In vitro urease inhibition screening of some edible and medicinal herbs to combat Helicobacter pylori related gastric diseases.

Prevalence of gastric diseases caused by Helicobacter Pylori bacteria is very common especially in developing countries. H. pylori is not only responsible for initiating gastric complaints like gastritis and peptic ulcer but may also lead to gastric cancer.

Simulating online and offline tasks using hybrid cheetah optimization algorithm for patients affected by neurodegenerative diseases.

Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) is a versatile technique to offer better communication system for people affected by the locked-in syndrome (LIS).In the current decade, there has been a growing demand for improved care and services for individuals with neurodegenerative diseases. To address this barrier, the current work is designed with four states of BCI for paralyzed persons using Welch Power Spectral Density (W-PSD).

High-dose vitamin D to improve outcomes in the convalescent phase of complicated severe acute malnutrition in Pakistan: a double-blind randomised controlled trial (ViDiSAM).

We have previously shown that high-dose vitamin D improved weight gain and neurodevelopmental indices in children receiving standard therapy for uncomplicated severe acute malnutrition (SAM). Here we present results of a randomised placebo-controlled trial in Lahore, Pakistan, to determine whether two oral doses of 200,000 international units (IU) vitamin D (the first administered on or before the day of hospital discharge and the second administered 14 days later) would benefit children aged 6-59 months during the convalescent phase of complicated SAM. Eligible participants were individually randomised to intervention vs.

An easy to apply tube gel for lidocaine induced pain relief and 2-deoxy-d-ribose accelerated wound healing.

Many wounds can be challenging to manage because of pain and poor angiogenesis. An ideal treatment for such wounds would be a gel that can induce angiogenesis to accelerate wound healing and to reduce pain. Our aim in this study was to explore combining 2-deoxy-d-ribose (2dDR) to induce angiogenesis with lidocaine hydrochloride to reduce pain in the form of a tube-based gel.

Targeting quorum sensing in Pseudomonas aeruginosa with high-affinity inhibitors: A high-throughput screening and in-silico analysis.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a major pathogen in clinical settings, notorious for its intrinsic resistance to multiple antibiotics and ability to form biofilms, therefore, complicating treatment. This study reporting the results of a high-throughput screen of an antibacterial library targeting LasR, a key QS regulator in P. aeruginosa MB638, isolated from an infected surgical implant.

Immunological assessment of NSFu1: A novel fusion molecule constructed from structural proteins of SARS-CoV-2 for improving COVID-19 antibody detection.

The SARS-CoV-2 outbreak has claimed millions of lives and caused significant clinical challenges. The availability of a rapid, cost-effective, and sensitive test to detect antibodies at different stages of COVID-19 is crucial for effective clinical management, epidemiological studies, and public health surveillance. Four novel peptides (SF1, SF2, SF4, SF6) and two multi-epitope fusion proteins (SFu1 and NSFu1) from less variable regions of the spike and nucleocapsid proteins were developed.

Factors associated with thrombosis among solid organ cancer patients in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Background: Patients with solid organ cancers are at increased risk of developing cancer-associated thrombosis (CAT), a complication driven by a complex interplay of patient-specific factors, cancer characteristics, and treatment modalities. Data on CAT and its associated risk factors within diverse ethnic groups, such as the Malaysian population, remains limited. This observational, cohort study aimed to address this gap by determining the incidence of CAT and identifying associated risk factors among multi-ethnic Malaysian patients with solid organ cancers.

Efficacy of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus probiotic strains in treating chromate induced dermatitis.

Chromate induced dermatitis is a significant occupational health concern. Chromate (Cr) resistant Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus strains were isolated from commercial probiotic sachets PREPRO and HiFLORA. Among 13 Cr-resistant bacterial isolates, six were selected based on high chromate resistance at 500 ug/ml.

High incidence of multidrug-resistant organisms and modifiable risk factors associated with surgical site infections: a cohort study in a tertiary medical center in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia from 2020 to 2023.

Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) are a persistent challenge in healthcare, contributing significantly to patient morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. Despite advancements in preventive measures, SSIs remain prevalent, especially in countries like Malaysia where rates are higher than in high-income nations.

Methods: A prospective, cohort study was conducted at the University Malaya Medical Center (UMMC), Malaysia, from November 2020 to May 2023.

Intradermal delivery of teriflunomide loaded emulsomes using hollow microneedles for effective minimally invasive psoriasis management.

Conventional topical psoriasis treatments suffer from limited delivery to affected areas along with skin irritation due to high local drug concentration. Herein an attempt to improve the delivery of leflunomide's active metabolite (teriflunomide (TER)) by improving its solubility through nanoencapsulation in emulsomes (EMLs) besides ensuring effective intradermal delivery using hollow microneedles. Evaluation of colloidal characteristics of EMLs, encapsulation efficiency and drug release were performed.

Advances in Nanomaterials for Targeted Drug Delivery: Emerging Trends and Future Prospects in Nanodrug Development.

The development of targeted drug delivery systems has transformed modern medicine, offering novel approaches to improve the efficacy and safety of therapeutic agents. Nanomaterials, due to their unique physicochemical properties, have emerged as pivotal contributors to this transformation. This paper aimed to explore recent advance-ments in nanomaterials for targeted drug delivery, highlighting emerging trends and pro-spects in nanodrug development.

The Effectiveness of Different Additives on Concrete's Freeze-Thaw Durability: A Review.

Enhancing concrete's resilience against freeze-thaw (F-T) cycles is a critical challenge in civil engineering, especially in cold climates, where repeated freezing and thawing lead to structural degradation. This review explores the effectiveness of various additives, including supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) and chemical admixtures, in improving concrete durability under F-T conditions. Factors influencing F-T resistance include the type and percentage of SCM replacement, the water-cement ratio, pore structure refinement, and air entrainment.

HeartEnsembleNet: An Innovative Hybrid Ensemble Learning Approach for Cardiovascular Risk Prediction.

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a prominent determinant of mortality, accounting for 17 million lives lost across the globe each year. This underscores its severity as a critical health issue. Extensive research has been undertaken to refine the forecasting of CVD in patients using various supervised, unsupervised, and deep learning approaches.

Establishing a Structured Hypospadias Biobank Cohort for Integrated Research: Methodology, Comprehensive Database Integration, and Phenotyping.

: Hypospadias, a common congenital anomaly in males, presents significant challenges in diagnosis, management, and long-term care. Despite its prevalence, research into the condition has been hampered by the lack of integrated biobank cohorts linking clinical, phenotypic, and surgical data with biological samples. This study aimed to establish the Hypospadias Biobank Cohort (HBC), a comprehensive resource designed to advance the understanding of hypospadias etiology and improve patient outcomes.

Morpho-molecular identification of causing anthracnose disease of banana in Pakistan.

Banana (Musa spp.) is widely cultivated as the major fruit in Pakistan. Anthracnose fruit rot caused by various Colletotrichum spp.

Exosomal Dynamics: Bridging the Gap Between Cellular Senescence and Cancer Therapy.

Cancer remains one of the most devastating diseases, severely affecting public health and contributing to economic instability. Researchers worldwide are dedicated to developing effective therapeutics to target cancer cells. One promising strategy involves inducing cellular senescence, a complex state in which cells exit the cell cycle.

Discordance between patient and physician global assessments of psoriatic arthritis activity: an observational study in 13 Arab countries.

Discordance between physicians and patients in assessing psoriatic arthritis (PsA) activity is common and might impact treatment adherence and decision-making. Cultural and belief systems may influence this discordance. This study aimed to assess the extent of patient-physician discordance in PsA in Arab countries and its association with demographic and disease characteristics.

Correction: Zeng et al. Hedgehog Signaling: Linking Embryonic Lung Development and Asthmatic Airway Remodeling. 2022, , 1774.

In the original publication [...

Tracheomalacia in patients undergoing thyroid surgery-What is the true estimate: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: Tracheomalacia is defined as the weakening of the tracheal rings secondary to long-standing compression or inherent structural weakness, leading to stridor and airway compromise. The common etiological factor of tracheomalacia includes compression of the tracheal framework due to a large multinodular goiter. There are various management techniques described in the literature to manage a patient with tracheomalacia including tracheostomy, tracheal stenting, and tracheopexy.

Racioethnic disparities in comorbidities and outcomes following head and neck oncologic surgery.

Objectives: Racial disparities persist despite attempts to establish an egalitarian framework for surgical care. This study aimed to investigate racioethnic disparities in comorbidities and outcomes following surgery for head and neck tumors.

Methods: This retrospective study included adult patients who underwent head and neck oncologic surgery between 2008 and 2020 from the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program.

Illicit Drug Use and Cerebral Microbleeds in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack.

Background: Cerebral microbleeds (CMB) signal cerebral small vessel disease and are associated with ischemic stroke. While illicit drug use (IDU) is linked to cerebral vasculopathy, the association between CMB and IDU is poorly characterized.

Aims: Our primary aim was to explore the relationship between IDU and CMB and delineate differences in vascular risk factors between those with and without CMB.

Estimation of groundwater storage loss using surface-subsurface hydrologic modeling in an irrigated agricultural region.

In the Mississippi alluvial plain (MAP) area, the demand for groundwater resources from the alluvial aquifer for agricultural irrigation has led to significant reductions in groundwater-level elevation over time. In this study, we use the hydrologic model SWAT + to quantify long-term changes in groundwater storage within the MAP in United States, wherein groundwater is used extensively for irrigation. We apply a linear quantile regression method to perform trend analysis for wet, dry, and average conditions for the 1982-2020 period.

Multi blockchain architecture for judicial case management using smart contracts.

The infusion of technology across various domains, particularly in process-centric and multi-stakeholder sectors, demands transparency, accuracy, and scalability. This paper introduces a blockchain and intelligent contract-based framework for judicial case management, proposing a private-to-public blockchain approach to establish a transparent, decentralized, and robust system. An Integrated Solution for Judicial Case Management using Blockchain Technology and Smart Contracts.

Clinical Outcomes of Hypertonic Saline vs Mannitol Treatment Among Children With Traumatic Brain Injury.

Importance: The use of hypertonic saline (HTS) vs mannitol in the control of elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) secondary to neurotrauma is debated.

Objective: To compare mortality and functional outcomes of treatment with 3% HTS vs 20% mannitol among children with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) at risk of elevated ICP.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This prospective, multicenter cohort study was conducted between June 1, 2018, and December 31, 2022, at 28 participating pediatric intensive care units in the Pediatric Acute and Critical Care Medicine in Asia Network (PACCMAN) and the Red Colaborativa Pediátrica de Latinoamérica (LARed) in Asia, Latin America, and Europe.