Outcomes of Elderly Patients With Node-Positive Colon Cancer: A Multicenter Population-Based Cohort Study.

Background: In this large population-based cohort study, we examined the prognostic significance of various clinical, pathological, and contextual variables for their correlation with survival in elderly patients with stage III colon cancer.

Methods: Patients aged ≥ 70 years with stage III colon cancer, diagnosed in Saskatchewan during 2012-2018, were evaluated. A Cox proportional multivariate survival analysis was performed to determine factors correlated with overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival.

Mixed epithelial endocrine neoplasms of the colon and rectum - An evolution over time: A systematic review.

Background: Mixed tumors of the colon and rectum, composed of a combination of epithelial and endocrine elements of benign and malignant potential are rare neoplasms. These can occur anywhere in the gastrointestinal tract and are often diagnosed incidentally. Though they have been a well-documented entity in the pancreas, where the exocrine-endocrine mixed tumors have been known for a while, recognition and accurate diagnosis of these tumors in the colon and rectum, to date, remains a challenge.

Safety and Feasibility of Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging Criteria to Identify Patients With "Good Prognosis" Rectal Cancer Eligible for Primary Surgery: The Phase 2 Nonrandomized QuickSilver Clinical Trial.

Importance: Chemoradiotherapy (CRT), followed by surgery, is the recommended approach for stage II and III rectal cancer. While CRT decreases the risk of local recurrence, it does not improve survival and leads to poorer functional outcomes than surgery alone. Therefore, new approaches to better select patients for CRT are important.

Primary pulmonary/pleural melanoma in a 13 year-old presenting as pleural effusion.

Melanoma in children, adolescents, and young adults is uncommon and reported almost exclusively as cutaneous melanoma. Melanoma presenting as a pleural effusion is very rare in adults and not reported in the pediatric population. Additionally, primary pulmonary melanoma is overall very rare and undocumented in pediatric patients.

Gastric biomarkers: a global review.

Background: Gastric cancer is an aggressive disease with a poor 5-year survival and large global burden of disease. The disease is biologically and genetically heterogeneous with a poorly understood carcinogenesis at the molecular level. Despite the many prognostic, predictive, and therapeutic biomarkers investigated to date, gastric cancer continues to be detected at an advanced stage with resultant poor clinical outcomes.

Pattern of Cortical Fracture following Corticotomy for Distraction Osteogenesis.

Corticotomy is an essential procedure for deformity correction and there are many techniques described. However there is no proper classification of the fracture pattern resulting from corticotomies to enable any studies to be conducted. We performed a retrospective study of corticotomy fracture patterns in 44 patients (34 tibias and 10 femurs) performed for various indications.

Gallbladder Cancer in the 21st Century.

Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is an uncommon disease in the majority of the world despite being the most common and aggressive malignancy of the biliary tree. Early diagnosis is essential for improved prognosis; however, indolent and nonspecific clinical presentations with a paucity of pathognomonic/predictive radiological features often preclude accurate identification of GBC at an early stage. As such, GBC remains a highly lethal disease, with only 10% of all patients presenting at a stage amenable to surgical resection.

Prevalence and remediation of spatial processing disorder (SPD) in Indigenous children in regional Australia.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of spatial processing disorder (SPD) in the Indigenous Australian population and the benefit of and logistical issues arising from remediation of the disorder.

Design: Participants were assessed for SPD with the Listening in Spatialized Noise - Sentences test (LiSN-S). Participants diagnosed with SPD were instructed to use the LiSN & Learn auditory training software until 100 games had been completed.

Should noncurative resection of the primary tumour be performed in patients with stage iv colorectal cancer? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: Surgical resection of the primary tumour in patients with advanced colorectal cancer (crc) remains controversial. This review compares survival in patients with advanced crc who underwent surgical resection of the primary tumour with that in patients not undergoing resection, and determines rates of post-operative mortality and nonfatal complications, the primary tumour complication rate, the non-resection surgical procedures rate, and quality of life (qol).

Methods: Reports in the central, medline, and embase databases were searched for relevant studies, which were selected using pre-specified eligibility criteria.

Catharanthine dilates small mesenteric arteries and decreases heart rate and cardiac contractility by inhibition of voltage-operated calcium channels on vascular smooth muscle cells and cardiomyocytes.

Catharanthine is a constituent of anticancer vinca alkaloids. Its cardiovascular effects have not been investigated. This study compares the in vivo hemodynamic as well as in vitro effects of catharanthine on isolated blood vessels, vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), and cardiomyocytes.

The multifaceted granulosa cell tumours-myths and realities: a review.

Background. Granulosa cell tumors (GCTs), representing ~2% of ovarian tumours, are poorly understood neoplasms with unpredictable and undetermined biological behaviour. Design.

Molecular events in primary and metastatic colorectal carcinoma: a review.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a heterogeneous disease, developing through a multipathway sequence of events guided by clonal selections. Pathways included in the development of CRC may be broadly categorized into (a) genomic instability, including chromosomal instability (CIN), microsatellite instability (MSI), and CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP), (b) genomic mutations including suppression of tumour suppressor genes and activation of tumour oncogenes, (c) microRNA, and (d) epigenetic changes. As cancer becomes more advanced, invasion and metastases are facilitated through the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), with additional genetic alterations.

Fecal molecular markers for colorectal cancer screening.

Despite multiple screening techniques, including colonoscopy, flexible sigmoidoscopy, radiological imaging, and fecal occult blood testing, colorectal cancer remains a leading cause of death. As these techniques improve, their sensitivity to detect malignant lesions is increasing; however, detection of precursor lesions remains problematic and has generated a lack of general acceptance for their widespread usage. Early detection by an accurate, noninvasive, cost-effective, simple-to-use screening technique is central to decreasing the incidence and mortality of this disease.

Three uncommon adrenal incidentalomas: a 13-year surgical pathology review.

Background: The discovery of adrenal incidentalomas due to the widespread use of sophisticated abdominal imaging techniques has resulted in an increasing trend of adrenal gland specimens being received in the pathology laboratory. In this context, we encountered three uncommon adrenal incidentalomas.The aim of this manuscript is to report in detail the three index cases of adrenal incidentalomas in the context of a 13-year retrospective surgical pathology review.

A biomechanical study comparing plate fixation using unicortical and bicortical screws in transverse metacarpal fracture models subjected to cyclic loading.

The use of bicortical screws to fix metacarpal fractures has been suggested to provide no added biomechanical advantage over unicortical screw fixation. However, this was only demonstrated in static loading regimes, which may not be representative of biological conditions. The present study was done to determine whether similar outcomes are obtained when cyclic loading is applied.

A review of duodenal metastases from squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix presenting as an upper gastrointestinal bleed.

Upper gastrointestinal bleeding due to duodenal metastases is extremely uncommon. Extra-pelvic spread of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the cervix to the small bowel is rare with only 6 reported cases in the English literature since 1981(PubMed, Medline).We report the case of a 49-year-old woman who presented with upper-gastrointestinal bleeding two years after the diagnosis of SCC of the cervix.

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) enhances bone healing in non-united critical-sized defects: a preliminary study involving rabbit models.

Introduction: The use of bone grafts in treating non- or delayed unions as the result of large bone loss is well established. However, despite good outcomes, the time to achieve complete union is still considerably long. To overcome this problem, the use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been advocated albeit with varying success.

Endoscopic biopsies of duodenal polyp/mass lesions: a surgical pathology review.

Background And Aims: Endoscopic biopsies of duodenal polyp/mass lesions are uncommon surgical pathology specimens. A surgical review with a report on three unusual duodenal polyp/mass lesions is presented.

Methods: A computer-based data search of duodenal polyp/mass lesions was conducted at the Saskatoon Health Region using the Lab Information System from 1996 to 2009.

Expression of cell cycle proteins in male breast carcinoma.

Introduction: Male breast cancer (MBC) is a rare, yet potentially aggressive disease. Although literature regarding female breast cancer (FBC) is extensive, little is known about the etiopathogenesis of male breast cancer. Studies from our laboratory show that MBCs have a distinct immunophenotypic profile, suggesting that the etiopathogenesis of MBC is different from FBCs.

Uncommon mucosal metastases to the stomach.

Background: Metastases to the stomach from an extra-gastric neoplasm are an unusual event, identified in less than 2% of cancer patients at autopsy. The stomach may be involved by hematogenous spread from a distant primary (most commonly breast, melanoma or lung), or by contiguous spread from an adjacent malignancy, such as the pancreas, esophagus and gallbladder. These latter sites may also involve the stomach via lymphatic or haematogenous spread.

Factors effecting impact of Aspergillus fumigatus sensitization in cystic fibrosis.

The clinical impact of Aspergillus fumigatus (Af) sensitization in cystic fibrosis (CF) is controversial. We examined the effect of Af sensitization (Afs) on pulmonary function and growth using a retrospective cohort analysis over two 5-year study periods: 1996-2000 (19 Afs cases and 19 controls) and 2001-2005 (24 Afs cases and 23 controls). Sensitization was defined as Af specific radioallergosorbent test (RAST) >or= 17.

Pseudomyxoma peritonei--a revisit: report of 2 cases and literature review.

Background: Pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) is a rare, chronic, relapsing, diagnostically challenging and poorly understood disease characterized by disseminated mucinous ascites and peritoneal implants.

Case Presentation: We report two cases of PMP that represent the two biological variants of disseminated peritoneal adenomucinosis (DPAM)--the benign variant and the peritoneal mucinous carcinomatosis (PMCA)--the malignant variant, both of which were characterized by multiple relapses and progression of the disease despite aggressive management.

Conclusion: Even with a better understanding and recent advances in the management of these cases, PMP remains an enigmatic disease with a protracted clinical course characterized by multiple recurrences despite surgery and/or chemotherapy.

Increased expression of calcineurin in human colorectal adenocarcinomas.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cause of cancer death in the Western world. Calcineurin (CaN), a Ca2+/calmodulin (CaM)-dependent protein phosphatase, is important for Ca2+-mediated signal transduction. The main objective of this study is to examine the potential role of Ca2+/CaM-dependent protein phosphatase in both normal and in invasive tumor components of human samples.