Medicine and Law in the Times of COVID-19 Pandemic: Understanding the Interphase.

Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) has heralded a wide set of challenges involving not only the medical management of the patients but also the legal dilemma with regards to provision of healthcare services. The medical professionals have experienced difficulty in balancing their obligations and duties toward the patients, and their own right to safeguard self, family, and their clinical establishments. The professional regulatory bodies and government have formulated new policies and amended laws to control the current situation.

Susceptibility Weighted With Quantitative Phase Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Differentiation of Various Stages of Hemorrhage and Calcification in Female Pelvic Pathologies: A Preliminary Study.

Background: The purposes of this study were to assess the value of phase for characterization of female pelvic lesions with hemorrhage in various stages and to differentiate them from calcified lesions at 3.0-T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods: Forty-four female patients with hemorrhagic (n = 37) or calcified (n = 7) pelvic pathology underwent conventional MRI including susceptibility-weighted imaging with phase information.

Acquiring nutrients from tree leaves: effects of leaf maturity and development type on a generalist caterpillar.

The rapid growth and prolific reproduction of many insect herbivores depend on the efficiencies and rates with which they acquire nutrients from their host plants. However, little is known about how nutrient assimilation efficiencies are affected by leaf maturation or how they vary between plant species. Recent work showed that leaf maturation can greatly decrease the protein assimilation efficiency (PAE) of Lymantria dispar caterpillars on some tree species, but not on species in the willow family (Salicaceae).

Sesamol-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles for treatment of skin cancer.

Abstract Role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in skin carcinogenesis is well documented. Natural molecules, like sesamol, with marked antioxidant potential can be useful in combating skin cancers. In vitro antiproliferative (using MTT assay) and DNA fragmentation studies in HL 60 cell lines, confirmed the apoptotic nature of sesamol.

A brief review of voice restoration following total laryngectomy.

Despite advances in conservative laryngeal surgery and radiotherapy, total laryngectomy still remains the procedure of choice for advanced-stage (UICC T3 and T4) laryngeal carcinoma, around the world. The functional rehabilitation of the laryngectomized patients has been a concern of head and neck surgeons and speech therapists. Significant developments in speech rehabilitation over the past three decades have led to substantial improvements in the quality of life of these patients.

Role of novel delivery systems in developing topical antioxidants as therapeutics to combat photoageing.

Ageing proceeds by highly complicated biochemical processes, in which the involvement of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and free radicals has been implicated. Reactive oxygen species are dramatically enhanced by exposure to the ultraviolet radiation. Free radical scavengers and antioxidants can thus provide a long-term protection against these changes.

Effect of a post-dinner snack and partial meal replacement program on weight loss.

The objectives of this study were to examine whether providing a structured post-dinner snack would enhance weight loss among obese night snackers participating in a novel partial meal replacement (PMR) program and to examine the efficacy of that program. Sixty adults (age 18-65 years; body mass index >or=30 kg/m2), 29 randomized to the 'post-dinner snack' and 32 to the 'no snack' groups, completed the 8-week program. Both groups showed improvements in weight (-4.

Health aspects of the Tsunami disaster in Asia.

This is a summary of the proceedings of the Conference on the Health Aspects of the Tsunami Disaster in Asia that was convened by the World Health Organization in Phuket, Thailand from 04-06 May 2005. It contains reviews of the experiences of the health sector and early recovery following the Earthquake and Tsunami with emphasis on what was done well and what could have been done better and the lessons learned that can be incorporated into actions that will mitigate the damage created by future events. It outlines the national and international responses and recovery and the actions taken and not taken by the international community in support of the countries affected.

Novel short-term effects of adenovirus Ad-36 on hamster lipoproteins.

Objective: Human adenovirus Ad-36 induces adiposity and lowers total serum cholesterol in chickens, mice and marmosets and Ad-36 antibodies are associated with human obesity. We examined the early effects of Ad-36 inoculation on plasma cholesterol levels in hamsters fed a hyperlipidemic diet.

Design: A total of 32 male Golden Syrian hamsters were divided into two equal weight-matched groups and intranasally inoculated with Ad-36 (INF: infected) or media (CON: control).

An international perspective on the impact of AIDS and national AIDS education policies and programmes.

During the past decade, the shadow of AIDS has lengthened to touch the lives of many millions of people around the world. The AIDS epidemic is now a global phenomenon with significant social, economic, demographic, legislative and political implications, as well as crucial practical concerns for civil rights, public health and development. This paper considers the growing global impact of AIDS, and attempts a comparative review of national responses, in terms of policies and programmes for AIDS prevention through education and health promotion.

AIDS education in rural Uganda--a way forward.

A survey of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related knowledge and attitudes was conducted during July and August 1988 in rural SW Uganda. The aim was to assess the impact of Uganda's AIDS education programme and to consider how future programmes could be more effectively implemented. Four hundred and seventy-six individuals aged 12-45 years were selected by a quota method, to form a sample stratified by age and sex.

Lake Nyos disaster, Cameroon, 1986: the medical effects of large scale emission of carbon dioxide?

Carbon dioxide was blamed for the deaths of around 1700 people in Cameroon, west Africa, in 1986 when a massive release of gas occurred from Lake Nyos, a volcanic crater lake. The clinical findings in 845 survivors seen at or admitted to hospital were compatible with exposure to an asphyxiant gas. Rescuers noted cutaneous erythema and bullae on an unknown proportion of corpses and 161 (19%) survivors treated in hospital; though these lesions were initially believed to be burns from acidic gases, further investigation suggested that they were associated with coma states caused by exposure to carbon dioxide in air.

Lessons from the outbreak of food poisoning at Stanley Royd Hospital: what are health authorities doing now?

The committee of inquiry into the outbreak of food poisoning at Stanley Royd Hospital identified serious deficiencies in the management of the outbreak and urged all health authorities to learn from the incident and prepare adequate plans for dealing with any future outbreaks. A survey of district health authorities in England showed that most authorities do not yet have a written plan or that their plans are incomplete and inadequate. The appreciable resistance to such planning suggests that most health authorities would be unable to deal with outbreaks of food poisoning effectively and efficiently.