Comparison of acid exfoliators in carbon nanosheets synthesis from stinging nettle (Urtica dioica) for electrochemical applications.

Carbon nanosheets (CNs) were successfully synthesized from nettle stem (NS) which is an inexpensive material with a high carbon content that is abundantly available in nature. CNs were produced using chemical (potassium hydroxide activation and acid exfoliation) and thermal treatments. Sulfuric (HSO), phosphoric (HPO) and nitric (HNO) acid solutions were used for exfoliation.