD) is characterized by recurrent episodes of depression, mania, and hypomania, thus affecting the daily functionality of individuals. Previous studies have shown that a large proportion of patients diagnosed with BD who are in clinical remission experience significant functional disorders. The present study aimed to investigate the relationships between cognitive impairment and serum progesterone, allopregnanolone and BDNF levels in male bipolar disorder patients who are in the euthymic period.

Executive Functions, Intellectual Capacity, and Psychiatric Disorders in Adults with Type 1 Chiari Malformation.

Objective: Contrary to popular belief, the cerebellum is involved not only in motor planning, balance, and coordination but also in cognitive processes. The present study aimed to investigate executive functions (EFs), intellectual capacity, and psychiatric disorders in adults with type 1 Chiari malformation, which is defined as a hindbrain anomaly that involves the cerebellum.

Methods: The study included 62 adults, with 29 in the CM group and 33 in the control group.

Wi-Fi decreases melatonin protective effect and increases hippocampal neuronal damage in pentylenetetrazole induced model seizures in rats.

Aim: Epilepsy is a common brain disorder in which the seizures could cause a neuronal loss in the hippocampus. Oxidative stress has an important role in the pathology of epilepsy. Some studies indicate that Wi-Fi increases oxidative stress and suppresses antioxidant systems.

The neuroprotective effects of 2-APB in rats with experimentally- -induced severe acute pancreatitis.

Aim: The objective of this study was to determine the neuroprotective effects of 2-aminoethyl diphenyl-borinate (2-APB) on the brains of rats with experimentally-induced severe acute pancreatitis.

Materials And Methods: Thirty Spraque-Dawley male rats with an average weight of 200-250 grams were randomly divided into three groups. Group 1: Sham group, Group 2: Severe acute pancreatitis group, Group 3: Treatment group with severe acute pancreatitis, given 2 mg/kg 2-APB before pancreatitis onset.

Evaluation of therapeutic potential of intraperitoneal ozone gas in combination with insulin above cranial and spinal neuropathy in rats with diabetes mellitus.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of ozone in combination with insulin on cranial and spinal neuropathy in rats with diabetes mellitus (DM).

Materials And Methods: Sixty adult male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into the following six groups (n = 10): control (C), ozone (O), diabetic (D), ozone-treated diabetic (DO), insulin-treated diabetic (DI), and ozone, insulin-treated diabetic (DOI). DM was induced by a single intraperitoneal (ip) streptozotocin injection (60 mg/kg), followed by 3 IU (ip) insulin administration for 60 days.

Adolescent lumbar disc herniation: Impact, diagnosis, and treatment.

Background: Symptomatic lumbar intervertebral disc herniation (LDH) is rare in children and adolescents. To date, the treatments available for child and adolescent LDH, and the effect of each treatment, have not been fully reviewed.

Objective: The purpose of this retrospective study is to report the etiology, familial history, presenting symptoms, level of herniation, duration of symptoms, radiological findings, as well as treatment methods and outcome.

Spinal Epidural Hematoma Due To Tyre-Blast Injury: A Case Report.

Study Design: A retrospective case report.

Objective: The objective of this article is to report a spinal epidural hematoma (SEH) due to shock wave.

Summary Of Background Data: SEH is an infrequent condition.

Cabazitaxel causes a dose-dependent central nervous system toxicity in rats.

Background: Chemotherapeutic agents may lead to serious neurological side effects, which in turn can deteriorate the quality of life and cause dose limiting. Direct toxic effect or metabolic derangement of chemotherapeutic agents may cause these complications. Cabazitaxel is a next generation semi-synthetic taxane derivative, which is effective in both preclinical models of human tumors sensitive or resistant to chemotherapy and in patients with progressive prostate cancer despite docetaxel treatment.

Selenium protects cerebral cells by cisplatin induced neurotoxicity.

Purpose: To evaluate the central nervous system toxicity of cisplatin and neuroprotective effect of selenium.

Methods: Twenty-one male Wistar albino rats were divided into three groups: control (C), cisplatin (CS), cisplatin and selenium (CSE, n=7 in each group). Cisplatin (12 mg/kg/day, i.

The Comparison of Hemilaminectomy and Laminoplasty Procedures in the Surgical Treatment of Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy.

Aim: To compare cervical hemilaminectomy with cervical laminoplasty to determine the prognostic significance of both methods in cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM). This study is first in the literature to compare the hemilaminectomy and laminoplasty procedures MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 42 patients who underwent surgery due to CSM and followed for at least 24 months were included in the study. Thirty-four out of 42 patients were males, while 8 were females; the mean age of the patients was 63.

Surgical Strategies for Spondylodiscitis due to Lumbar Disc Surgery.

Aim: Despite different surgical treatment protocols at different centers for spondylodiscitis due to lumbar surgery, there is no consensus on its surgical indications. In this study, we aimed to clarify the steps to be followed in the management and treatment of postoperative spondylodiscitis.

Material And Methods: The data of 20 cases with postoperative spondylodiscitis were evaluated.

Lipomatosis of terminal ileum and ileocecal valve: multidetector computed tomography findings.

Intestinal lipomatosis also known as lipohyperplasia is a rare disease. Diffuse infiltration of the fatty tissue mainly in the submucosal layer is characteristic. It is usually asymptomatic and found incidentally.

Common extensor tendon thickness measurements at the radiocapitellar region in diagnosis of lateral elbow tendinopathy.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the value of measuring common extensor tendon (CET) thickness at the radiocapitellar and capitellar regions with qualitative ultrasonographic findings in the diagnosis of lateral elbow tendinopathy.

Materials And Methods: The study included 164 lateral elbow tendinopathy patients (84 bilateral, 80 unilateral) matched by age, gender, and body mass index with 80 normal subjects. CET was examined using gray-scale and Doppler ultrasonography for tendinopathy, and tendon thickness was measured at two landmark locations: capitellar and radiocapitellar.

Palpation tests versus impingement tests in Neer stage I and II subacromial impingement syndrome.

Purpose: Using sonographic findings to test the diagnostic accuracy of impingement versus tendon palpation tests in Neer stage I and II subacromial impingement syndrome cases and examine their clinical potential.

Methods: Neer and Hawkins impingement tests and rotator cuff tendon palpation tests followed by bilateral shoulder sonography were conducted on 69 patients with a clinical diagnosis of unilateral subacromial impingement.

Results: The Neer and Hawkins tests had 74 and 62 % accuracy (sensitivity 80 and 67 %, and specificity 52 and 47 %, respectively) in comparison to 79 and 62 % accuracy rates for supraspinatus and biceps tendon palpation tests (sensitivity 92 and 41 %, and specificity 41 and 48 %, respectively).

Comparison of ultrasonographic patellar tendon evaluation methods in elite junior female volleyball players: thickness versus cross-sectional area.

Purpose: The goal of the present study was to compare the patellar tendon cross-sectional area with the patellar tendon thickness and to determine the intra-observer compliance level in the cross-sectional area and thickness measurements. This comparison was used to describe the effects of playing volleyball on the patellar tendon.

Materials And Methods: The patellar tendons of 60 volleyball players and 60 non-player female students, who were 11-16 years of age with similar physical characteristics, were examined using Doppler ultrasonography (US).

Evaluation of ovarian reserve based on hormonal parameters, ovarian volume, and antral follicle count in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate ovarian reserve of women with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methodology: Eighty-nine women with T2DM and 73 healthy controls were enrolled and divided into three age groups [group 1 (20-29 yr), seven diabetics and 18 healthy controls; group 2 (30-39 yr): 35 diabetics and 35 healthy controls; and group 3 (40-49 yr): 47 diabetics and 20 healthy controls]. All participants were subjected to transvaginal ultrasonographic examination on the third day of their menstrual periods for the determination of ovarian volume and total antral follicle count (AFC).

Dynamic Doppler evaluation of the radial and ulnar arteries in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome.

Objective: The objective of our study was to evaluate the blood flow characteristics of the radial and ulnar arteries of the hands of patients with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) either in the neutral position or in provocative positions using color Doppler imaging.

Subjects And Methods: Subjects with relevant complaints of CTS and positive Tinel sign and/or Phalen maneuver were recruited. Nerve conduction studies were performed to confirm the diagnosis of CTS.

Dynamic Doppler evaluation of the hand arteries to distinguish between primary and secondary raynaud phenomenon.

Objective: The objective of our study was to use Doppler sonography to detect the flow characteristics and parameters of the hand arteries that are needed to distinguish between primary Raynaud phenomenon (RP) and secondary RP.

Subjects And Methods: The diameter, resistive index (RI), and flow volume of the digital, ulnar, and radial arteries of patients with primary RP and those with secondary RP were measured at rest and after cold provocation. The flow starting time in the digital artery and the flow normalizing time of all three arteries were also recorded after cold provocation.

Is repair of incisional hernias by polypropylene mesh a safe procedure?

Objective: The aim of our study was to evaluate the safety of the intraperitoneal mesh repair procedure and to assess the complications that develop after the procedure.

Subjects And Methods: We reviewed the records of 25 patients who underwent intraperitoneal mesh repair procedures. Data on age, sex, size and cause of the hernia, postoperative mortality, and morbidity with special attention to complications were obtained from the medical records.

Validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Hill-Bone compliance to high blood pressure therapy scale for use in primary health care settings.

Objectives: To assess the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Hill-Bone compliance to high blood pressure therapy scale for use in primary care in Turkey.

Methods: To develop a Turkish version of the scale, it was translated into Turkish then back-translated into English. The final version was used in a survey in two urban primary health care centers in Izmir, Turkey.

Dynamic Doppler evaluation of the hand arteries of the patients with Raynaud's disease.

The aim of this study was the determination of blood flow characteristics and parameters in the hand arteries of patients with primary Raynaud's phenomenon (pRP) and comparison with the results of healthy subjects. The diameter, resistive index and flow volume of the digital, ulnar and radial arteries of the patients with pRP and the control group were measured at rest and after cold provocation. The flow starting time (FST) in the digital artery and the flow normalising time (FNT) of all three arteries were also recorded after cold provocation.

Preoperative evaluation of renal anatomy and renal masses with helical CT, 3D-CT and 3D-CT angiography.

Purpose: The aim of this prospective study was to determine the efficacy of three-dimensional computed tomography (3D-CT) and three-dimensional computed tomographic angiography (3D-CTA) that were reconstructed by using the axial images of the multiphasic helical CT in the preoperative evaluation of renal masses and demonstration of renal anatomy.

Materials And Methods: Twenty patients that were suspected of having renal masses upon initial physical examination and ultrasonographic evaluation were examined through multiphasic helical CT. Two authors executed CT evaluations.

The impact of oral feeding on the severity of acute pancreatitis.

Background: In the management of acute pancreatitis, oral feeding is prohibited and either enteral or parenteral feeding is commenced for the patients in an effort to not increase the secretion of the pancreatic enzymes.

Purpose: This study was undertaken in an attempt to determine the impact of oral feeding on the severity of acute pancreatitis and to compare this impact with that of parenteral feeding.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-four female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups.