Haplotype-based analysis of MDR1/ABCB1 gene polymorphisms in a Turkish population.

The three functional single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the MDR1 gene, C1236T, G2677T/A, and C3435T, exhibit an interpopulation difference. In this study, we analyzed the haplotype frequencies of these three SNPs in 107 unrelated healthy Turkish subjects and compared them with those of other reported populations. We found that C1236T, G2677T/A, and C3435T SNPs are expected to be structured in 10 different haplotypes, with 4 prominent haplotypes T-T-T (33.

New treatment strategy and assessment questionnaire for external auditory canal pruritus: topical pimecrolimus therapy and Modified Itch Severity Scale.

Objective: We aimed to compare the efficacy of topical pimecrolimus versus hydrocortisone in treating external auditory canal pruritus, using the Modified Itch Severity Scale as an assessment tool.

Methods: We included in the study 40 patients with isolated itching of the external auditory canal who had not received any benefit from previous topical and systemic treatments. Topical 1 per cent pimecrolimus or topical hydrocortisone was applied to each patient's external auditory canal for three months.

Effect of maternal food restriction on fetal rat lung lipid differentiation program.

Although "fetal programming" has been extensively studied in many organs, there is only limited information on pulmonary effects in the offspring following intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). We aimed to determine the effects of nutrient restriction on the lung structure and lung lipid differentiation programs in offspring using an animal mode of maternal food restriction (MFR). We utilized a rodent model of 50% MFR from day 10 of gestation to term and then using lung morphology, Western blotting, Real Time RT-PCR and Oil Red O staining, lung structure and development of the offspring were examined at postnatal days (p) 1, p21, and 9 months (9M).

A histopathological approach: when papulopustular lesions should be in the diagnostic criteria of Behçet's disease?

Unlabelled: BACKGROUNDPapulopustular lesions (PPL) are commonly seen cutaneous lesions in Behçet's disease (BD). Some authorities do not recommend using cutaneous lesions for diagnostic criteria because these lesions are confused with acne vulgaris. Objective To understand if PPL have diagnostic value in BD.

A chromosomal-effect study of intensive phototherapy versus conventional phototherapy in newborns with jaundice.

In this study, we aimed to make a comparison between chromosomal effects caused by conventional phototherapy and intensive phototherapy in jaundiced newborns. The study group included 83 newborns with gestation age of > or =35 weeks, and on days 3-10 after birth. Newborns were divided into four groups on the basis of total serum bilirubin (TSB) levels upon admission and need for phototherapy.

Congenital cytomegalovirus infection associated with severe lung involvement in a preterm neonate: a causal relationship?

We report a preterm neonate with congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection associated with severe lung involvement progressing to early chronic lung disease (CLD) and death. The present case represents the earliest and the most severe lung involvement depending on recurrent maternal CMV infection reported in the literature. Neonatal mortality and progression to early CLD should be considered in the list of possible neonatal sequelae resulting from recurrent maternal CMV infection.

Colostomy irrigation: an important issue for Muslim individuals.

Colostomy irrigation (CI) is a bowel management method in individuals with permanent colostomy, as an alternative to pouch use, which may provide continence. CI helps the individuals with an artificial stoma to adjust to the stoma and may increase their quality of life (QOL). An uncontrolled intestinal gas discharge invalidates ablution, and noisy gas discharge and smell prevents congregational prayers, which cause problems to Muslims with stomas.

Genotype and allele frequencies of MDR1 gene C1236T polymorphism in a Turkish population.

Human P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is encoded by the MDR1 gene, which is located on chromosomal region 7q21 and consists of 28 exons. To date, over 50 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been reported for the MDR1 gene. The effect of these polymorphisms on P-gp function or their clinical impact is in most cases unknown, but some of the SNPs are known to be of functional relevance and can also alter the pharmacokinetics of substrate drugs.

The determination of record-keeping behavior of nurses regarding intravenous fluid treatment: the case of Turkey.

Record-keeping is one of the legal and professional responsibilities of nurses. This study aims to determine the record-keeping behavior of nurses regarding intravenous fluid treatment (IVFT). The study was conducted with 150 nurses working in adult clinics of a 936-bed university hospital.

Structural requirements for bone sialoprotein binding and modulation of matrix metalloproteinase-2.

Bone sialoprotein (BSP) has been shown to induce limited gelatinase activity in latent matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) without removal of the propeptide and to restore enzymatic activity to MMP-2 previously inhibited by tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP2). The current study identifies structural domains in human BSP and MMP-2 that contribute to these interactions. The 26 amino acid domain encoded by exon 4 of BSP is shown by a series of binding and activity assays to be involved in the displacement of MMP-2's propeptide from the active site and thereby inducing the protease activity.

Phototherapy increases DNA damage in lymphocytes of hyperbilirubinemic neonates.

Phototherapy is commonly used in the treatment of hyperbilirubinemia in newborns. No serious side effects related to phototherapy have been observed, but concerns regarding its potential to damage DNA have been expressed, based on animal or cell-culture studies. The aim of this study was to investigate, in neonates with hyperbilirubinemia, the possible relation between phototherapy and DNA damage.

Prevention of pressure ulcers: a descriptive study in 3 intensive care units in Turkey.

Purpose: The aim of this descriptive study was to describe the level of preventive care provided to intensive care unit (ICU) patients at risk for development of pressure ulcers (PU).

Setting And Subjects: Our study population comprised 126 nurses working at coronary ICU, cardiovascular surgery ICU, or a gastroenterology ICU of State Hospital in the Republic of Turkey. The study sample consisted of 30 nurses selected from these units using a layered sampling method.

Removal of copper ions from aqueous solutions by hazelnut shell.

There is a great potential of woody hazelnut shell to use in some applications. Sorption studies are one of these. For this reason in this paper, batch adsorption of Cu(2+) ions onto hazelnut shells was studied.

Moderate hypernatremic dehydration in newborn infants: retrospective evaluation of 64 cases.

Objectives: This study was carried out to assess the incidence, presenting complaints, risk factors, and methods for prevention of hypernatremic dehydration among term and near-term breastfeeding infants.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated term and near-term (> or =35 weeks of gestation) neonates admitted to our neonatology department, during a four-year period with serum sodium concentrations of > or =146 mEq/L. A detailed maternal and infant history and examination including presenting complaints, risk factors, feeding problems, and weight loss, if present, were registered.

Effects of zileuton on the development of autoimmune myocarditis in an experimental rat model.

Background: Myocarditis is associated with high morbidity and mortality in childhood, but the pathogenesis of this disease is still unclear. Current knowledge indicates that complex immunopathogenic mechanisms are involved. It is understood that leukotrienes play an important role in the inflammation associated with asthma, and recent reports indicate that leukotrienes participate in immune processes and in autoimmunity.

Oxidant and antioxidant status of Turkish marasmic children: a single center study.

The aim of this study was to investigate plasma oxidant and antioxidant status in Turkish marasmic children. The study population consisted of 38 marasmic children (group I) and 28 age-matched children (group II) who were apparently well, with weight-forage >80% of the standards in the same region. After overnight fasting, venous blood samples were drawn and immediately transferred to heparinized and normal tubes.

Nitric oxide affects serum ferritin levels in children with iron deficiency.

In iron deficiency, serum levels of ferritin decrease. The lack of iron has been thought to be the main factor in this decrease, but another potential factor is nitric oxide, which has been shown to affect ferritin metabolism in vitro. The aim of this study was therefore to evaluate in children with iron deficiency the relation of serum ferritin, nitric oxide degradation products (nitrate and nitrite), and endothelin-1, a protein closely related to nitric oxide function.