The role of blood microfilters in clinical practice.

Blood filters have been available since the 1930s. In this review we evaluate the role of microaggregate filters (MF) in certain transfusion complications, namely non-haemolytic febrile transfusion reactions (NHFTR), pulmonary injury, thrombocytopenia, fibronectin depletion and histamine release. We review the latest generation of leucocyte depleting filters and discuss their role in preventing alloimmunisation, immunosuppression and CMV transmission.

Adrenaline in treatment of septic shock: effects on haemodynamics and oxygen transport.

The effects of adrenaline on haemodynamics and oxygen transport were studied in 13 patients with septic shock persisting after optimal fluid loading. Adrenaline was administered by intravenous infusion at an increasing dose until no further benefit was seen. There were significant increases in mean arterial pressure, cardiac index, left ventricular stroke work index and oxygen delivery index.

Propofol infusion for control of status epilepticus.

Two patients with status epilepticus who were resistant to conventional treatment but responded to propofol infusions are reported. An electroencephalogram confirmed the seizures and their successful treatment.

Encephalitis lethargica.

We report a case of encephalitis lethargica, who presented major intensive care problems, particularly with respect to hyperirritability and convulsions, but who went on to complete recovery. This case would encourage a more aggressive attitude to the management of encephalitis.

Penile hyperexcitability with recurrent ejaculations as the presenting manifestation of a case of rabies.

A patient with rabies presented with penile hypersensitivity and recurrent ejaculation. This preceded the more classical manifestations such as hydrophobia and aerophobia by approximately 8 hours. A review of the literature reveals that a variety of urogenital symptoms may rarely occur in rabies.