A Qualitative Study Describing Experiences of Pregnancy Discrimination in the Workplace.

Objectives: Qualitatively assess experiences of occupational pregnancy discrimination.

Methods: A fully remote phenomenological qualitative study was completed leveraging semistructured interviews with a sample of pregnant employees in the United States. Inclusion criteria included being pregnant, working at least 35 hours per week, employed at least 1 year at current employer, and without diagnosed depression/anxiety.

Associations of pelvic floor dysfunction and postnatal mental health: a systematic review.

Background: Postpartum mental health conditions are common and can have devastating effects for both mother and infant. Adverse birth outcomes increase the risk of postnatal mental health conditions. Pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) is a common adverse pregnancy outcome that may be a risk factor for postnatal mental health conditions.

Associations of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors with Depressive Symptoms and Mood Disturbance Throughout Pregnancy.

Mental health is critical for a healthy pregnancy, yet few studies have evaluated its associations with best practice, objectively measured moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) or sedentary behavior (SED). This study evaluated associations of MVPA and SED with mental health across pregnancy. Two cohort studies (total  = 125, mean [standard deviation] 31 [5] years, and 14.

Resistance exercise lowers blood pressure and improves vascular endothelial function in individuals with elevated blood pressure or stage-1 hypertension.

Lifestyle modifications are the first-line treatment recommendation for elevated blood pressure (BP) or stage-1 hypertension (E/S1H) and include resistance exercise training (RET). The purpose of the current study was to examine the effect of a 9-wk RET intervention in line with the current exercise guidelines for individuals with E/S1H on resting peripheral and central BP, vascular endothelial function, central arterial stiffness, autonomic function, and inflammation in middle-aged and older adults (MA/O) with untreated E/S1H. Twenty-six MA/O adults (54 ± 6 yr; 16 females/10 males) with E/S1H engaged in either 9 wk of 3 days/wk RET ( = 13) or a nonexercise control (Con; = 13).

Study Design and Protocol of the Multisite Pregnancy 24/7 Cohort Study.

Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and other adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs) are associated with an increased risk of future maternal cardiovascular disease. Physical activity during pregnancy reduces the risk of these APOs, yet few meet physical activity guidelines during pregnancy. Little is known about the role of sedentary behavior or sleep in APOs, a critical gap in knowledge given these behaviors comprise the majority of a 24-hour day.

Physical Activity Among Rural Men: Barriers and Preferences.

Introduction: Physical activity positively affects health. Although 94% of Americans know the health benefits of regular physical activity, more than 75% do not achieve recommended levels. The objective of our study was to identify and define the key components of a physical activity intervention tailored to rural American men.

Occupational Pregnancy Discrimination Is Associated With Negative Health Impacts for Pregnant Persons and Their Children.

Objective: The aim of the study is to examine associations between occupational pregnancy discrimination, maternal, and child health.

Methods: A nationwide sample of individuals currently in their third trimester of pregnancy who worked full-time (>35 hr/wk) were recruited. Surveys were completed during the third trimester and 6 weeks postpartum.

Associations of Physical Activity and Lactation Duration With Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: The CARDIA Study.

Background: Physical activity (PA) and lactation benefit cardiometabolic health.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to describe the joint associations of PA and lactation with cardiometabolic risk.

Methods: We averaged PA across exams and summed lifetime lactation in Black and White parous women in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study.

Psychological resources and incident hypertension in the coronary artery risk development in young adults (CARDIA) study.

Objective: Examining factors that may protect against the development of hypertension is critical, as hypertension is a major public health concern. We examined the individual and combined associations of psychological resources (optimism and mastery) on incident hypertension over 15 years.

Method: We used data from four exams of the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study over 15 years (CARDIA exam years 15-30).

Contribution of social, behavioral, and contextual exposures to Black-White disparities in incident obesity: The CARDIA study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to quantify the contributions of socioeconomic, psychosocial, behavioral, reproductive, and neighborhood exposures in young adulthood to Black-White differences in incident obesity.

Methods: In the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study, 4488 Black or White adults aged 18 to 30 years without obesity at baseline (1985-1986) were followed over 30 years. Sex-specific Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate Black-White differences in incident obesity.

Analysis of Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Early Adulthood and Midlife With All-Cause Mortality and Fatal or Nonfatal Cardiovascular Disease.

Importance: Optimizing cardiovascular fitness is a prevention strategy against premature death and cardiovascular disease (CVD) events. Since this evidence has largely been established in older populations, the importance of cardiorespiratory fitness during earlier periods of adulthood remains unclear.

Objective: To examine the association of early-adulthood cardiorespiratory fitness and percentage of early-adulthood cardiorespiratory fitness retained during midlife with subsequent risk of all-cause mortality and CVD-related morbidity and mortality overall as well as by sex and race.

Brachial-femoral pulse wave velocity in 2-4-year-old children: a feasibility study.

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) progression occurs across the lifespan. However, available measures of CVD risk in young children are limited. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) is a gold-standard, noninvasive measure of CVD risk that has been studied in children ages 6-18 years.

Long-term association of pericardial adipose tissue with incident diabetes and prediabetes: the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study.

Objectives: We examined whether pericardial adipose tissue (PAT) is predictive of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes over time.

Methods: In total, 2,570 adults without prediabetes/diabetes from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study were followed up over 15 years. PAT volume was measured by computed tomography scans, and the new onset of prediabetes/diabetes was examined 5 years, 10 years, and 15 years after the PAT measurements.

Prepregnancy Protein Source and BCAA Intake Are Associated with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in the CARDIA Study.

Diet quality and protein source are associated with type 2 diabetes, however relationships with GDM are less clear. This study aimed to determine whether prepregnancy diet quality and protein source are associated with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Participants were 1314 Black and White women without diabetes, who had at least one birth during 25 years of follow-up in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) cohort study.

Concurrent Agreement Between ActiGraph and activPAL for Measuring Physical Activity in Pregnant Women and Office Workers.

Introduction: Current best practice for objective measurement of sedentary behavior and moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) requires two separate devices. This study assessed concurrent agreement between the ActiGraph GT3X and the activPAL3 micro for measuring MVPA to determine if activPAL can accurately measure MVPA in addition to its known capacity to measure sedentary behavior.

Methods: Forty participants from two studies, including pregnant women ( = 20) and desk workers ( = 20), provided objective measurement of MVPA from waist-worn ActiGraph GT3X and thigh-worn activPAL micro3.

Feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of a single-arm, remotely-delivered health coaching intervention to increase physical activity and reduce sedentary behavior during pregnancy.

Background: Interventions targeting physical activity and sedentary behavior concurrently in pregnancy may be an ideal strategy to reduce the risk of pregnancy complications. We assessed the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of a single-arm, remotely-delivered health coaching intervention to promote physical activity and reduce sedentary behavior in pregnancy.

Methods: Women (n = 34) between 8 and 12 weeks gestation were recruited to take part in the INcreasing Steps in PREgnancy (INSPiRE) study.

Ten-Year Changes in Television Viewing and Physical Activity Are Associated With Concurrent 10-Year Change in Pericardial Adiposity: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study.

Background: Longitudinal association of television (TV) viewing and moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) with pericardial adipose tissue (PAT) is unclear.

Methods: We studied Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study participants transitioning from early to middle age at Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) exam years 15 (2000-2001; N = 1975, mean age = 40.4, 55.

Factors Associated with Age-Related Declines in Cardiorespiratory Fitness from Early Adulthood Through Midlife: CARDIA.

Purpose: This study aimed to describe maximal and submaximal cardiorespiratory fitness from early adulthood to midlife and examine differences in maximal fitness at age 20 yr and changes in fitness overtime by subcategories of sociodemographic, behavioral, and health-related factors.

Methods: Data include 5018 Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults participants (mean (SD) age, 24.8 (3.

Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Associations of Lifestyle Behaviors with Pericardial Adipose Tissue: The MESA Study.

Purpose: We examined associations of sedentary behavior (SB), light-intensity physical activity (LPA), and moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) with pericardial adipose tissue (PAT).

Methods: Adults from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis were included from exam years 1 (2000-2002; N = 6057; mean age, 62.2 yr; 52.

Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Adults Aged 18 to 34 Years and Long-Term Pericardial Adipose Tissue (from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study).

Pericardial adipose tissue (PAT), an ectopic adipose depot surrounding the coronary arteries, is a pathogenic risk marker for cardiometabolic disease; however, the association between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and PAT is unclear. Young adults (n = 2,614, mean age 25.1 years, 55.

Examining the impact of 12-hour day and night shifts on nurses' fatigue: A prospective cohort study.

: Fatigue is prevalent among hospital nurses and has been linked to medical errors and decreased patient safety. However, little is known regarding the relationship between occupational physical activity, sedentary behavior, and fatigue. : To assess the impact of 12-hour shifts on nurses' fatigue and its relationship to occupational physical activity and sedentary behavior.

Measurement of Barriers, Attitudes, and Expectations for Sitting Less in Pregnancy.

Objective: Our objective was to develop, validate, and describe findings from an instrument to measure barriers, attitudes, and outcome expectations of sitting less in pregnant women.

Methods: This validation (sub-study 1) and descriptive study (sub-study 2) evaluated a new questionnaire measuring sedentary time in pregnant women (N=131) in each trimester.

Results: In sub-study 1, construct validity was supported by associations between device-measured sedentary time and questionnaire scores.