[The assessment of the mental health of children with psychosomatic diseases].

The mental health of children and adolescents who suffered from gastrointestinal diseases due to psychosomatic causes (duodenal ulcer, chronic gastroduodenitis) was examined. Those with the diseases are a group at risk for nervous and mental disorders, and impaired psychophysical adaptation.

[The mental health status of today's schoolchildren (diagnosis and determining factors)].

The paper presents the results of the study into the mental health status of schoolchildren of various ages with identification of 4 groups of mental health, a set of criteria for early diagnosis of borderline nervous and mental disorders: clinical, psychological, neurophysiological electroencephalograms. There are trends of mental health over the course of school years, which are compared with prior study data. The twin method has shown that there is a genetic predisposition to borderline nervous and mental disorders both for clinical and preclinical entities, and defined the degree of genetic determination of the pattern of genetic predisposition (some personality traits) and its modifying factors, as well as the contribution of various environmental influences in the genesis of these disorders.

[Study of intellectual activity in twins. I. Developmental features].

The investigation of 234 twins and 100 singletons at the age from 7 till 16 years old was carried out by WISC method. The intellectual development of twins was established to fall behind singletons at the expense of lower level of verbal intellectual functions. It is due to organic changes of nervous system, arising as the result of the action of unfavourable factors during antenatal period.

[Intellectual activities of twins. II. Heredity and environment].

A study was carried out of the relative role of the genotype and the environment on the variability of intellectual abilities in children of 7--16 years old. 118 twin pairs were studied by WISC method: 57 MZ and 61 DZ. It is established that every parameter of the intellectual activity is characterized by the definite component of phenotypic variance, i.