Cervical intraosseous arteriovenous malformation: report of a rare entity and its management dilemmas.

Intraosseous occurrence of a spinal AVM is anecdotal, with only four such cases reported previously. This is the first report of a spinal intraosseous AVM in the cervical vertebrae. A 44-year-old male patient presented with a 2-month history of progressive quadriparesis and bladder dysfunction.

Occipital Interhemispheric Transtentorial Approach for Tumors of Posterior Third Ventricular Region: Review of Surgical Results.

Background: Controversies exist regarding the ideal surgical approach for tumors in posterior third ventricular region (PTV).

Objective: To evaluate the results of occipital interhemispheric transtentorial (OITT) approach for tumors in PTV.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-three patients underwent surgery via OITT approach for PTV tumors at Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Medical Sciences during the study period of 5 years (June 2011-May 2016).

Multimodal Imaging and Visual Evoked Potentials Reveal Key Structural and Functional Features That Distinguish Symptomatic From Presymptomatic Huntington's Disease Brain.

Background: Huntington's disease (HD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor, cognitive, and psychiatric abnormalities. Currently, matched analyses of structural and functional differences in the brain from the same study cohort and, specifically, in HD patients from an ethnically diverse Indian population are lacking. Such findings aid in identifying noninvasive and sensitive imaging biomarkers.

Are Two-Dimensional Morphometric Measures Reflective of Disease Severity in Adult Chiari I Malformation?

Background: Two-dimensional (2D) morphometric measures have been previously used to diagnose Chiari I malformation (CMI) and distinguish patients from healthy subjects. There is, however, a paucity of literature regarding whether morphometric differences exist across the range of CMI disease severity. We evaluated whether 2D morphometrics demonstrate significant changes across standardized grades of CMI severity in adults.

Clinical and Laboratory Markers of Brain Abscess in Tetralogy of Fallot ('BA-TOF' Score): Results of a Case-Control Study and Implications for Community Surveillance.

 Cardiogenic brain abscess (CBA) is the commonest noncardiac cause of morbidity and mortality in cyanotic heart disease (CHD). The clinical diagnosis of a CBA is often delayed due to its nonspecific presentations and the scarce availability of computed tomography (CT) imaging in resource-restricted settings. We attempted to identify parameters that reliably point to the diagnosis of a CBA in patients with Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF).

Outcome of Surgery for Congenital Craniovertebral Junction Anomalies with Atlantoaxial Dislocation/Basilar Invagination: A Retrospective Study of 94 Patients.

Objective: To evaluate the results of surgery for congenital craniovertebral junction (CVJ) anomalies with atlantoaxial dislocation (AAD)/basilar invagination (BI) and compare the results of transoral odontoidectomy and posterior fusion (TOO+PF) with only posterior fusion (PF) in patients with irreducible AAD/BI.

Methods And Results: All 94 patients with congenital CVJ anomalies with AAD/BI operated on during the 3-year study period (June 2013-May 2016) were included. Of these patients, 55 had irreducible AAD/BI and the remaining 39 had reducible AAD/BI.

Far lateral approach without occipital condylar resection for intradural ventral/ventrolateral foramen magnum tumors and aneurysms of V4 segment of vertebral artery: Review of surgical results.

Background: Controversies exist regarding the need and extent of condylar resection for safe surgical management of intradural ventral/ventrolateral foramen magnum (VFM) tumors and aneurysms of V4 segment of vertebral artery (VA) by far lateral approach. This retrospective study was conducted to evaluate the results of basic far lateral approach(retrocondylar approach) without upfront occipital condylar resection.

Methods And Results: Twenty one patients underwent surgery via far lateral approach for intradural VFM tumors and aneurysms of V4 segment of VA at Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Medical Sciences during 9 years(2008-2016) study period.

Microsurgery for Spetzler-Martin Grade I-III Arteriovenous Malformations: Analysis of Surgical Results and Correlation of Lawton-Young Supplementary Grade and Supplemented Spetzler-Martin Score with Functional Outcome.

Objective: To analyze the results of microsurgery for Spetzler-Martin (SM) grade I-III AVMs and evaluate the correlation of the Lawton-Young (LY) supplementary grade, supplemented Spetzler-Martin (SM-Supp/combined) score with the functional outcome.

Methods: A total of 42 patients with SM grade I-III AVMs who had undergone surgery at our institute during a 3-year period (June 2013 to May 2016) were included in the present study.

Results: All 42 patients had undergone primary surgery without previous embolization.

Outcome of Microsurgical Clipping for Multiple Versus Single Intracranial Aneurysms: A Single-Institution Retrospective Comparative Cohort Study.

Objective: To evaluate the results of microsurgical clipping for single intracranial aneurysm (SIA) and multiple intracranial aneurysms (MIA) and compare the outcomes.

Methods: All patients who underwent surgery for intracranial aneurysm (IA) at our institution over a 3-year period (June 2013 to May 2016) were included in this study.

Results: A total of 157 patients with 225 IAs were included.

Adenosine-Induced transient asystole during surgical treatment of basilar artery aneurysms.

Aim: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of adenosine-induced transient asystole (AITA) during surgery for basilar artery aneurysms.

Materials And Methods: All the patients with basilar artery aneurysms operated using AITA at our institute during two years period (August 2013-July 2015) were included in this study.

Results: Adenosine was used in 11 patients with 13 basilar artery aneurysms.

Intradural "limited drill" technique of anterior clinoidectomy and optic canal unroofing for microneurosurgical management of ophthalmic segment and PCOM aneurysms-review of surgical results.

To evaluate the safety and efficacy of intradural "limited drill" technique (ILDT) of anterior clinoidectomy (AC) and optic canal unroofing (OCU) for microneurosurgical management of ophthalmic segment and posterior communicating artery (PCOM) aneurysms. All the patients with ophthalmic segment and PCOM aneurysms who underwent AC and OCU by ILDT for microneurosurgical management of ophthalmic segment and PCOM aneurysms during 4-year period (2013-2016) at our Institute were included in this study. In ILDT of AC and OCU, the use of power drill is restricted to AC only and OCU is done exclusively with 1-mm Kerrison punch.

Safety and Accuracy of Anatomic and Lateral Fluoroscopic-Guided Placement of C2 Pars/Pedicle Screws and C1 Lateral Mass Screws, and Freehand Placement of C2 Laminar Screws.

Objective: To evaluate the safety and accuracy of anatomic- and lateral fluoroscopic-guided placement of C2 pars/pedicle, C1 lateral mass screws, and freehand placement of C2 laminar screws.

Methods: All the patients who underwent posterior cervical/occipitocervical fixation that involved the placement of C1/C2 screws during a 5-year period (2011-2015) at our institute were included in this study.

Results: C1/C2 screws were placed in a total of 94 patients during this period.