Photoexcitation of perovskite precursor solution to induce high-valent iodoplumbate species for wide bandgap perovskite solar cells with enhanced photocurrent.

Solution-processed organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells are among the candidates to replace the traditional silicon solar cells due to their excellent power conversion efficiency (PCE). Despite this considerable progress, understanding the properties of the perovskite precursor solution is critical for perovskite solar cells (PSCs) to achieve high performance and reproducibility. However, the exploration of perovskite precursor chemistry and its effects on photovoltaic performances has been limited thus far.

The current state of the art in internal additive materials and quantum dots for improving efficiency and stability against humidity in perovskite solar cells.

The remarkable optoelectronic capabilities of perovskite structures enable the achievement of astonishingly high-power conversion efficiencies on the laboratory scale. However, a critical bottleneck of perovskite solar cells is their sensitivity to the surrounding humid environment affecting drastically their long-term stability. Internal additive materials together with surface passivation, polymer-mixed perovskite, and quantum dots, have been investigated as possible strategies to enhance device stability even in unfavorable conditions.

Carbon Electrodes in Perovskite Photovoltaics.

High-performance lab-scale perovskite solar cells often have a precious metal as the top electrode. However, there are drawbacks to using metal top electrodes on a large scale, such as inducing degradation processes, requiring a high-temperature deposition process under vacuum, and having low scalability. Recently many studies have shown the potentials of using a carbon electrode because of its conductivity, flexibility, low cost, and ease of fabrication.