Nodular Lymphocyte Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma With Aberrant Immunophenotype or Variant Histopathology: Insights From Case Series of Three Patients.

Background: Nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL) with variant histopathology or aberrant immunophenotype is exceedingly rare and there is paucity of data with regards to its clinical characteristics and course.

Case Report: Herein, we present three cases of NLPHL with aberrant immunophenotype or variant histopathological picture, which displayed distinct clinical and imaging findings. These case reports involved a patient with CD30 and CD20 positivity without Reed-Sternberg cells present, a NLPHL patient with aggressive, persistent disease activity with progressive transformation to germinal centres, and a patient with combined morphology of NLPHL and classical Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Management of Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation for High-Risk AML following SARS-CoV-2 Associated Pancytopenia with Marked Bone Marrow Biopsy Alterations.

The present study describes a patient aged 70 with very high-risk AML who successfully received a nonmyeloablative matched unrelated donor allograft shortly following SARS-CoV-2 infection, which manifested with mild cough, interstitial abnormalities on chest CT, and pancytopenia with profound bone marrow biopsy histological alterations. In parallel, our study provides bone marrow biopsy data in a series of contemporary patients with serious haematological diseases who had a bone marrow biopsy performed within two weeks of PCR confirmation of SARS-CoV-2 infection. This study is notable because there are no published data describing the bone marrow biopsy changes observed in patients with haematological malignancies and SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Autoimmune Cytopenias Developing Late Post Alemtuzumab-Based Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation: Presentation of Short Case Series from a Transplant Center.

Stem cell transplantation remains the curative option for many patients with hematological malignancies. The long-term effects of these treatments on the patients and their immune systems have been extensively investigated, but there remains a paucity of data regarding autoimmune manifestations post-transplant, although these effects are well recognized.Herein we present the clinical picture and therapeutic approach in three patients (cases 1-3), with varied presentations of autoimmune disease post-transplant.

First case of near haploid philadelphia negative B-Cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia relapsing as acute myeloid leukemia following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Herein we present a female patient aged 61 with Philadelphia negative acute lymphoblastic leukaemia demonstrating near haploid karyotype and abnormal TP53 expression at diagnosis, who relapsed with lineage switch as Acute Monocytic Leukemia post allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Molecular analysis established that both neoplasms were derived from the same founder clone. The leukemic lineage switch phenomenon has recently re-attracted interest as mechanism of leukemic evasion post treatment with chimeric antigen receptor T-cells but there is paucity of data on its presence post allograft or following novel antibody treatments such as Inotuzumab Ozogamicin or Blinatumomab.

Graft-versus-leukaemia effect post fludarabine, melphalan and alemtuzumab reduced intensity allogeneic stem cell transplantat in HIV-infected patient with acute myeloid leukaemia.

Allogeneic stem cell transplantation (Allo-HSCT) is sine qua non to cure high-risk acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). In spite the advent of highly active antiretroviral treatment, HIV-infected patients display a remarkable risk for haematological neoplasms such as non-Hodgkin lymphomas, Hodgkin lymphoma and acute leukaemia. Several case series have confirmed the efficacy of the autologous stem cell transplantation for the treatment of non-Hodgkin lymphomas in the HIV setting.

Reduced-intensity conditioning allogeneic transplantation after salvage treatment with DT-PACE in myeloma patients relapsing early after autologous transplant.

Objective: In this retrospective single-centre study, we have looked into the transplant outcomes(overall survival OS, progression-free survival PFS, GvHD) and the role of chimerism, DLI and pretransplant characteristics in patients who had a suboptimal response (<12 months) to an autologous stem cell transplant for myeloma and underwent an alemtuzumab T-cell depleted reduced-intensity allograft(RIC).

Methods: Twenty-four patients were salvaged with two cycles of DT-PACE and received a RIC transplant with fludarabine, melphalan and alemtuzumab. All the patients received PBSC grafts, eight patients had a sibling donor, and 16 had a graft from a fully matched unrelated donor.

Multiple cutaneous reticulohistiocytosis with T-cell large granular lymphocyte clonopathy.

A 63-year-old Caucasian man presented with a 4-month history of disseminated asymptomatic reddish-brown papulonodular lesions. A skin biopsy showed dermal infiltration with CD68 histiocytes, predominantly with eosinophilic cytoplasm, some with a ground-glass cytoplasm, and a small number of giant cells. The diagnosis of multiple cutaneous reticulohistiocytosis was made.

Enhanced levels of the apoptotic BAX/BCL-2 ratio in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and high-risk features.

It has been suggested that leukemia is characterized by an impaired balance between the proliferation of blood cells and their capacity to undergo apoptosis. The aim of this study was to examine the expression of key molecules related to apoptosis (BCL-2, BAX, FAS, FAS-L) in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Measurement of BCL-2 and BAX mRNA was performed by quantitative real-time PCR, and membrane expression of FAS and FAS-L was assessed by flow cytometry in bone marrow mononuclear cells, both at diagnosis and at remission following induction chemotherapy.

The relationship between soluble receptor of interleukin-6 with angiogenic cytokines and proliferation markers in multiple myeloma.

Soluble interleukin-6 receptor (sIL-6R) is part of IL-6 receptor that may stimulate cells that do not express the whole molecule. It may enhance myeloma cell proliferation and furthermore angiogenesis. The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical significance and the relationship between serum levels of sIL-6R, with various stimulators of angiogenesis, such as hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and interleukin-18 (IL-18) and with markers of proliferation, such as beta-2 microglobulin (B2M) levels and plasma cell Ki-67 proliferation index in the bone marrow, in patients with multiple myeloma (MM).

Coexistence of plasma cell dyscrasia with prefibrotic stage of primary myelofibrosis: a case report.

Introduction. Coexistence of myeloproliferative neoplasms with lymphoproliferative syndromes has been described in the past, whereas plasma cell dyscrasias seem to be the most common cases. Case Presentation.

Assessment of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and its relationship with proinflammatory cytokines and parameters of disease activity in multiple myeloma patients.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant plasma cell disease. Several proinflammatory cytokines produced by malignant plasma cells and bone marrow (BM) stromal cells are involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. We evaluated serum levels of the proinflammatory cytokines Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Interleukin-8 (IL-8), macrophage inflammatory protein-1α (MIP-1α), in MM patients before treatment, and determined its significance in tumor progression.

Angiogenesis-related cytokines, RANKL, and osteoprotegerin in multiple myeloma patients in relation to clinical features and response to treatment.

An essential cytokine system for the osteoclast biology in multiple myeloma (MM) consists of the receptor of activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL), its receptor (RANK), and the soluble decoy receptor, osteoprotegerin (OPG). Myeloma cells cause imbalance in OPG/RANKL interactions. We measured serum levels of OPG, soluble (s) RANKL, sRANKL/OPG ratio, markers of disease activity [LDH, CRP, interleukin-6 (IL-6), β2-microglobulin (B2M)], and angiogenic factors [hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)], in 54 newly diagnosed MM patients and in 25 of them in plateau phase.

Monitoring serum levels ELR+ CXC chemokines and the relationship between microvessel density and angiogenic growth factors in multiple myeloma.

Background: The ELR+ CXC chemokines are important mediators of tumorigenesis, related to their angiogenic properties. Angiogenesis appears to be a prominent feature in the progression of multiple myeloma (MM). CXC chemokines have four highly conserved cysteine amino acid residues, with the first two cysteine molecules separated by a single amino acid.