Publications by authors named "Kano S"
Objectives: Salivary gland cancer is a rare disease composed of more than 20 histological types with different grades of malignancy. The aim of this multicenter, retrospective study was to identify the most important predictors affecting recurrence and survival after surgery.
Material And Methods: A total of 543 patients with salivary gland cancers that underwent curative surgery between 2012 and 2022 in 13 institutions in northern Japan were evaluated in this study.
Article Synopsis
- The study evaluates the cost-effectiveness of three strategies for diagnosing and treating metastatic non-small cell lung cancer in Japan, with a focus on the use of the Foundation One CDx genomic test.
- A decision tree model was used to analyze the cost-effectiveness and utility of the strategies, comparing single-gene testing and comprehensive genomic testing at different stages of treatment.
- Results indicated that F1CDx testing after standard treatment was less cost-effective than multiple single tests at initial diagnosis, with the most significant cost factor being treatment expenses.
Objectives: This study aimed to assess the intrinsic impacts of the expression of PD-L1 on postoperative recurrence and the prognosis in patients with ()-mutated lung adenocarcinomas.
Patients And Methods: Data from 221 surgically resected pathological stage IA-IIIA lung adenocarcinomas, collected between 2017 and 2019, were analyzed. This included measurements of mutations and the PD-L1 expression.
Article Synopsis
- Plantar malignant melanoma is primarily treated through surgery, but skin grafts in the plantar region have a poorer survival rate and longer healing times compared to other areas.
- This study analyzed 49 patients (mean age 70.4) who had surgery for plantar malignant melanoma from 2018-2022, focusing on healing time and factors affecting it using a multivariate analysis.
- Results showed that larger defect sizes and the method of skin grafting influenced healing times, with median healing times of 14.6 weeks (one-step), 12.0 weeks (two-step), and 21.9 weeks (secondary intention healing) for different treatment cohorts.
Article Synopsis
- A new surgical technique was developed to preserve the nasolacrimal duct and inferior turbinate during the treatment of sinonasal inverted papilloma, which involves swinging these structures upward and backward.
- A study on 53 patients showed no recurrences in the maxillary sinus and successful preservation of the nasolacrimal duct in all but one case, indicating the technique's effectiveness.
- The method was found to have low complication rates, with no significant adverse effects reported, making it a safe option for treating inverted papilloma.
Article Synopsis
- This study examined factors that predict how well head and neck cancer patients respond to nivolumab, an anti-PD-1 treatment, focusing on clinical, microenvironmental, and genomic aspects.
- It analyzed 100 patients, revealing that responders typically had lower smoking and drinking habits, more immune-related side effects, and higher PD-L1 expression compared to non-responders.
- Additionally, factors like age, previous treatment with cetuximab, and specific gene mutations affected the response to treatment, highlighting the complexity of immune responses in cancer therapy.
Article Synopsis
- Enhanced glucose metabolism, particularly involving the enzyme G6PD, plays a crucial role in cancer, with low G6PD expression linked to stronger anti-tumor immune responses.
- Testing conducted on melanoma cells and mice demonstrated that inhibiting G6PD induced immunogenic cell death and boosted the effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs).
- Clinical data from melanoma and lung cancer patients revealed that those with lower G6PD levels had a significantly better prognosis following ICI treatment, indicating the potential of G6PD inhibition as a therapeutic approach in cancer treatment.
Many researchers have focused on the role of the autonomic nervous system in the tumor microenvironment. Autonomic nerves include the sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves, which are known to induce cancer growth and metastasis. However, in salivary duct carcinoma (SDC), a rare and highly malignant tumor, the issue should be investigated from both biological and therapeutic perspectives.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWeak sensory noise acts on the nervous system and promotes sensory and motor functions. This phenomenon is called stochastic resonance and is expected to be applied for improving biological functions. This study investigated the effect of electrical stimulation on grip force adjustment ability.
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- The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of apalutamide combined with goserelin for treating androgen receptor-positive unresectable or metastatic salivary gland carcinoma.
- A total of 31 patients were enrolled, but only 25% of the first 24 patients responded to the treatment, which did not meet the expected effectiveness criteria; however, the clinical benefit rate was 50%.
- The treatment demonstrated potential benefits in a subgroup of patients with high AR positivity (≥70%) and reported side effects were in line with what’s typically observed in prostate cancer treatments.
Background: Delayed neuropsychiatric sequelae (DNS) is a syndrome that appears days to weeks after acute carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning. DNS shows various neuropsychiatric symptoms, such as mental deterioration and parkinsonism.
Case Presentation: Our case was a 37-year-old male with schizophrenia.
Objective: This study aimed to reveal the effects of SET domain bifurcated 1 (SETDB1) on epithelial cells during tooth development.
Design: We generated conditional knockout mice (Setdb1 mice), in which Setdb1 was deleted only in epithelial cells. At embryonic day 14.
Pregnancy and the postpartum period induce physiological changes that can influence women's cognitive functions. Alzheimer's disease (AD) has a higher prevalence in women and is exacerbated by early life stress. In the present study, we found that late adolescent social isolation combined with the experience of pregnancy and delivery accelerates the onset of cognitive deficits in 5xFAD dams, particularly affecting their ability to recognize novelty.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB) is a rare malignant tumor arising from the olfactory neuroepithelium. The standard of care for ONB is surgical resection; however, detailed treatment protocols vary by institution. Our treatment protocol consists of endoscopic skull base surgery (ESBS) for endoscopically resectable cases and induction chemotherapy followed by craniotomy combined with ESBS for locally advanced cases, with postoperative radiotherapy performed for all cases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChildhood and adolescent stress increase the risk of postpartum depression (PPD), often providing an increased probability of treatment refractoriness. Nevertheless, the mechanisms linking childhood/adolescent stress to PPD remain unclear. Our study investigated the longitudinal effects of adolescent stress on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and postpartum behaviors in mice and humans.
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- Photoimmunotherapy uses a targeted drug activated by infrared light to induce cell death in tumors, but accurately placing the necessary illumination devices for deep lesions is challenging during surgery.* -
- The development of "SlicerPIT," a planning software, allows for effective preoperative placement of illumination devices in 2D and 3D, improving guidance during actual procedures through integration with surgical navigation systems.* -
- In trials with three patients, SlicerPIT successfully guided the placement of treatment devices, yielding positive results with tumor necrosis and shrinkage, indicating its potential to enhance photoimmunotherapy outcomes.*
Purpose: The quality and bias of annotations by annotators (e.g., radiologists) affect the performance changes in computer-aided detection (CAD) software using machine learning.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is one of the main causes of diarrhea in children and travelers in low-income regions. The virulence of ETEC is attributed to its heat-labile and heat-stable enterotoxins, as well as its colonization factors (CFs). CFs are essential for ETEC adherence to the intestinal epithelium.
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- This study examines the impact of adaptive radiotherapy (ART) on patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), comparing outcomes with a non-ART historical control group.
- Results indicated that while the ART group experienced higher rates of progression-free survival (PFS) and locoregional recurrence-free survival (LRFS), overall survival (OS) and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) were similar between both groups.
- The findings suggest that ART may enhance locoregional control, particularly in the primary tumor, highlighting its potential effectiveness in treatment despite differences in patient backgrounds.
International Comparison of Qualification Process for Medical Product Development Tools.
Ther Innov Regul Sci
July 2024
Introduction: Qualification of medical product evaluation tools is underway in the United States, Europe, and Japan to reflect the advancements in the basic science of medical products. In Europe and the U.S.
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- Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is an aggressive skin cancer that can spontaneously regress more often than other types of cancer, but predicting this regression remains challenging.
- A study involving 71 Japanese MCC patients found that all 6 cases of spontaneous regression were linked to Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) and had positive tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS).
- Detailed analyses revealed a strong presence of immune cells interacting with tumor cells in regression cases, and gene studies suggested that "B-cell-mediated immunity" is enhanced in cases with MCPyV and TLS, indicating their potential role in spontaneous regression.
Article Synopsis
- Salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) has a low 5-year survival rate of 40%, and the impact of brain metastasis (BM) on patient outcomes is not well understood.
- A study of 464 SDC patients revealed that 14% had BM, with a median overall survival (mOS) of 13.1 months, and several factors linked to poorer survival, including performance status and uncontrolled disease.
- A new prognostic tool, the SDC-graded prognostic assessment (GPA) score, shows varying mOS estimates based on different scores, demonstrating its effectiveness in estimating outcomes for patients with BM.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to compare deep learning (DL)-based image reconstruction with traditional compressed sensing (CS) methods for enhancing fat-suppressed contrast-enhanced 3D T1-weighted images (T1WIs) of the head and neck.
- Researchers analyzed images from 39 patients and evaluated them qualitatively (image quality, anatomical structure visibility, etc.) and quantitatively (signal-to-noise ratios and contrast-to-noise ratios).
- Results showed that DL-based reconstruction significantly improved image quality and quantitative metrics, suggesting it is a more effective technique for assessing head and neck conditions than conventional CS methods.