Respiratory support with standard low-flow oxygen therapy, high-flow oxygen therapy or continuous positive airway pressure in adults with acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure in a resource-limited setting: protocol for a randomised, open-label, clinical trial - the Acute Respiratory Intervention StudiEs in Africa (ARISE-AFRICA) study.

Rationale: Acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure (AHRF) is associated with high mortality in sub-Saharan Africa. This is at least in part due to critical care-related resource constraints including limited access to invasive mechanical ventilation and/or highly skilled acute care workers. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and high-flow oxygen by nasal cannula (HFNC) may prove useful to reduce intubation, and therefore, improve survival outcomes among critically ill patients, particularly in resource-limited settings, but data in such settings are lacking.

Acute flaccid myelitis: not uncommon in rural Uganda?

Acute Flaccid Myelitis is a paralytic illness with significant similarities to poliomyelitis, and which affects predominantly children. It was first fully delineated only in 2014 in the USA, occurring in epidemic clusters with a likely overall increasing incidence. It has subsequently rapidly been identified in Europe, the UK, and Australasia and the Far East, confirming it to be an emerging, global, infectious neurological disease.

Echocardiographic Screening for Rheumatic Heart Disease in a Ugandan Orphanage: Feasibility and Outcomes.

Background: Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is a major cause of cardiovascular disease in developing nations, leading to more than 230,000 deaths annually. Most patients seek medical care only when long-term structural and hemodynamic complications have already occurred. Echocardiographic screenings ensure the early detection of asymptomatic subjects who could benefit from prophylaxis, monitoring and intervention, when appropriate.

Unexpected Huge Prevalence of Intracardiac Extension of Wilms Tumor-A Single Center Experience from a Ugandan Hospital.

Wilms tumor (WT) is the most common primary renal malignancy in young children. WT vascular extension to the inferior vena cava (IVC) occurs in 4-10% of cases and can reach the right atrium (RA) in 1%. Data on WT clinical presentation and outcome in developing countries are limited.