Nalbuphine pretreatment in cesarean section patients receiving epidural morphine.

A double-blind, placebo-controlled study of 60 patients post cesarean delivery was conducted to determine whether nalbuphine reverses the side effects of pruritus and respiratory depression associated with epidurally administered morphine. Patients randomly received either three doses of intravenous nalbuphine or the equivalent volume of saline. Vital signs, sedation, pain, pruritus and oxygen saturation were assessed hourly for 18 hours.

Fluid through the epidural needle does not reduce complications of epidural catheter insertion.

Epidural catheter insertion may be associated with blood vessel trauma or nerve root irritation. The purpose of this study was to assess whether the injection of small amounts of fluid through the Tuohy needle prior to catheter insertion reduced the incidence of these and other minor complications. Two hundred patients in labour, requesting epidural analgesia, were randomly assigned to one of three groups: Group I--the catheter was inserted without previous injection of fluid; Group II--3 ml, 1.

Comparative evaluation of propofol and thiopentone for total intravenous anaesthesia.

Sixty unpremedicated ASA physical status I or II patients scheduled for surgical procedures of intermediate duration (15 to 60 min) were studied to evaluate the safety and efficacy of propofol, to measure recovery times and to compare the return of psychomotor and cognitive function with thiopentone. Patients were randomly allocated into two groups. Anaesthesia was induced and maintained by either propofol (2.