Kidney Damage in Long COVID: Studies in Experimental Mice.

Signs and symptoms involving multiple organ systems which persist for weeks or months to years after the initial SARS-CoV-2 infection (also known as PASC or long COVID) are common complications of individuals with COVID-19. We recently reported pathophysiological changes in various organs post-acute infection of mice with mouse hepatitis virus-1 (MHV-1, a coronavirus) (7 days) and after long-term post-infection (12 months). One of the organs severely affected in this animal model is the kidney, which correlated well with human studies showing kidney injury post-SARS-CoV-2 infection.

APE1 redox function is required for activation of Yes-associated protein 1 under reflux conditions in Barrett's-associated esophageal adenocarcinomas.

Background: Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is characterized by poor prognosis and low survival rate. Chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is the main risk factor for the development of Barrett's esophagus (BE), a preneoplastic metaplastic condition, and its progression to EAC. Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) activation mediates stem-like properties under cellular stress.

Activation of NRF2 by APE1/REF1 is redox-dependent in Barrett's related esophageal adenocarcinoma cells.

Background: Chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a major risk factor for the development of metaplastic Barrett's esophagus (BE) and its progression to esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). Uncontrolled accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in response to acidic bile salts (ABS) in reflux conditions can be lethal to cells. In this study, we investigated the role of APE1/REF1 in regulating nuclear erythroid factor-like 2 (NRF2), the master antioxidant transcription factor, in response to reflux conditions.

A quick, cost-free method of purification of DNA fragments from agarose gel.

In this short communication we report a quick, cost-free method of purification of DNA fragments from agarose gel. Unlike those procedures that involve commercial kits, this method uses glass wool or absorbent cotton to filter agarose gel during a quick spinning-down of DNA, thus significantly simplifying the routine practice of many molecular biologists and decreasing the cost.

Genistein modulates NF-κB-associated renal inflammation, fibrosis and podocyte abnormalities in fructose-fed rats.

The study determines the effect of genistein on inflammatory status and expression of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB p65), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) in kidney of fructose-fed rats. Adult male Wistar rats were fed a diet containing either starch or fructose as the source of carbohydrate. Fifteen days later, after confirming the development of insulin resistance in fructose-fed rats, the rats in each dietary group were divided into two and treated with either genistein (1 mg/kg/day) in 30% dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) or 30% DMSO alone for the next 45 days.

Suppression of hepatic oxidative events and regulation of eNOS expression in the liver by naringenin in fructose-administered rats.

Previous studies show that naringenin promotes insulin sensitivity in fructose-fed rats. This study investigates whether naringenin prevents oxidative events and apoptotic changes triggered in the rat liver by a high fructose diet. Male Wistar rats of body weight 150-180 g were fed either diet containing starch (60% carbohydrate) or fructose (60% fructose diet).

Naringenin enhances insulin-stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation and improves the cellular actions of insulin in a dietary model of metabolic syndrome.

Background: There is a growing interest in identifying putative insulin sensitizers from the herbal sources.

Aim Of The Study: The present study explores the effects of naringenin, a bioflavonoid, in the high fructose-induced model of insulin resistance.

Methods: Adult male Wistar rats were divided into two groups and were fed either a starch-based control diet or a high fructose diet (60 g/100 g) for 60 days.