Impact of High-Voltage Device Implantation in Elderly Japanese Patients With Heart Failure as Primary Prevention - Post Hoc Analysis of HINODE.

Background: Despite an increased incidence of chronic heart failure (HF) and sudden cardiac death (SCD), the use of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) and cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is much lower in Japan than in Western countries. The HF Indication and SCD Prevention Trial Japan (HINODE) prospectively assessed the mortality rate, appropriately treated ventricular arrhythmias (VA), and HF in Japanese patients with a higher risk of HF.

Methods and results: HINODE consisted of ICD, CRT-defibrillator (CRT-D), pacing, and non-device treatment cohorts.

Impact of Preprocedural Frailty Status in Elderly Transvenous Pacemaker Recipients.

The number of TV-PM implantations in elderly people is increasing. Although frailty syndrome is common in elderly patients, the relationship between the pre-procedural frailty status and clinical outcomes has not been fully elucidated in elderly TV-PM recipients.This study included 103 consecutive patients over 80 years old who were newly implanted with a TV-PM (age 85.

Risk of Mortality Prediction Involving Time-Varying Covariates for Patients with Heart Failure Using Deep Learning.

Heart failure (HF) is challenging public medical and healthcare systems. This study aimed to develop and validate a novel deep learning-based prognostic model to predict the risk of all-cause mortality for patients with HF. We also compared the performance of the proposed model with those of classical deep learning- and traditional statistical-based models.

Exploring and Identifying Prognostic Phenotypes of Patients with Heart Failure Guided by Explainable Machine Learning.

Identifying patient prognostic phenotypes facilitates precision medicine. This study aimed to explore phenotypes of patients with heart failure (HF) corresponding to prognostic condition (risk of mortality) and identify the phenotype of new patients by machine learning (ML). A unsupervised ML was applied to explore phenotypes of patients in a derivation dataset (n = 562) based on their medical records.

[Successful Surgical Correction of Partial Atrioventricular Septal Defect in an Elderly Patient:Report of a Case].

There are only few reports on surgery for partial atrioventricular septal defect( pAVSD) in patients aged over 70 years. This report is about successful surgical correction of pAVSD in a 79-year-old women. Echocardiography showed left-sided atrioventricular valve regurgitation with cleft and ostium primum atrial septal defect, but without ventricular septal defect.

Deep Learning-Based Recurrence Prediction of Atrial Fibrillation After Catheter Ablation.

Background: Radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) is an effective therapy for atrial fibrillation (AF). However, it the problem of AF recurrence remains. This study investigates whether a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) can accurately predict AF recurrence in patients with AF who underwent RFCA, and compares CNN with conventional statistical analysis.

Safety and feasibility of implanting a transvenous implantable cardioverter defibrillator (TV-ICD) in the left axilla.

Background: Transvenous implantable cardioverter defibrillator (TV-ICD) systems are commonly implanted in the left anterior chest because of an easier implantation and better defibrillation threshold. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and feasibility of left axillary implantations of TV-ICD systems.

Methods: We performed left axillary TV-ICD implantations and compared that to the major complication rate and operation time of the conventional TV-ICD implantation site (left anterior chest).

Impact of right atrial structural remodeling on recurrence after ablation for atrial fibrillation.

Background: Recurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF) after pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) is associated with left atrial (LA) remodeling; however, its association with right atrial (RA) remodeling remains unclear.

Objective: This study aimed to identify whether RA structural remodeling could predict recurrence of AF after PVI.

Methods: This study prospectively analyzed 245 patients with AF who had undergone PVI.

Impact of atrial mitral and tricuspid regurgitation on atrial fibrillation recurrence after ablation.

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) induces functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) and tricuspid regurgitation (FTR) during atrial remodeling. FMR and FTR are associated with AF prognosis, but the effects for AF recurrence after ablation have not been determined conclusively.

Methods: Two hundred thirty nine patients who underwent AF ablation were enrolled.

Lesion size and adjacent tissue damage assessment with high power and short duration radiofrequency ablation: comparison to conventional radiofrequency ablation power setting.

There is increased interest in creating high-power short duration (HPSD) ablation lesions in the field of atrial fibrillation (AF) radiofrequency ablation (RFA). We evaluated the lesion characteristics and collateral damage using two separate RFA protocols setting (HPSD: 50 W and 7 s vs control: 25 W and 30 s) in vitro model. Sixteen freshly killed porcine hearts were obtained, and the atrium and ventricle slabs were harvested for ablation.

The Association of Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index (CAVI) with Biatrial Remodeling in Atrial Fibrillation.

Aim: Arterial stiffness results in elevated left ventricular filling pressure and can promote atrial remodeling due to chronic pressure overload. However, the impact of arterial stiffness on the process of atrial remodeling in association with atrial fibrillation (AF) has not been fully evaluated.

Methods: We enrolled 237 consecutive patients diagnosed with AF who had undergone ablation; data from 213 patients were analyzed.

Usefulness of an isoproterenol infusion to differentiate a left atrial appendage thrombus in a patient with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation.

A 78-year-old male with a history of a cardiac embolic stroke due to persistent AF and cerebral bleeding (CHADS2 score 4, HAS-BLED score 4) was referred to our hospital to implant a left atrial appendage (LAA) closure (LAAC) device. A trans esophageal echocardiography was performed and a high echoic lesion that was difficult to differentiate the spontaneous echo contrast or thrombus was found in the LAA cavity. After isoproterenol infusion, a high echoic lesion disappeared and we confirmed that it was not an LAA thrombus.

Outcome of pitavastatin versus atorvastatin therapy in patients with hypercholesterolemia at high risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.

Background: There has been no report about outcome of pitavastatin versus atorvastatin therapy in high-risk patients with hypercholesterolemia.

Methods: Hypercholesterolemic patients with one or more risk factors for atherosclerotic diseases (n = 664, age = 65, male = 54%, diabetes = 76%, primary prevention = 74%) were randomized to receive pitavastatin 2 mg/day (n = 332) or atorvastatin 10 mg/day (n = 332). Follow-up period was 240 weeks.

The impact of sleep apnea on right atrial structural remodeling with atrial fibrillation.

Background: Atrial remodeling associated with atrial fibrillation (AF) and sleep apnea is well known. Although sleep apnea is known to be associated with left atrial (LA) remodeling, its association with right atrial (RA) remodeling remains unclear. The study aimed to investigate the effect of sleep apnea on RA remodeling.

Analysis of Heart Rate Variability in a Patient with Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy Syndrome on the Actual Onset Day.

A healthy 73-year-old woman unpredictably developed Takotsubo cardiomyopathy syndrome (TTS) during Holter-electrocardiogram (ECG) recording. Thus, the complete chronological ECG data on the actual onset day of TTS were obtained. Many heart rate variability (HRV) parameters, including the low-frequency components (LF) and the high-frequency components (HF), on the actual onset day and in the healing phase were calculated.

Retrospective cohort study of the efficacy and safety of dabigatran: real-life dabigatran use including very low-dose 75 mg twice daily administration.

Background: Dabigatran is a direct thrombin inhibitor and an anticoagulant that is prescribed to prevent ischemic stroke and systemic embolism in non-valvular atrial fibrillation. Dabigatran (150 mg twice daily) is non-inferior to warfarin for the prevention of stroke and systemic embolism. A dose reduction to 110 mg twice daily should be considered for patients with decreased renal function, elderly patients, and those with a history of gastrointestinal bleeding.

Congenital Absence of Left Atrial Appendage Diagnosed by Multimodality Imaging.

A 70-years-old male with a history of hypertension and drug resistant paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) presented to our hospital for catheter ablation to his symptomatic AF. He had no prior surgical or percutaneous procedure to close or exclude the left atrial appendage (LAA). A transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) was performed to rule out intra-cardiac thrombus prior to the ablation procedure.

The first multicenter, randomized, controlled trial of home telemonitoring for Japanese patients with heart failure: home telemonitoring study for patients with heart failure (HOMES-HF).

Home telemonitoring is becoming more important to home medical care for patients with heart failure. Since there are no data on home telemonitoring for Japanese patients with heart failure, we investigated its effect on cardiovascular outcomes. The HOMES-HF study was the first multicenter, open-label, randomized, controlled trial (RCT) to elucidate the effectiveness of home telemonitoring of physiological data, such as body weight, blood pressure, and pulse rate, for Japanese patients with heart failure (UMIN Clinical Trials Registry 000006839).

Impact of the Relationship between the Defibrillation Threshold (DFT) and Clinical Outcomes in Recipients of Modern Era Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD).

Defibrillation threshold (DFT) testing during implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) implantations is considered necessary for appropriate shock therapy and to measure the safety margin. However, the relationship between the DFT with modern era devices and the clinical outcome, including the total mortality is limited, which may lead to DFT testing itself being questioned. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the DFT and clinical outcome in ICD recipients.

Paget-Schroetter Syndrome Resulting from Thoracic Outlet Syndrome and KAATSU Training.

A 29-year-old woman who worked as a KAATSU (a type of body exercise that involves blood flow restriction) instructor visited our emergency room with a chief complaint of swelling and left upper limb pain. Chest computed tomography (CT) showed non-uniform contrast images corresponding to the site from the left axillary vein to the left subclavian vein; vascular ultrasonography of the upper limb revealed a thrombotic obstruction at the same site, leading to a diagnosis of Paget-Schroetter syndrome (PSS). We herein report our experience with a case of PSS derived from thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS), in a patient who was a KAATSU instructor.

Prognostic importance of sodium level trajectory in acute heart failure.

Low sodium levels are strongly associated with poor prognosis in acute heart failure (AHF); however, the prognostic impact of the sodium level trajectory overtime has not been determined. A secondary analysis of the AQUAMARINE study in which patients with AHF and renal impairment were randomized to receive either tolvaptan or conventional treatment was performed. Sodium levels were evaluated at the baseline and at 6, 12, 24, and 48 h.

Early treatment with tolvaptan improves diuretic response in acute heart failure with renal dysfunction.

Background: Poor response to diuretics is associated with worse prognosis in patients with acute heart failure (AHF). We hypothesized that treatment with tolvaptan improves diuretic response in patients with AHF.

Methods: We performed a secondary analysis of the AQUAMARINE open-label randomized study in which a total of 217 AHF patients with renal impairment (eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.