Global cognition and executive functions of older adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus without dementia.

Aims/introduction: This study aimed to characterize the global cognition and executive functions of older adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus in comparison with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Materials And Methods: This study included 37 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus aged ≥65 years and 37 age- and sex-matched patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Patients with dementia scoring <24 on the Mini-Mental State Examination were excluded.

Successful treatment of adult-onset nesidioblastosis by continuous subcutaneous octreotide infusion in a patient on hemodialysis.

Octreotide may be useful in noninsulinoma pancreatogenous hypoglycemia syndrome with nesidioblastosis patients who was on hemodialysis. Continuous octreotide subcutaneous infusion can reduce side-effects and stabilize plasma glucose levels.

Slowly Progressive Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Current Knowledge And Future Perspectives.

Slowly progressive type 1 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (SPIDDM), sometimes referred to as latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA), is a heterogeneous disease that is often confused with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. As a result, there were few diagnostic criteria for this disorder until 2012, when the Japan Diabetes Society established criteria that could be used in clinical practice. A primary question is whether pathologic markers for type 1 or type 2 diabetes are present in the pancreas of patients with SPIDDM, because the phenotype of SPIDDM is similar to both type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

Apnea Hypopnea Index During Rapid Eye Movement Sleep With Diabetic Retinopathy in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes.

Context: Recent studies based on home sleep apnea testing (HSAT) reported the potential association of sleep disordered breathing, such as obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), with diabetic retinopathy (DR). A few studies showed that the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep (REM-AHI) is associated with glycated hemoglobin and hypertension, two known risk factors for DR. However, there are no studies that have evaluated the association of REM-AHI with DR because previous studies were based on HSAT.

Effect of Sleep-Disordered Breathing on Albuminuria in 273 Patients With Type 2 Diabetes.

Study Objectives: Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) can induce hyperglycemia, hypertension, and oxidative stress, conditions that are known to cause kidney damage. Therefore, SDB may exacerbate albuminuria, which is an established marker of early-stage kidney damage in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The association between SDB and albuminuria in patients with T2DM was investigated in this study.

Aggravation of diabetes, and incompletely deficient insulin secretion in a case with type 1 diabetes-resistant human leukocyte antigen DRB1*15:02 treated with nivolumab.

Anti-programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) antibody therapy induces various adverse effects, especially in the endocrine system. Several cases of acute-onset insulin-dependent diabetes after anti-PD-1 antibody therapy have been reported. Many of these cases have a susceptible human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genotype for type 1 diabetes, possibly suggesting that HLA might be involved in the onset of diabetes with anti-PD-1 therapy.

Efficacy and safety of repaglinide added to sitagliptin in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes: A randomized 24-week open-label clinical trial.

Although sitagliptin and repaglinide monotherapies improve postprandial hyperglycemia, the long-term effects and safety of their combination has not been examined. In this randomized 24-week trial of Japanese patients with poor control (HbA1c 7.0-8.

Exponential increase of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) antibody titer after initiating and stopping insulin in a patient with slowly progressive type 1 diabetes.

Few articles have described fluctuations in glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody (GADAb) levels after a diagnosis of slowly progressive type 1 diabetes (SPIDDM). Here, we present a case in which GADAb levels exponentially increased after initiating and stopping insulin. A 64-year-old female patient newly diagnosed with SPIDDM was admitted and started multiple daily insulin injections.

Relationship between sleep disordered breathing and diabetic retinopathy: Analysis of 136 patients with diabetes.

Aims: Sleep disordered breathing (SDB) is associated with poor glycemic control. However, whether SDB contributes to diabetic microangiopathies, especially diabetic retinopathy (DR), is unknown. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between SDB and DR.

Predictive value of titer of GAD antibodies for further progression of beta cell dysfunction in slowly progressive insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes (SPIDDM).

Aims: Whether the titer of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GADAs), especially a low titer, is a marker of progression of beta cell dysfunction in patients with slowly progressive insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes (SPIDDM) is unclear.

Materials And Methods: Patients were subdivided as follows: patients with high GADA titers [≥10 U/ml (≥180 WHO U/ml): high GADA] (group 1,  = 37); those with low GADA titers [<10 U/ml (<180 WHO U/ml): low GADA] (group 2,  = 33); those without GADA and with islet cell antibodies (ICA) (group 3,  = 8); those without both GADA and ICA and with insulinoma-associated antigen 2 antibodies (IA-2A) (group 4,  = 6). We also allocated 198 type 2 diabetic patients without any GADA, ICA or IA-2A as group 5.

Ketoacidosis as the initial clinical condition in nine patients with acromegaly: a review of 860 cases at a single institute.

Objective: Excess GH causes insulin resistance and impaired glucose metabolism. The objective of this study was to clarify the prevalence of ketoacidosis as the initial presenting symptom of acromegaly.

Design And Methods: Data were collected from 860 patients with acromegaly who underwent pituitary surgery at Toranomon Hospital over the last 32 years, between 1980 and 2011.

The best insulin injection pen device for caregivers: results of injection trials using five insulin injection devices.

Background: Insulin injection pens have been primarily developed for self-injection among individuals with diabetes. However, an increased elderly population with diabetes has caused an increase in the number of patients who cannot self-inject insulin. Consequently, caregivers inject insulin to the patients ("other-injection"); however, insulin injection devices have not yet been developed for other-injection use.

Glutest Neo Super--a new handheld blood glucose meter-corrects for the effects of the hematocrit values in both hematocrit-adjusted samples and samples obtained from anemic patients.

Background: Handheld blood glucose (BG) meters are convenient tools that are widely used to measure the BG levels. However, the hematocrit (Hct) value has been identified as a confounding factor for accurate BG measurement. Some BG meters are equipped with an Hct-correcting feature, whose effectiveness has been tested previously.

The relation of initial methimazole dose to the incidence of methimazole-induced agranulocytosis in patients with Graves' disease.

The relation between the incidence of methimazole (methylmercaptoimidazole; MMI)-induced agranulocytosis and initial MMI dose was evaluated in a group of 514 patients with Graves' disease who were treated between 1995 and 2005. One hundred and forty-six (28.40%) patients had received an initial dose of 30 mg MMI and 277 (53.