Artifact-Removed Quantitative Analysis of Choriocapillaris Flow Voids.

Objectives: To investigate choriocapillaris flow voids (FV) with a new optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) image processing strategy that can eliminate artifacts caused by vitreous opacities, sub-retinal pigment epithelium fluid and deposits, and subretinal fluid (SRF) by thresholding the en-face OCT image of the outer retina.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed medical records of patients with drusen and patients with active central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC). FV number (FVn), average area (FVav), and maximum area (FVmax) and the percentage of nonperfused choriocapillaris area (PNPCA) obtained using the proposed strategy were compared with those obtained by removing only artifacts caused by the superficial capillary plexus (SCP).

Effect of foveal herniation on surgical outcomes in patients with idiopathic epiretinal membrane.

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the anatomical and visual outcomes of idiopathic epiretinal membrane peeling surgery, with and without foveal herniation.

Methods: This retrospective, comparative, two-center study included age- and sex-matched patients exhibiting an idiopathic epiretinal membrane with and without foveal herniation (epiretinal membrane + foveal herniation group and epiretinal-membrane-only group, respectively). The baseline best-corrected visual acuity and central foveal thickness were compared within the groups through months 1, 3, 6, and 12 of follow-up postoperatively.

COMBINED HAMARTOMA OF THE RETINA AND RETINAL PIGMENT EPITHELIUM AT PEDIATRIC AGE: Surgical Versus Conservative Approach.

Purpose: To report outcomes of pediatric patients with combined hamartoma of the retina and the retina pigment epithelium followed up conservatively or after pars plana vitrectomy.

Methods: This retrospective multicenter study included 62 eyes of 59 pediatric patients with combined hamartoma of the retina and the retina pigment epithelium from 13 different international centers with an average age of 7.7 ± 4.

Expert recommendations for the management of diabetic macular edema with intravitreal dexamethasone implant: A Turkish Delphi study.

Purpose: To provide consensus on the clinical use of intravitreal dexamethasone (DEX) implant for the treatment of diabetic macular edema (DME) in Turkey.

Methods: A panel of 22 retina experts prepared 77 statements of recommendation, and 80 retinal specialists practicing in Turkey were chosen to vote either in support or against each one. A Delphi-based method was used through which the ophthalmologists were able to view all of the results anonymously after two rounds and modify their subsequent answers.

Best disease presenting as subretinal pigment epithelium hyperreflectivite lesion on spectral-domain optical coherence tomography: Multimodal imaging features.

Purpose: To report clinical and multimodal imaging features of Best disease in patients presenting with subretinal pigment epithelium hyperreflective lesions.

Design: Retrospective study.

Methods: Clinical examination findings and multimodal imaging features, including color fundus photography, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), fundus autofluorescence, fluorescein and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA), and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) images were evaluated retrospectively.

Vitrectomy Due to Vitreous Hemorrhage and Tractional Retinal Detachment Secondary to Eales' Disease.

Objectives: To investigate visual and anatomical outcomes of vitreoretinal surgeries in patients with Eales' disease.

Materials And Methods: In this retrospective study, 22 eyes of 21 patients with vitreous hemorrhage (VH) or tractional retinal detachment (TRD) secondary to Eales' disease who underwent vitreoretinal surgery between January 1997 and December 2015 and had at least 1 year of follow-up were included.

Results: The mean best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was significantly higher at final visit (0.

Retinotomy and retinectomy for anterior inferior proliferative vitreoretinopathy: Can visual outcome be improved?

Purpose: To describe the treatment outcomes and prognostic factors of retinotomy/retinectomy for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RD) complicated anterior inferior proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR).

Methods: Retrospective, nonrandomized, single-center case series. The outcomes of 126 cases of retinotomy/retinectomy for RD complicated by advanced (Grade C) anterior inferior PVR managed consistently by one surgeon during a 15-year period were evaluated.

Characteristics and management of macular hole developing after rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repair.

Purpose: To report characteristics of patients developing full-thickness macular hole (MH) after rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) repair surgery. We also compared patients developing MH with and without accompanying RRD recurrence regarding anatomical and visual outcomes of MH repair.

Design: Retrospective study.

QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF THE FOVEAL AVASCULAR ZONE USING OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY ANGIOGRAPHY BEFORE AND AFTER SURGERY FOR IDIOPATHIC EPIRETINAL MEMBRANE.

Purpose: To investigate, using optical coherence tomography angiography, the foveal avascular zone (FAZar), the FAZ perimeter (FAZp), the acircularity index of the FAZ (FAZai), and the density of vessels surrounding the FAZ (FAZvd) before and after idiopathic epiretinal membrane surgery, and associations of these parameters with postoperative best-corrected visual acuity, letter score gain, and central foveal thickness.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed preoperative and postoperative (sixth month) medical records of 28 eyes of 28 patients who undergone epiretinal membrane surgery and had an intact ellipsoid zone.

Results: There were significant increases in best-corrected visual acuity, FAZar, and FAZp and decreases in central foveal thickness and FAZai (all P < 0.

Features of neovascularization in pachychoroid neovasculopathy compared with type 1 neovascular age-related macular degeneration on optical coherence tomography angiography.

Purpose: To compare neovascular membrane features of pachychoroid neovasculopathy (PNV) and type 1 neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Design: Retrospective study.

Methods: We assessed 34 treatment-naïve eyes with a diagnosis of PNV and 36 treatment-naïve eyes with a diagnosis of type 1 nAMD.

Spectral domain optical coherence tomography classification of diabetic macular edema: a new proposal to clinical practice.

Purpose: To classify the types of diabetic macular edema (DME) and evaluate its morphological features on spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and determine correlations between visual acuity and OCT findings.

Methods: We assessed 406 eyes of 309 patients with a diagnosis of DME retrospectively. Three types based on SD-OCT were identified: diffuse macular edema, cystoid macular edema, and cystoid degeneration.

Outcomes of Vitrectomy Under Air for Idiopathic Macular Hole.

Objectives: To evaluate the outcomes of 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) under air compared with standard PPV for idiopathic macular hole (MH).

Materials And Methods: In this prospective, comparative, interventional case series, 42 eyes of 42 patients with idiopathic MH were enrolled. Twenty-one eyes had vitrectomy with an air-infused technique and 21 eyes underwent vitrectomy with a traditional balanced salt solution-infused technique as a control group.

Risk-based Algorithm-guided Treatment Protocol for the Management of Neovascular Age-related Macular Degeneration.

Objectives: To assess outcomes of a risk-based algorithm-guided treatment protocol for neovascular age-related macular degeneration.

Materials And Methods: Two hundred and ten eyes of 184 patients managed with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agents according to a protocol consisting of one of three initial regimens depending on risk with at least 2 years of follow-up were retrospectively evaluated. The “short-term monthly injections” protocol was used for low-risk patients with low-risk lesions and good fellow-eye vision.

Factors associated with macular complications in highly myopic eyes with dome-shaped macular configuration.

Purpose: To investigate the associations between macular complications and demographic, clinical, and optical coherence tomography characteristics (OCT) of highly myopic eyes with a dome-shaped macula (DSM).

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the findings of 90 patients (167 eyes) with DSM who had vertical and horizontal OCT scans between January 2011 and June 2018. Demographic data, clinical characteristics, and OCT-derived morphologic parameters were determined, and the associations of these parameters with macular complications were evaluated.

Membrane patterns in eyes with choroidal neovascularization on optical coherence tomography angiography.

Background: To evaluate morphologic patterns of choroidal neovascular membranes using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in patients with treatment-naive, continuously treated, and previously treated exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Subjects: We assessed retrospectively 184 eyes of 153 patients diagnosed with type 1, type 2, and mixed-type neovascularization associated with AMD. The type of neovascularization and clinical activity were assessed by clinical examination and spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).

MACULAR TELANGIECTASIA TYPE 2: Acircularity Index and Quantitative Assessment of Foveal Avascular Zone Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the foveal avascular zone area and its perimeter, the acircularity index of the foveal avascular zone, the vessel density surrounding the foveal avascular zone, and the vessel density in the foveal, parafoveal, and perifoveal areas and their associations with best-corrected visual acuity, central foveal average thickness, and volume of ellipsoid zone-retinal pigment epithelium in patients with macular telangiectasia Type 2 (MacTel 2).

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed medical records of 22 eyes of 22 patients with MacTel 2 and 24 eyes of 24 healthy controls. Eyes with MacTel 2 were graded according to optical coherence tomography angiography: 1) vascular anomalies temporal to the fovea; 2) vascular anomalies temporal and nasal to the fovea; 3) markedly diffuse circumferential vascular anomalies; and 4) neovascularization in the outer retina.

Optic disk pits and optic disk pit maculopathy: A review.

Optic disk pit, one of the optic disk cavitary anomalies, is generally congenital and unilateral and occurs equally in males and females. Optic disk pit maculopathy is characterized by intraretinal and subretinal fluid at the macula, causing visual deterioration. The origin of the macular fluid and the mechanism of transition to the subretinal space in optic disk pit maculopathy pathophysiology are not yet fully understood.

Morphological and Functional Changes Immediately After Half-Time Photodynamic Therapy in Patients With Central Serous Chorioretinopathy.

Background And Objective: To evaluate early treatment outcomes of half-time photodynamic therapy (PDT) in patients with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC).

Patients And Methods: The anatomical and functional results were assessed for 24 eyes of 23 patients with CSC treated with half-time PDT in this prospective case series. Central foveal thickness (CFT) and subfoveal choroidal thickness (SCT) were evaluated by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), and mean retinal sensitivities and fixation characteristics were evaluated by MP-1 microperimetry at baseline and 1 day, 3 days, 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months after treatment.

Vitrectomy with silicone oil tamponade for retinal detachment associated with giant retinal tears: Favourable outcomes without adjuvant scleral buckling.

Purpose: To evaluate the outcomes of pars plana vitrectomy with silicone oil tamponade in the management of retinal detachment associated with giant retinal tears.

Methods: We reviewed 45 eyes of 42 patients with primary retinal detachment associated with giant retinal tears over 10 years at a tertiary referral centre. Patients underwent 23-gauge vitrectomy without adjuvant scleral buckling by a single surgeon and had follow-up at least 6 months after silicone oil removal.

DEVELOPMENT OF PACHYCHOROID PIGMENT EPITHELIOPATHY AND TRANSFORMATION TO CENTRAL SEROUS CHORIORETINOPATHY AFTER INTRAVITREAL DEXAMETHASONE IMPLANTATION.

Purpose: To report first case of sequential development of pachychoroid pigment epitheliopathy (PPE) and central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) after repeated intravitreal dexamethasone implantations for diabetic macular edema treatment.

Methods: We present a case of a 54-year-old man having intravitreal dexamethasone implant for bilateral diabetic macular edema.

Results: We observed development of pachychoroid pigment epitheliopathy, seen as a small pigment epithelial detachment on optical coherence tomography after a fourth dexamethasone implantation.

Long-term follow-up of pachychoroid pigment epitheliopathy and lesion characteristics.

Aims: To investigate conversion of pachychoroid pigment epitheliopathy (PPE) lesions and the development of other pachychoroid spectrum diseases in patients with PPE during follow-up.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed medical records of 46 eyes of 44 patients who had a diagnosis of PPE and were followed up for at least 3 years.

Results: Eyes with PPE (17.

Correction to: Primary vitrectomy with short-term silicone oil tamponade for uncomplicated rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

Dear editor and readers, this letter is written to make you aware that the original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake.