Stability and capacity enhancements of activated sludge process by IFAS technology.

This research was conducted to evaluate the capacity and stability of the Activated Sludge (AS) process retrofitted to the Integrated Fixed Film Activated Sludge (IFAS) process. Hydraulic retention time (HRT) and solids retention time (SRT) were used as independent variables in this investigation. The IFAS and AS processes were operated in parallel for carbon removal and nitrification at 6, 8, and 10 hours HRTs at which 4, 6, and 8 days SRTs were maintained.