Two by Two Factorial Design using Metformin and Curcumin for Second Primary Head and Neck Cancer Prevention Trial.

Objective: The 2x2 factorial design is an effective method that allows for multiple comparisons, especially in the context of interactions between different interventions, without substantially increasing the required sample size. In view of the considerable preclinical evidence for Curcumin and Metformin in preventing the development and progression of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), this study describes the protocol of the clinical trial towards applying the drug combination in prevention of second primary tumors.

Methods: We have applied the trial design to a large phase IIB/III double-blind, multi-centric, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial to determine the safety and efficacy of Metformin and Curcumin in the prevention of second primary tumours (SPT) of the aerodigestive tract following treatment of HNSCC (n=1,500) [Clinical Registry of India, CTRI/2018/03/012274].

Evaluation of Antibacterial Effect of Hybrid Nano-coating of Stainless Steel Orthodontic Brackets on Streptococcus Mutans - An Study.

Nano-coating of orthodontic brackets with a combination or hybrid of metals and metal oxides may reduce the streptococcus mutans count and incidence of enamel decalcification seen around brackets in patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment. In total, 255 orthodontic brackets (3M Unitek, Monrovia, California, USA) were divided into one control group (group I) of 60 and three experimental groups of 65 each (groups II, III, and IV). The experimental group brackets were coated with a combination of silver-zinc oxide, copper oxide -zinc oxide, and silver-copper oxide nanoparticles using physical vapour deposition method.

Evaluation of the Difference in the Rate of Canine Retraction Assisted by Piezocision and Discission in Human Subjects: A Preliminary Parallel-Arm Prospective Clinical Study.

Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the rate of orthodontic tooth movement assisted by piezocision and discission in extraction cases.

Methods: Twelve adults (20-35 years) requiring upper premolar extraction for orthodontic treatment were included in this preliminary parallel-arm clinical study. Participants (randomly allocated) in Groups A and B received piezocision and discision-assisted corticotomy cuts at the premolar extraction site, respectively, contralateral side served as the control.

Effect of Ethyl Alcohol Wet Bonding on Shear Bond Strength in Orthodontic Brackets - An Study.

Aim: To evaluate the effect of ethyl alcohol wet bonding on the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets.

Materials And Methods: 90 premolar teeth were collected and divided into 6 groups - conventional dry, conventional wet, MIP dry, MIP wet, ethanol dry, and ethanol wet. The teeth were bonded as per the requirements for each group.

Co-Creation of Breast Cancer Risk Communication Tools and an Assessment of Risk Factor Awareness: A Qualitative Study of Patients and the Public in India.

Background: Low awareness of BC and its associated risk factors causes delays in diagnosis and impacts survival. It is critical to communicate BC risk to patients in a format that they are easily able to understand. Our study aim was to develop easy-to-follow transmedia prototypes to communicate BC risk and evaluate user preferences, alongside exploring awareness of BC and its risk factors.

Survival rate and stability of surface-treated and non-surface-treated orthodontic mini-implants: a randomized clinical trial.

Objectives: This clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the stability and failure rate of surface-treated orthodontic mini-implants and determine whether they differ from those of non-surface-treated orthodontic mini-implants.

Trial Design: Randomized clinical trial with a split-mouth study design.

Setting: Department of Orthodontics, SRM Dental College, Chennai.

levels in patients who received orthodontic brackets bonded using probiotic impregnated resin composite - a randomized clinical trial.

To evaluate the effect of impregnating an orthodontic resin composite with probiotic bacteria ( GG) on the levels of () in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. Thirty patients were randomly selected and allotted by block randomization to two groups: an experimental group, who received brackets bonded with probiotic impregnated resin composite and a control group, who received brackets bonded with conventional light cure resin composite. Plaque samples were collected before (ET0 and CT0) and two months (ET1 and CT1) after bonding.

Reproducibility of linear and angular cephalometric measurements obtained by an artificial-intelligence assisted software (WebCeph) in comparison with digital software (AutoCEPH) and manual tracing method.

Introduction: It has been suggested that human errors during manual tracing of linear/angular cephalometric parameters can be eliminated by using computer-aided analysis. The landmarks, however, are located manually and the computer system completes the analysis. With the advent of Artificial Intelligence in the field of Dentistry, automatic location of the landmarks has become a promising tool in digital Orthodontics.

The Effects of Eucalyptus Oil, Glutathione, and Lemon Essential Oil on the Debonding Force, Adhesive Remnant Index, and Enamel Surface During Debonding of Ceramic Brackets.

Objective: The present study aimed to find a chemical reagent that would reduce the debonding force to enable easier debonding of the ceramic brackets, thus reducing enamel damage as well as chair side time.

Methods: The study included 4 groups -control (distilled water), eucalyptus oil, glutathione and lemon essential oil for immersing teeth bonded with ceramic brackets. Samples (25 in each group), extracted first premolars, were mounted and immersed in their respective solution for a duration of 10 minutes following which they were tested to evaluate the debonding force using the INSTRON universal testing machine.

Evaluation and comparison of planum clival angle in three malocclusion groups : A CBCT study.

Purpose: Cranial base flexure is an overlooked topic in craniofacial research. The aim of this retrospective observational study was to compare a new parameter, the planum clival angle (PCA), which represents cranial base flexure, in skeletal class I, II, and III malocclusions using cone beam computed tomographic images (CBCT) and correlate PCA with the stages of the fusion of the spheno-occipital synchondrosis (SOS).

Materials And Methods: A total of 125 CBCTs were divided into two groups based on chronological age (19-25 years and 12-18 years).

National Cancer Grid Virtual Tumor Boards of Head and Neck Cancers: An Innovative Approach to Multidisciplinary Care.

Purpose: Virtual tumor board (VTB) via videoconference facility involving multiple specialists in the decision making for various tumors is well accepted, especially in high-income countries. Information on virtual tumor boards for head and neck cancers especially from low- and middle-income countries is sparse. In this study, we have audited the findings of the National Cancer Grid VTBs performed for head and neck cancers.

Lifestyle, Epstein-Barr virus infection, and other factors could impede nasopharyngeal cancer survivorship: a five-year cross-sectional study in North Eastern India.

Unlabelled: Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (NPC) is one of the leading cancers in India's north-eastern (NE) region affecting a section of the population each year. A proportion of the NPC cases are observed to recur even after therapy, indicating the involvement of other factors. We aimed to explore the NPC and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) burden in the NE region and investigate the prognostic factors for the NPC patients' poor survival and recurrence.

Evaluation and comparison of stresses and displacements generated by four different types of asymmetric maxillary expansion appliances in true unilateral crossbite using finite element method.

Introduction: True unilateral posterior crossbite can be efficiently treated by using asymmetric expansion appliances that essentially exert unilateral expansion forces thereby minimizing iatrogenic overexpansion of the normal pretreatment side.

Aim: To evaluate and compare the stresses and displacements generated by four different types of asymmetric maxillary expansion appliances in true unilateral crossbite using the finite element method.

Materials And Methods: A CBCT image of the skull was obtained from a 12-year-old female patient with a true unilateral posterior crossbite on the right side, for the FEM study.

Effect of placement angle, diameter, length and bone density on the pull-out strength of orthodontic mini-implants: An in vitro study.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of the placement angle, diameter, length and bone density on the mechanical stability of orthodontic mini-implants by measuring their pull-out strengths.

Design: A total of 120 mini-implants of four different dimensions made from titanium were used. They measured 1.

Barriers and facilitators in implementing population based common cancer screening through community health workers.

Population based cancer screening was initiated in India in 2016 owing to an increased burden of cancers. A feasibility health system study was done by utilising community health workers (CHWs) to conduct the cancer screening. The current study is a qualitative study to elicit the barriers and facilitators in implementing population based cancer screening through CHWs.

Lifestyle chemical carcinogens associated with mutations in cell cycle regulatory genes increases the susceptibility to gastric cancer risk.

In the present study, we correlated the various lifestyle habits and their associated mutations in cell cycle (P21 and MDM2) and DNA damage repair (MLH1) genes to investigate their role in gastric cancer (GC). Multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) analysis revealed the two-factor model of oral snuff and smoked meat as the significant model for GC risk. The interaction analysis between identified mutations and the significant demographic factors predicted that oral snuff is significantly associated with P21 3'UTR mutations.

Association of DFNA5, SYK, and NELL1 variants along with HPV infection in oral cancer among the prolonged tobacco-chewers.

Southeast Asia, especially India, is well known for the highest use of smokeless tobacco. These products are known to induce oral squamous cell carcinoma. However, not all long-term tobacco-chewers develop oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Brachytherapy Localization Radiographs with Conventional Diagnostic X-Ray Machine.

With conventional diagnostic X-ray machines with over couch X-ray tubes, it is not possible to obtain anteroposterior (AP) and lateral (Lat) radiographs without changing the posture of the patients. In an old 300 mA X-ray machine with a fluoroscopy screen (12.4 kg) (1995 model), by substituting the screen with suitable counterweight and making provision to take the hoist pillar up to the edge of the wall, we could get isocentric setup for a hospital stretcher kept near the chest stand.

Lifelong vegetarianism and breast cancer risk: a large multicentre case control study in India.

Background: The lower incidence of breast cancer in Asian populations where the intake of animal products is lower than that of Western populations has led some to suggest that a vegetarian diet might reduce breast cancer risk.

Methods: Between 2011 and 2014 we conducted a multicentre hospital based case-control study in eight cancer centres in India. Eligible cases were women aged 30-70 years, with newly diagnosed invasive breast cancer (ICD10 C50).